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Totalitarian regimes or [[movements]] maintain themselves in political [[power]] by means of an official all-embracing [[ideology]] and propaganda disseminated through the state-controlled mass [[media]], a single party that controls the state, [[personality]] [[cult]]s, control over the [[economy]], regulation and restriction of free [[discussion]] and [[criticism]], the use of mass [[surveillance]], and widespread use of state [[terrorism]].
 
Totalitarian regimes or [[movements]] maintain themselves in political [[power]] by means of an official all-embracing [[ideology]] and propaganda disseminated through the state-controlled mass [[media]], a single party that controls the state, [[personality]] [[cult]]s, control over the [[economy]], regulation and restriction of free [[discussion]] and [[criticism]], the use of mass [[surveillance]], and widespread use of state [[terrorism]].
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<center>For lessons on the related [[topic]] of '''''[[Nationalism]]''''', follow [http://192.169.231.138/nordan/new_wiki/index.php?title=Category:Nationalism '''''this link'''''].</center>
 
==Etymology==
 
==Etymology==
 
The notion of Totalitarianism as "[[total]]" political power by state was formulated in 1923 by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Amendola Giovanni Amendola] who described Italian Fascism as a system [[Exceptionalism|fundamentally different]] from conventional dictatorships.[4] The term was later assigned a positive [[meaning]] in the writings of Giovanni Gentile, Italy’s most prominent [[philosopher]] and leading [[theorist]] of fascism. He used the term “totalitario” to refer to the [[structure]] and goals of the new state. The new state was to provide the “total representation of the nation and total [[guidance]] of national goals.”[5] He described totalitarianism as a [[society]] in which the [[ideology]] of the state had [[influence]], if not power, over most of its [[citizens]].[6] According to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini Benito Mussolini], this system politicizes everything [[spiritual]] and human:[4]
 
The notion of Totalitarianism as "[[total]]" political power by state was formulated in 1923 by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Amendola Giovanni Amendola] who described Italian Fascism as a system [[Exceptionalism|fundamentally different]] from conventional dictatorships.[4] The term was later assigned a positive [[meaning]] in the writings of Giovanni Gentile, Italy’s most prominent [[philosopher]] and leading [[theorist]] of fascism. He used the term “totalitario” to refer to the [[structure]] and goals of the new state. The new state was to provide the “total representation of the nation and total [[guidance]] of national goals.”[5] He described totalitarianism as a [[society]] in which the [[ideology]] of the state had [[influence]], if not power, over most of its [[citizens]].[6] According to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini Benito Mussolini], this system politicizes everything [[spiritual]] and human:[4]

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