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'''Semiotics''', also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign [[process]]es (semiosis), or signification and [[communication]], signs and [[symbols]], both [[individual]]ly and grouped into sign [[system]]s. It includes the study of how [[meaning]] is constructed and understood.
'''Semiotics''', also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign [[process]]es (semiosis), or signification and [[communication]], signs and [[symbols]], both [[individual]]ly and grouped into sign [[system]]s. It includes the study of how [[meaning]] is constructed and understood.
*Pragmatics: Relation of signs to their impacts on those who use them.
*Pragmatics: Relation of signs to their impacts on those who use them.
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<center>For lessons on the ''somewhat'' related [[topic]] of "'''Signs'''", follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Signs '''''this link'''''].</center>
Semiotics is frequently seen as having important [[anthropological]] dimensions, for example [[Umberto Eco]] proposes that every cultural [[phenomenon]] can be studied as [[communication]]. However, some semioticians [[focus]] on the [[logic]]al [[dimensions]] of the [[science]]. They examine areas belonging also to the natural sciences - such as how [[organism]]s make predictions about, and adapt to, their semiotic niche in the world (see semiosis). In general, semiotic theories take signs or sign systems as their object of study: the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics or zoosemiosis.
Semiotics is frequently seen as having important [[anthropological]] dimensions, for example [[Umberto Eco]] proposes that every cultural [[phenomenon]] can be studied as [[communication]]. However, some semioticians [[focus]] on the [[logic]]al [[dimensions]] of the [[science]]. They examine areas belonging also to the natural sciences - such as how [[organism]]s make predictions about, and adapt to, their semiotic niche in the world (see semiosis). In general, semiotic theories take signs or sign systems as their object of study: the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics or zoosemiosis.
==History==
==History==
The importance of signs and signification has been recognized throughout much of the [[history]] of [[philosophy]], and in [[psychology]] as well. [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]] both explored the [[relationship]] between signs and the world, and [[Augustine]] considered the [[nature]] of the sign within a [[convention]]al [[system]]. These theories have had a lasting effect in Western philosophy, especially through Scholastic philosophy. More recently, Umberto Eco, in his Semiotics and philosophy of language, has argued that semiotic theories are implicit in the work of most, perhaps all, major thinkers.
The importance of signs and signification has been recognized throughout much of the [[history]] of [[philosophy]], and in [[psychology]] as well. [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]] both explored the [[relationship]] between signs and the world, and [[Augustine]] considered the [[nature]] of the sign within a [[convention]]al [[system]]. These theories have had a lasting effect in Western philosophy, especially through Scholastic philosophy. More recently, Umberto Eco, in his Semiotics and philosophy of language, has argued that semiotic theories are implicit in the work of most, perhaps all, major thinkers.
Early theorists in this area include Charles W. Morris.[7] Max Black attributes the work of Bertrand Russell as being seminal.[8][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics]
Early theorists in this area include Charles W. Morris.[7] Max Black attributes the work of Bertrand Russell as being seminal.[8][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics]
==References==
# The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: syntactics
# [1]
# A now-obsolete term for the art or profession of curing disease with (herbal) medicines or (chemical) drugs; especially purgatives or cathartics. Also, it specifically refers to the treatment of humans.
# That is, "thought out", "contrived", or "devised" (Oxford English Dictionary).
# Peirce, C.S., Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, vol. 2, paragraph 227.
# Peirce, C.S. (1902), "Logic, Considered as Semeiotic", Manuscript L75, Eprint, and, in particular, its "On the Definition of Logic" (Memoir 12), Eprint
# 1971, orig. 1938, Writings on the general theory of signs, Mouton, The Hague, The Netherlands
# 1944, Black M. The Philosophy of Bertrand Russell, Library of Living Philosophers, V5
==Further reading==
* [https://www.signosemio.com/ www.signosemio.com - Signo - Presents semiotic theories and theories closely related to semiotics]
* [https://www.semioticon.com/ Open Semiotics Resource Center]
* [https://www.chass.utoronto.ca/french/as-sa/index.html Applied Semiotics / Sémiotique appliquée]
* [https://www.percepp.com/semiosis.htm Language and the Origin of Semiosis]
* [https://www.communicology.org/ Communicology: The link between semiotics and phenomenological manifestations]
* [https://www.helsinki.fi/science/commens/dictionary.html The Commens Dictionary of Peirce's Terms]
* [https://www.cspeirce.com/ Arisbe, The Peirce Gateway]
* [https://www.glossematica.net/ Portal Louis Hjelmslev]
* [https://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/S4B/sem02.html Semiotics for Beginners]
* [https://pauillac.inria.fr/~codognet/web.html The Semiotics of the Web]
[[Category: Philosophy]]
[[Category: Philosophy]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]
