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[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Brainstorming.jpg|right|frame]]

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*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953 1953]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953 1953]

==Definition==

==Definition==

*1:a [[group]] [[problem-solving]] [[technique]] that involves the [[spontaneous]] contribution of [[ideas]] from all members of the group; also : the mulling over of ideas by one or more [[individuals]] in an attempt to devise or find a solution to a problem  

*1:a [[group]] [[problem-solving]] [[technique]] that involves the [[spontaneous]] contribution of [[ideas]] from all members of the group; also : the mulling over of ideas by one or more [[individuals]] in an attempt to devise or find a solution to a problem  

==Description==

==Description==

'''Brainstorming''' is a [[group]] or [[individual]] creativity [[technique]] by which efforts are made to find a [[conclusion]] for a specific [[problem]] by gathering a list of ideas [[spontaneously]] contributed by its member(s). The term was popularized by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Faickney_Osborn Alex Faickney Osborn] in the 1953 book ''Applied Imagination''. Osborn claimed that brainstorming was more effective than [[individuals]] working alone in generating ideas, although more recent [[research]] has questioned this conclusion. Today, the term is used as a catch all for all group ideation sessions.

'''Brainstorming''' is a [[group]] or [[individual]] creativity [[technique]] by which efforts are made to find a [[conclusion]] for a specific [[problem]] by gathering a list of ideas [[spontaneously]] contributed by its member(s). The term was popularized by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Faickney_Osborn Alex Faickney Osborn] in the 1953 book ''Applied Imagination''. Osborn claimed that brainstorming was more effective than [[individuals]] working alone in generating ideas, although more recent [[research]] has questioned this conclusion. Today, the term is used as a catch all for all group ideation sessions.

"Individual brainstorming" is the use of brainstorming in [[solitary]]. It typically includes such [[techniques]] as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_writing free writing], free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing creative writing] and has been shown to be superior to [[traditional]] group brainstorming.

"Individual brainstorming" is the use of brainstorming in [[solitary]]. It typically includes such [[techniques]] as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_writing free writing], free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing creative writing] and has been shown to be superior to [[traditional]] group brainstorming.

Research has shown individual brainstorming to be more [[effective]] in idea-generation than group brainstorming.

Research has shown individual brainstorming to be more [[effective]] in idea-generation than group brainstorming.

Some [[research]] indicates that incentives can augment [[creative]] processes. Participants were divided into three conditions. In Condition I, a flat fee was paid to all participants. In the Condition II, participants were awarded points for every [[unique]] [[idea]] of their own, and subjects were paid for the points that they [[earned]]. In Condition III, subjects were paid based on the [[impact]] that their idea had on the group; this was measured by counting the number of group ideas derived from the specific subject's ideas. Condition III outperformed Condition II, and Condition II outperformed Condition I at a statistically significant level for most measures. The results [[demonstrated]] that participants were willing to work far longer to achieve [[unique]] results in the [[expectation]] of compensation.

Some [[research]] indicates that incentives can augment [[creative]] processes. Participants were divided into three conditions. In Condition I, a flat fee was paid to all participants. In the Condition II, participants were awarded points for every [[unique]] [[idea]] of their own, and subjects were paid for the points that they [[earned]]. In Condition III, subjects were paid based on the [[impact]] that their idea had on the group; this was measured by counting the number of group ideas derived from the specific subject's ideas. Condition III outperformed Condition II, and Condition II outperformed Condition I at a statistically significant level for most measures. The results [[demonstrated]] that participants were willing to work far longer to achieve [[unique]] results in the [[expectation]] of compensation.

Some [[research]] claims to refute Osborn's claim that [[group]] brainstorming could generate more [[ideas]] than individuals working alone.  Research from Michael Diehl and Wolfgang Stroebe demonstrated that groups brainstorming [[together]] produce fewer ideas than [[individuals]] working separately. Their [[conclusions]] were based on a review of 22 other studies, 18 of which corroborated their findings.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming]

Some [[research]] claims to refute Osborn's claim that [[group]] brainstorming could generate more [[ideas]] than individuals working alone.  Research from Michael Diehl and Wolfgang Stroebe demonstrated that groups brainstorming [[together]] produce fewer ideas than [[individuals]] working separately. Their [[conclusions]] were based on a review of 22 other studies, 18 of which corroborated their findings.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorming]

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]