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'''Analogy''' is both the cognitive process of transferring [[information]] from a particular subject (the analogue or source) to another particular subject (the target), and a [[language|linguistic]] expression corresponding to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is an [[inference]] or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, induction, and abduction, where at least one of the premises or the conclusion is general. The word ''analogy'' can also refer to the relation between the source and the target themselves, which is often, though not necessarily, a similarity, as in the biological notion of analogy.
'''Analogy''' is both the cognitive process of transferring [[information]] from a particular subject (the analogue or source) to another particular subject (the target), and a [[language|linguistic]] expression corresponding to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is an [[inference]] or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, induction, and abduction, where at least one of the premises or the conclusion is general. The word ''analogy'' can also refer to the relation between the source and the target themselves, which is often, though not necessarily, a similarity, as in the biological notion of analogy.
Analogy has been studied and discussed since [[classical antiquity]] by philosophers, scientists and [[law]]yers. The last few decades have shown a renewed interest in analogy, most notable in [[cognitive science]].
Analogy has been studied and discussed since [[classical antiquity]] by philosophers, scientists and [[law]]yers. The last few decades have shown a renewed interest in analogy, most notable in [[cognitive science]].
==Etymology==
Fr. analogue, f. Gr. {alenis}{nu}{gaacu}{lambda}{omicron}{gamma}-{omicron}{nu} ANALOGON, which was in earlier use.]
*An analogous word or thing; a representative in different circumstances or situation; something performing a corresponding part.
[[Image:Analogydateline.jpg|center|frame]]
==Usage of the terms ''source'' and ''target''==
==Usage of the terms ''source'' and ''target''==
With respect to the terms ''source'' and ''target'' there are two distinct traditions of usage:
With respect to the terms ''source'' and ''target'' there are two distinct traditions of usage:
