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41:6.1 In deciphering [[spectral]] [[phenomena]], it should be remembered that [[space]] is not empty; that [[light]], in traversing space, is sometimes slightly modified by the various [[forms]] of [[energy]] and [[matter]] which [[circulate]] in all [[Grand Universe|organized space]]. Some of the lines indicating [[unknown]] [[matter]] which appear in the spectra of your [[sun]] are due to modifications of well-known [[elements]] which are floating throughout [[space]] in shattered form, the atomic casualties of the fierce encounters of the [[solar]] elemental battles. Space is pervaded by these wandering derelicts, especially [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium sodium] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDPmajorelements.png calcium].

41:6.1 In deciphering [[spectral]] [[phenomena]], it should be remembered that [[space]] is not empty; that [[light]], in traversing space, is sometimes slightly modified by the various [[forms]] of [[energy]] and [[matter]] which [[circulate]] in all [[Grand Universe|organized space]]. Some of the lines indicating [[unknown]] [[matter]] which appear in the spectra of your [[sun]] are due to modifications of well-known [[elements]] which are floating throughout [[space]] in shattered form, the atomic casualties of the fierce encounters of the [[solar]] elemental battles. Space is pervaded by these wandering derelicts, especially [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium sodium] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDPmajorelements.png calcium].

41:6.2 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium Calcium] is, in [[fact]], the chief [[element]] of the [[matter]]-permeation of [[space]] throughout [[Orvonton]]. Our whole [[superuniverse]] is sprinkled with minutely pulverized stone. Stone is [[literally]] the basic building [[matter]] for the [[planets]] and [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_15#15:6._THE_SPHERES_OF_SPACE spheres of space]. The [[cosmic]] cloud, the great [[space]] blanket, consists for the most part of the modified [[atoms]] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium]. The stone atom is one of the most prevalent and persistent of the [[elements]]. It not only endures solar ionization—splitting—but [[persists]] in an associative [[identity]] even after it has been battered by the destructive [[X rays]] and shattered by the high [[solar]] [[temperatures]]. Calcium [[possesses]] an [[individuality]] and a longevity excelling all of the more common [[forms]] of [[matter]].

41:6.2 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium Calcium] is, in [[fact]], the chief [[element]] of the [[matter]]-permeation of [[space]] throughout [[Orvonton]]. Our whole [[superuniverse]] is sprinkled with minutely pulverized stone. Stone is [[literally]] the basic building [[matter]] for the [[planets]] and [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_15#15:6._THE_SPHERES_OF_SPACE spheres of space]. The [[cosmic]] cloud, the great [[space]] blanket, consists for the most part of the modified [[atoms]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium]. The stone atom is one of the most prevalent and persistent of the [[elements]]. It not only endures solar ionization—splitting—but [[persists]] in an associative [[identity]] even after it has been battered by the destructive [[X rays]] and shattered by the high [[solar]] [[temperatures]]. Calcium [[possesses]] an [[individuality]] and a longevity excelling all of the more common [[forms]] of [[matter]].

41:6.3 As your [[physicists]] have suspected, these mutilated remnants of [[solar]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] [[literally]] ride the [[light]] beams for varied distances, and thus their widespread [[dissemination]] throughout [[space]] is tremendously [[facilitated]]. The sodium atom, under certain modifications, is also capable of [[light]] and [[energy]] locomotion. The calcium feat is all the more remarkable since this element has almost twice the [[mass]] of sodium. Local space-permeation by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] is due to the [[fact]] that it escapes from the solar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosphere photosphere], in modified [[form]], by [[literally]] riding the outgoing sunbeams. Of all the solar elements, calcium, notwithstanding its comparative bulk—containing as it does [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Electron_shell_020_Calcium.svg twenty revolving electrons]—is the most successful in escaping from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Core solar interior] to the realms of [[space]]. This explains why there is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] layer, a [[gaseous]] stone [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Photosphere surface, on the sun] six thousand miles thick; and this despite the [[fact]] that nineteen lighter elements, and numerous heavier ones, are underneath.

41:6.3 As your [[physicists]] have suspected, these mutilated remnants of [[solar]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] [[literally]] ride the [[light]] beams for varied distances, and thus their widespread [[dissemination]] throughout [[space]] is tremendously [[facilitated]]. The sodium atom, under certain modifications, is also capable of [[light]] and [[energy]] locomotion. The calcium feat is all the more remarkable since this element has almost twice the [[mass]] of sodium. Local space-permeation by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] is due to the [[fact]] that it escapes from the solar [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosphere photosphere], in modified [[form]], by [[literally]] riding the outgoing sunbeams. Of all the solar elements, calcium, notwithstanding its comparative bulk—containing as it does [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Electron_shell_020_Calcium.svg twenty revolving electrons]—is the most successful in escaping from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Core solar interior] to the realms of [[space]]. This explains why there is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] layer, a [[gaseous]] stone [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Photosphere surface, on the sun] six thousand miles thick; and this despite the [[fact]] that nineteen lighter elements, and numerous heavier ones, are underneath.

41:6.4 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium Calcium] is an [[active]] and [[versatile]] [[element]] at solar [[temperatures]]. The stone [[atom]] has two agile and loosely attached [[electrons]] in the two outer electronic [[circuits]], which are very close together. Early in the [[atomic]] struggle it loses its outer [[electron]]; whereupon it engages in a masterful [[act]] of [[juggling]] the nineteenth electron back and forth between the nineteenth and twentieth circuits of electronic [[revolution]]. By tossing this nineteenth electron back and forth between its own [[orbit]] and that of its lost companion more than twenty-five thousand times a second, a mutilated stone atom is able partially to defy [[gravity]] and thus successfully to ride the emerging streams of [[light]] and [[energy]], the sunbeams, to [[liberty]] and [[adventure]]. This [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] [[atom]] moves outward by alternate jerks of forward [[propulsion]], grasping and letting go the sunbeam about twenty-five thousand times each second. And this is why stone is the chief component of the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_15#15:6._THE_SPHERES_OF_SPACE worlds of space]. Calcium is the most expert solar-prison escaper.

41:6.4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium Calcium] is an [[active]] and [[versatile]] [[element]] at solar [[temperatures]]. The stone [[atom]] has two agile and loosely attached [[electrons]] in the two outer electronic [[circuits]], which are very close together. Early in the [[atomic]] struggle it loses its outer [[electron]]; whereupon it engages in a masterful [[act]] of [[juggling]] the nineteenth electron back and forth between the nineteenth and twentieth circuits of electronic [[revolution]]. By tossing this nineteenth electron back and forth between its own [[orbit]] and that of its lost companion more than twenty-five thousand times a second, a mutilated stone atom is able partially to defy [[gravity]] and thus successfully to ride the emerging streams of [[light]] and [[energy]], the sunbeams, to [[liberty]] and [[adventure]]. This [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium] [[atom]] moves outward by alternate jerks of forward [[propulsion]], grasping and letting go the sunbeam about twenty-five thousand times each second. And this is why stone is the chief component of the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_15#15:6._THE_SPHERES_OF_SPACE worlds of space]. Calcium is the most expert solar-prison escaper.

41:6.5 The [[agility]] of this acrobatic calcium [[electron]] is indicated by the [[fact]] that, when tossed by the [[temperature]]-[[X-ray]] solar forces to the [[circle]] of the higher [[orbit]], it only remains in that orbit for about one one-millionth of a second; but before the [[electric]]-[[gravity]] [[power]] of the [[atomic]] [[nucleus]] pulls it back into its old orbit, it is able to complete one million [[revolutions]] about the atomic [[center]].

41:6.5 The [[agility]] of this acrobatic calcium [[electron]] is indicated by the [[fact]] that, when tossed by the [[temperature]]-[[X-ray]] solar forces to the [[circle]] of the higher [[orbit]], it only remains in that orbit for about one one-millionth of a second; but before the [[electric]]-[[gravity]] [[power]] of the [[atomic]] [[nucleus]] pulls it back into its old orbit, it is able to complete one million [[revolutions]] about the atomic [[center]].

41:6.6 Your [[sun]] has parted with an enormous [[quantity]] of its [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium], having lost tremendous amounts during the times of its convulsive [[eruptions]] in [[connection]] with the formation of the [[solar system]]. Much of the solar calcium is now in the outer crust of the [[sun]].

41:6.6 Your [[sun]] has parted with an enormous [[quantity]] of its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium calcium], having lost tremendous amounts during the times of its convulsive [[eruptions]] in [[connection]] with the formation of the [[solar system]]. Much of the solar calcium is now in the outer crust of the [[sun]].

41:6.7 It should be remembered that [[spectral]] [[analyses]] show only [[sun]]-[[surface]] [[composition]]s. For example: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Chemical_composition Solar spectra exhibit many iron lines], but iron is not the chief element in the sun. This [[phenomenon]] is almost wholly due to the present [[temperature]] of the sun's [[surface]], a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Photosphere little less than 6,000 degrees], this [[temperature]] being very favorable to the registry of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron iron] [[spectrum]].

41:6.7 It should be remembered that [[spectral]] [[analyses]] show only [[sun]]-[[surface]] [[composition]]s. For example: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Chemical_composition Solar spectra exhibit many iron lines], but iron is not the chief element in the sun. This [[phenomenon]] is almost wholly due to the present [[temperature]] of the sun's [[surface]], a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#Photosphere little less than 6,000 degrees], this [[temperature]] being very favorable to the registry of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron iron] [[spectrum]].

<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_41 Go to Paper 41]</center>

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_41 Go to Paper 41]</center>

<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>

[[Category:Paper 41 - Physical Aspects of the Local Universe]]

[[Category:Paper 41 - Physical Aspects of the Local Universe]]

[[Category: Astronomy/TeaM]]

[[Category: Astronomy/TeaM]]

[[Category: Physics/TeaM]]

[[Category: Physics/TeaM]]