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| [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Brainstorming.jpg|right|frame]] | | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Brainstorming.jpg|right|frame]] |
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− | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953 1953] | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953 1953] |
| ==Definition== | | ==Definition== |
| *1:a [[group]] [[problem-solving]] [[technique]] that involves the [[spontaneous]] contribution of [[ideas]] from all members of the group; also : the mulling over of ideas by one or more [[individuals]] in an attempt to devise or find a solution to a problem | | *1:a [[group]] [[problem-solving]] [[technique]] that involves the [[spontaneous]] contribution of [[ideas]] from all members of the group; also : the mulling over of ideas by one or more [[individuals]] in an attempt to devise or find a solution to a problem |
| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
− | '''Brainstorming''' is a [[group]] or [[individual]] creativity [[technique]] by which efforts are made to find a [[conclusion]] for a specific [[problem]] by gathering a list of ideas [[spontaneously]] contributed by its member(s). The term was popularized by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Faickney_Osborn Alex Faickney Osborn] in the 1953 book ''Applied Imagination''. Osborn claimed that brainstorming was more effective than [[individuals]] working alone in generating ideas, although more recent [[research]] has questioned this conclusion. Today, the term is used as a catch all for all group ideation sessions. | + | '''Brainstorming''' is a [[group]] or [[individual]] creativity [[technique]] by which efforts are made to find a [[conclusion]] for a specific [[problem]] by gathering a list of ideas [[spontaneously]] contributed by its member(s). The term was popularized by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Faickney_Osborn Alex Faickney Osborn] in the 1953 book ''Applied Imagination''. Osborn claimed that brainstorming was more effective than [[individuals]] working alone in generating ideas, although more recent [[research]] has questioned this conclusion. Today, the term is used as a catch all for all group ideation sessions. |
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− | "Individual brainstorming" is the use of brainstorming in [[solitary]]. It typically includes such [[techniques]] as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_writing free writing], free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing creative writing] and has been shown to be superior to [[traditional]] group brainstorming. | + | "Individual brainstorming" is the use of brainstorming in [[solitary]]. It typically includes such [[techniques]] as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_writing free writing], free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing creative writing] and has been shown to be superior to [[traditional]] group brainstorming. |
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| Research has shown individual brainstorming to be more [[effective]] in idea-generation than group brainstorming. | | Research has shown individual brainstorming to be more [[effective]] in idea-generation than group brainstorming. |
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| Some [[research]] indicates that incentives can augment [[creative]] processes. Participants were divided into three conditions. In Condition I, a flat fee was paid to all participants. In the Condition II, participants were awarded points for every [[unique]] [[idea]] of their own, and subjects were paid for the points that they [[earned]]. In Condition III, subjects were paid based on the [[impact]] that their idea had on the group; this was measured by counting the number of group ideas derived from the specific subject's ideas. Condition III outperformed Condition II, and Condition II outperformed Condition I at a statistically significant level for most measures. The results [[demonstrated]] that participants were willing to work far longer to achieve [[unique]] results in the [[expectation]] of compensation. | | Some [[research]] indicates that incentives can augment [[creative]] processes. Participants were divided into three conditions. In Condition I, a flat fee was paid to all participants. In the Condition II, participants were awarded points for every [[unique]] [[idea]] of their own, and subjects were paid for the points that they [[earned]]. In Condition III, subjects were paid based on the [[impact]] that their idea had on the group; this was measured by counting the number of group ideas derived from the specific subject's ideas. Condition III outperformed Condition II, and Condition II outperformed Condition I at a statistically significant level for most measures. The results [[demonstrated]] that participants were willing to work far longer to achieve [[unique]] results in the [[expectation]] of compensation. |
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− | Some [[research]] claims to refute Osborn's claim that [[group]] brainstorming could generate more [[ideas]] than individuals working alone. Research from Michael Diehl and Wolfgang Stroebe demonstrated that groups brainstorming [[together]] produce fewer ideas than [[individuals]] working separately. Their [[conclusions]] were based on a review of 22 other studies, 18 of which corroborated their findings.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming] | + | Some [[research]] claims to refute Osborn's claim that [[group]] brainstorming could generate more [[ideas]] than individuals working alone. Research from Michael Diehl and Wolfgang Stroebe demonstrated that groups brainstorming [[together]] produce fewer ideas than [[individuals]] working separately. Their [[conclusions]] were based on a review of 22 other studies, 18 of which corroborated their findings.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming] |
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| [[Category: Psychology]] | | [[Category: Psychology]] |