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The [[convergence]] of [[political]] and [[economic]] or [[cultural]] [[power]] is by no means [[universal]]. Traditional capitals may be [[economically]] [[eclipsed]] by provincial rivals, as occurred with Nanjing by [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai Shanghai]. The decline of a dynasty or [[culture]] could also mean the extinction of its capital city, as occurred with [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylon Babylon] and Cahokia. Many present-day capital cities, such as [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi New Delhi], Abuja, Ankara, Brasília, Canberra, Astana, Islamabad, Ottawa and Washington, D.C. are [[planned]] cities that were built as an alternative to the seat of [[government]] residing in an [[established]] [[population]] centre for various reasons. In many cases in their own right they have become [[gradually]] [[established]] as new [[business]] or commercial centres.
The [[convergence]] of [[political]] and [[economic]] or [[cultural]] [[power]] is by no means [[universal]]. Traditional capitals may be [[economically]] [[eclipsed]] by provincial rivals, as occurred with Nanjing by [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai Shanghai]. The decline of a dynasty or [[culture]] could also mean the extinction of its capital city, as occurred with [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylon Babylon] and Cahokia. Many present-day capital cities, such as [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi New Delhi], Abuja, Ankara, Brasília, Canberra, Astana, Islamabad, Ottawa and Washington, D.C. are [[planned]] cities that were built as an alternative to the seat of [[government]] residing in an [[established]] [[population]] centre for various reasons. In many cases in their own right they have become [[gradually]] [[established]] as new [[business]] or commercial centres.
==Economics==
In [[economics]], '''capital''', capital [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_(economics) goods], or real capital are [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factors_of_production factors of production] used to create goods or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_(economics) services] that are not themselves significantly consumed (though they may depreciate) in the production [[process]]. Capital goods may be acquired with [[money]] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_capital financial capital].
In [[finance]] and accounting, capital generally refers to saved-up financial [[wealth]], especially that used to start or [[maintain]] a [[business]]. A financial [[concept]] of capital is adopted by most [[entities]] in preparing their financial reports. Under a financial [[concept]] of capital, such as invested [[money]] or invested purchasing [[power]], capital is synonymous with the net [[assets]] or [[equity]] of the entity. Under a [[physical]] concept of capital, such as operating capability, capital is regarded as the productive [[capacity]] of the entity based on, for example, [[units]] of output per day. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_capital Financial capital] [[maintenance]] can be [[measured]] in either nominal monetary units or units of constant purchasing [[power]]. There are thus [[three]] [[concepts]] of capital maintenance in terms of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Financial_Reporting_Standards International Financial Reporting Standards] (IFRS): (1) [[Physical]] capital maintenance (2) [[Financial]] capital maintenance in nominal [[monetary]] units (3) Financial capital maintenance in units of constant purchasing [[power]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%28economics%29]
[[Category: Geography]]
[[Category: Geography]]
[[Category: Economics]]
