Changes

*1 : [[loyalty]] and [[devotion]] to a nation; especially : a sense of national [[consciousness]] exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its [[culture]] and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational [[groups]]

*1 : [[loyalty]] and [[devotion]] to a nation; especially : a sense of national [[consciousness]] exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its [[culture]] and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational [[groups]]

*2 : a nationalist [[movement]] or [[government]]

*2 : a nationalist [[movement]] or [[government]]

==Description==

==Description==

'''Nationalism''' involves a strong identification of [[society]] and the [[state]]. Often, it is the [[belief]] that an ethnic group has a right to statehood, or that [[citizenship]] in a state should be limited to one [[ethnic]] [[group]]. It can also include the [[belief]] that the [[state]] is of primary importance, or the [[belief]] that one state is [[naturally]] superior to all other states. It is also used to describe a [[movement]] to establish or protect a homeland (usually an [[autonomous]] state) for an ethnic group. In some cases the identification of a national [[culture]] is combined with a [[negative]] view of other [[races]] or [[cultures]]. Nationalism is sometimes reactionary, calling for a return to a national [[past]], and sometimes for the expulsion of foreigners. Other [[forms]] of nationalism are revolutionary, calling for the [[establishment]] of an [[independent]] [[state]] as a homeland for an ethnic underclass.

'''Nationalism''' involves a strong identification of [[society]] and the [[state]]. Often, it is the [[belief]] that an ethnic group has a right to statehood, or that [[citizenship]] in a state should be limited to one [[ethnic]] [[group]]. It can also include the [[belief]] that the [[state]] is of primary importance, or the [[belief]] that one state is [[naturally]] superior to all other states. It is also used to describe a [[movement]] to establish or protect a homeland (usually an [[autonomous]] state) for an ethnic group. In some cases the identification of a national [[culture]] is combined with a [[negative]] view of other [[races]] or [[cultures]]. Nationalism is sometimes reactionary, calling for a return to a national [[past]], and sometimes for the expulsion of foreigners. Other [[forms]] of nationalism are revolutionary, calling for the [[establishment]] of an [[independent]] [[state]] as a homeland for an ethnic underclass.

National flags, national anthems, and other [[symbols]] of national [[identity]] are often considered [[sacred]], as if they were [[religious]] rather than [[political]] [[symbols]]. Deep [[emotions]] are aroused. Gellner and Breuilly, in ''Nations and Nationalism'', [[contrast]] nationalism and patriotism. "If the nobler [[word]] 'patriotism' then replaced 'civic/Western nationalism', nationalism as a [[phenomenon]] had ceased to exist."

National flags, national anthems, and other [[symbols]] of national [[identity]] are often considered [[sacred]], as if they were [[religious]] rather than [[political]] [[symbols]]. Deep [[emotions]] are aroused. Gellner and Breuilly, in ''Nations and Nationalism'', [[contrast]] nationalism and patriotism. "If the nobler [[word]] 'patriotism' then replaced 'civic/Western nationalism', nationalism as a [[phenomenon]] had ceased to exist."

 

Before the [[development]] of nationalism, people were generally [[loyal]] to a city or to a particular [[leader]] rather than to their nation. Encyclopedia Britannica identifies the movement's [[genesis]] with the late-18th century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution American Revolution] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution French Revolution]; other historians point specifically to the ultra-nationalist party in France during the French Revolution.

Before the [[development]] of nationalism, people were generally [[loyal]] to a city or to a particular [[leader]] rather than to their nation. Encyclopedia Britannica identifies the movement's [[genesis]] with the late-18th century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution American Revolution] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution French Revolution]; other historians point specifically to the ultra-nationalist party in France during the French Revolution.