Changes

[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Pesca,Taccuino_Sanitatis,_Casanatense..jpg|right|frame]]

[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Pesca,Taccuino_Sanitatis,_Casanatense..jpg|right|frame]]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_century 13th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_century 13th Century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: the [[sport]] or [[business]] of catching [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish fish]

*1: the [[sport]] or [[business]] of catching [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish fish]

*2: a place for catching fish  

*2: a place for catching fish  

==Description==

==Description==

'''Fishing''' is the [[activity]] of catching [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish fish]. Fish are normally caught in the wild. [[Techniques]] for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.

'''Fishing''' is the [[activity]] of catching [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish fish]. Fish are normally caught in the wild. [[Techniques]] for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.

The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic [[animals]] such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms. The term is not normally applied to catching aquatic [[mammals]], such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm farmed fish].

The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic [[animals]] such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms. The term is not normally applied to catching aquatic [[mammals]], such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm farmed fish].

According to FAO statistics, the total number of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_fishing commercial fishermen] and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisheries Fisheries] and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people. In 2005, the worldwide per capita consumption of fish captured from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_fisheries_of_the_world wild fisheries] was 14.4 kilograms, with an additional 7.4 kilograms [[harvest]]ed from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm fish farms]. In addition to providing [[food]], modern fishing is also a [[recreation]]al pastime.

According to FAO statistics, the total number of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_fishing commercial fishermen] and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisheries Fisheries] and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people. In 2005, the worldwide per capita consumption of fish captured from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_fisheries_of_the_world wild fisheries] was 14.4 kilograms, with an additional 7.4 kilograms [[harvest]]ed from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm fish farms]. In addition to providing [[food]], modern fishing is also a [[recreation]]al pastime.

==History==

==History==

Fishing is an ancient [[practice]] that dates back to, at least, the beginning of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic Paleolithic] period about 40,000 years ago. Isotopic analysis of the skeletal remains of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianyuan_man Tianyuan man], a 40,000 year old modern [[human]] from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed freshwater fish. [[Archaeology]] features such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden shell middens], discarded fish bones and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_painting cave paintings] show that sea foods were important for [[survival]] and consumed in significant [[quantities]]. During this period, most people lived a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter-gatherer hunter-gatherer] lifestyle and were, of [[necessity]], constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepenski_Vir Lepenski Vir], they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of [[food]].

Fishing is an ancient [[practice]] that dates back to, at least, the beginning of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic Paleolithic] period about 40,000 years ago. Isotopic analysis of the skeletal remains of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianyuan_man Tianyuan man], a 40,000 year old modern [[human]] from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed freshwater fish. [[Archaeology]] features such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden shell middens], discarded fish bones and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_painting cave paintings] show that sea foods were important for [[survival]] and consumed in significant [[quantities]]. During this period, most people lived a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter-gatherer hunter-gatherer] lifestyle and were, of [[necessity]], constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepenski_Vir Lepenski Vir], they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of [[food]].

Egyptians bringing in fish, and splitting for salting.

Egyptians bringing in fish, and splitting for salting.

The ancient [[river]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile Nile] was full of fish; fresh and dried fish were a staple food for much of the [[population]]. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptians Egyptians] had implements and [[methods]] for fishing and these are illustrated in [[tomb]] scenes, [[drawings]], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus papyrus] [[documents]]. Some [[representations]] hint at fishing being pursued as a pastime. In India, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandyas Pandyas], a classical [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dravidian_race Dravidian] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_people Tamil] kingdom, were known for the pearl fishery as early as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_BC 1st century BC]. Their seaport [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuticorin Tuticorin] was known for deep sea pearl fishing. The paravas, a Tamil caste centred in Tuticorin, developed a rich [[community]] because of their pearl trade, [[navigation]] [[knowledge]] and fisheries. Fishing scenes are rarely represented in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek ancient Greek] [[culture]], a [[reflection]] of the low [[social status]] of fishing. However, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppian Oppian of Corycus], a [[Greek]] [[author]] wrote a major treatise on sea fishing, the ''Halieulica'' or ''Halieutika'', composed between 177 and 180. This is the earliest such work to have survived to the modern day. Pictorial [[evidence]] of [[Roman]] fishing comes from [[mosaic]]s. The Greco-Roman sea god [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_(god) Neptune] is depicted as wielding a fishing trident. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moche Moche] people of ancient [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru Peru] depicted fisherman in their ceramics.[9]

The ancient [[river]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile Nile] was full of fish; fresh and dried fish were a staple food for much of the [[population]]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptians Egyptians] had implements and [[methods]] for fishing and these are illustrated in [[tomb]] scenes, [[drawings]], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus papyrus] [[documents]]. Some [[representations]] hint at fishing being pursued as a pastime. In India, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandyas Pandyas], a classical [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dravidian_race Dravidian] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_people Tamil] kingdom, were known for the pearl fishery as early as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_BC 1st century BC]. Their seaport [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuticorin Tuticorin] was known for deep sea pearl fishing. The paravas, a Tamil caste centred in Tuticorin, developed a rich [[community]] because of their pearl trade, [[navigation]] [[knowledge]] and fisheries. Fishing scenes are rarely represented in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek ancient Greek] [[culture]], a [[reflection]] of the low [[social status]] of fishing. However, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppian Oppian of Corycus], a [[Greek]] [[author]] wrote a major treatise on sea fishing, the ''Halieulica'' or ''Halieutika'', composed between 177 and 180. This is the earliest such work to have survived to the modern day. Pictorial [[evidence]] of [[Roman]] fishing comes from [[mosaic]]s. The Greco-Roman sea god [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_(god) Neptune] is depicted as wielding a fishing trident. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moche Moche] people of ancient [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru Peru] depicted fisherman in their ceramics.[9]

One of the world’s longest trading histories is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_trade trade of dry cod] from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofoten Lofoten] area of Norway to the southern parts of Europe, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The trade in cod started during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking Viking] period or before, has been going on for more than 1,000 years and is still important. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing]

One of the world’s longest trading histories is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_trade trade of dry cod] from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofoten Lofoten] area of Norway to the southern parts of Europe, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The trade in cod started during the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking Viking] period or before, has been going on for more than 1,000 years and is still important. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]