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'''Joan of Arc''' (French: Jeanne d'Arc;[1] ca. 1412[2] – 30 May 1431) is a national [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero heroine] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France France] and a Catholic saint. A peasant girl born in eastern France, she led the French army to several important victories during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War Hundred Years' Wa], claiming [[divine]] guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France Charles VII]. She was captured by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burgundy Burgundians], sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old.[3] Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not possibly afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_III Pope Callixtus III] reviewed the [[decision]] of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyr martyr].[3] She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920.[2] She is, along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux, one of the patron saints of France.

'''Joan of Arc''' (French: Jeanne d'Arc;[1] ca. 1412[2] – 30 May 1431) is a national [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero heroine] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France France] and a Catholic saint. A peasant girl born in eastern France, she led the French army to several important victories during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War Hundred Years' Wa], claiming [[divine]] guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France Charles VII]. She was captured by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burgundy Burgundians], sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old.[3] Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not possibly afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_III Pope Callixtus III] reviewed the [[decision]] of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyr martyr].[3] She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920.[2] She is, along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux, one of the patron saints of France.

Joan of Arc has remained an important figure in Western [[culture]]. From Napoleon to the present, French politicians of all leanings have invoked her [[memory]]. Major writers and composers who have created works about her include Shakespeare (Henry VI, Part 1), Voltaire (La Pucelle d'Orléans), Schiller (Die Jungfrau von Orléans ), Verdi (Giovanna d'Arco), Tchaikovsky (Орлеанская дева), Mark Twain (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), Jean Anouilh (L'Alouette), Bertolt Brecht (Die heilige Johanna der Schlachthöfe), George Bernard Shaw (Saint Joan), and Maxwell Anderson (Joan of Lorraine). Depictions of her continue in [[film]], television, video games, [[song]], and [[dance]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_arc]  

Joan of Arc has remained an important figure in Western [[culture]]. From Napoleon to the present, French politicians of all leanings have invoked her [[memory]]. Major writers and composers who have created works about her include Shakespeare (Henry VI, Part 1), Voltaire (La Pucelle d'Orléans), Schiller (Die Jungfrau von Orléans ), Verdi (Giovanna d'Arco), Tchaikovsky (Орлеанская дева), Mark Twain (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), Jean Anouilh (L'Alouette), Bertolt Brecht (Die heilige Johanna der Schlachthöfe), George Bernard Shaw (Saint Joan), and Maxwell Anderson (Joan of Lorraine). Depictions of her continue in [[film]], television, video games, [[song]], and [[dance]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_arc]  

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]