Difference between revisions of "Brigand"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| − | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] brigaunt, from Middle French brigand, from Old Italian brigante, from brigare to fight, from briga strife, of [ | + | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] brigaunt, from Middle French brigand, from Old Italian brigante, from brigare to fight, from briga strife, of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic Celtic] [[origin]]; akin to Old Irish bríg [[strength]] |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century] |
The brigand is supposed to derive his [[name]] from the Old French brigan, which is a form of the Italian brigante, an irregular or partisan [[soldier]]. There can be no [[doubt]] as to the [[origin]] of the word bandit, which has the same [[meaning]]. In Italy, which is not unjustly considered the [[home]] of the most accomplished European brigands, a bandito was a man declared outlaw by [[proclamation]], or bando, called in Scotland "a decree of horning" because it was delivered by a blast of a horn at the town cross. | The brigand is supposed to derive his [[name]] from the Old French brigan, which is a form of the Italian brigante, an irregular or partisan [[soldier]]. There can be no [[doubt]] as to the [[origin]] of the word bandit, which has the same [[meaning]]. In Italy, which is not unjustly considered the [[home]] of the most accomplished European brigands, a bandito was a man declared outlaw by [[proclamation]], or bando, called in Scotland "a decree of horning" because it was delivered by a blast of a horn at the town cross. | ||
The brigand, therefore, is the outlaw who conducts [[warfare]] after the [[manner]] of an irregular or partisan soldier by skirmishes and [[surprises]], who makes the [[war]] [[support]] itself by plunder, by extorting blackmail, by capturing prisoners and holding them to ransom, who enforces his demands by [[violence]], and [[kill]]s the prisoners who cannot pay | The brigand, therefore, is the outlaw who conducts [[warfare]] after the [[manner]] of an irregular or partisan soldier by skirmishes and [[surprises]], who makes the [[war]] [[support]] itself by plunder, by extorting blackmail, by capturing prisoners and holding them to ransom, who enforces his demands by [[violence]], and [[kill]]s the prisoners who cannot pay | ||
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
| − | *1: : one who lives by [ | + | *1: : one who lives by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunder plunder] usually as a member of a band : bandit |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | Brigandage refers to the life and [[practice]] of '''brigands''': highway robbery and plunder, and a brigand a [[person]] who usually lives in a gang and lives by pillage and robbery. Brigandage may be, and not infrequently has been, the last [[resource]] of a people subject to [[invasion]]. The Calabrians who fought for [ | + | Brigandage refers to the life and [[practice]] of '''brigands''': highway robbery and plunder, and a brigand a [[person]] who usually lives in a gang and lives by pillage and robbery. Brigandage may be, and not infrequently has been, the last [[resource]] of a people subject to [[invasion]]. The Calabrians who fought for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies], and the Spanish irregular levies, which maintained the national resistance against the French from 1808 to 1814, were called brigands by their enemies.[3] |
| − | In the [ | + | In the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkans Balkan peninsula], under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire Ottoman rule], the brigands (called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klepht klephts] by the Greeks and hayduks or haydutzi by the Slavs) had some claim to believe themselves the representatives of their people against oppressors. The only approach to an attempt to maintain order was the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_arms permission given to part of the population to carry arms] in order to repress the klephts. They were hence called armatoli. As a matter of fact the armatole were rather the allies than the enemies of the klephts.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigand] |
[[Category: Law]] | [[Category: Law]] | ||
[[Category: History]] | [[Category: History]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:43, 12 December 2020
Origin
Middle English brigaunt, from Middle French brigand, from Old Italian brigante, from brigare to fight, from briga strife, of Celtic origin; akin to Old Irish bríg strength
The brigand is supposed to derive his name from the Old French brigan, which is a form of the Italian brigante, an irregular or partisan soldier. There can be no doubt as to the origin of the word bandit, which has the same meaning. In Italy, which is not unjustly considered the home of the most accomplished European brigands, a bandito was a man declared outlaw by proclamation, or bando, called in Scotland "a decree of horning" because it was delivered by a blast of a horn at the town cross.
The brigand, therefore, is the outlaw who conducts warfare after the manner of an irregular or partisan soldier by skirmishes and surprises, who makes the war support itself by plunder, by extorting blackmail, by capturing prisoners and holding them to ransom, who enforces his demands by violence, and kills the prisoners who cannot pay
Definitions
- 1: : one who lives by plunder usually as a member of a band : bandit
Description
Brigandage refers to the life and practice of brigands: highway robbery and plunder, and a brigand a person who usually lives in a gang and lives by pillage and robbery. Brigandage may be, and not infrequently has been, the last resource of a people subject to invasion. The Calabrians who fought for Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, and the Spanish irregular levies, which maintained the national resistance against the French from 1808 to 1814, were called brigands by their enemies.[3]
In the Balkan peninsula, under Ottoman rule, the brigands (called klephts by the Greeks and hayduks or haydutzi by the Slavs) had some claim to believe themselves the representatives of their people against oppressors. The only approach to an attempt to maintain order was the permission given to part of the population to carry arms in order to repress the klephts. They were hence called armatoli. As a matter of fact the armatole were rather the allies than the enemies of the klephts.[1]
