Difference between revisions of "Conviction"
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[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Conviction_of_jefferson200.jpg|right|frame]] | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Conviction_of_jefferson200.jpg|right|frame]] | ||
| − | *Date: [ | + | *Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Century 15th century] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
*1 : the [[act]] or [[process]] of convicting of a crime especially in a [[court]] of [[law]] | *1 : the [[act]] or [[process]] of convicting of a crime especially in a [[court]] of [[law]] | ||
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In [[law]], a '''conviction''' is the [[verdict]] that results when a [[court]] of [[law]] finds a defendant [[guilty]] of a [[crime]]. | In [[law]], a '''conviction''' is the [[verdict]] that results when a [[court]] of [[law]] finds a defendant [[guilty]] of a [[crime]]. | ||
| − | The [[opposite]] of a conviction is an [[acquittal]] (i.e. "not [[guilty]]"). In Scotland and in the Netherlands, there can also be a verdict of "[ | + | The [[opposite]] of a conviction is an [[acquittal]] (i.e. "not [[guilty]]"). In Scotland and in the Netherlands, there can also be a verdict of "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Not_proven not proven]", which counts as an [[acquittal]]. There are also cases where the [[court]] orders that a defendant not be convicted, despite [[being]] found [[guilty]]. |
| − | For a host of [[reasons]], the [ | + | For a host of [[reasons]], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_justice criminal justice] system is not [[perfect]], and sometimes [[guilty]] defendants are [[acquitted]], while [[innocent]] people are convicted. [[Appeal]] [[mechanisms]] mitigate this [[problem]] to some extent. An [[error]] which results in the conviction of an [[innocent]] [[person]] is known as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miscarriage_of_justice miscarriage of justice]. |
| − | After a defendant is convicted, the [[court]] determines the appropriate sentence as a [ | + | After a defendant is convicted, the [[court]] determines the appropriate sentence as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment punishment]. Furthermore, the conviction may lead to results beyond the terms of the sentence itself. Such ramifications are known as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collateral_consequences_of_criminal_charges collateral consequences of criminal charges]. |
A minor conviction is considered, in a [[term]], a [[warning]] conviction, and it doesn't affect the defendant, but does serve as a warning. | A minor conviction is considered, in a [[term]], a [[warning]] conviction, and it doesn't affect the defendant, but does serve as a warning. | ||
| − | A [[history]] of convictions are called [ | + | A [[history]] of convictions are called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antecedent_(law) antecedents], known colloquially as "previous" in the United Kingdom, and "priors" in the United States and Australia. |
The history of convictions also shows that a minor law conviction can be prosecuted as any [[individuals]] punishment. | The history of convictions also shows that a minor law conviction can be prosecuted as any [[individuals]] punishment. | ||
Latest revision as of 23:42, 12 December 2020
- Date: 15th century
Definitions
82 a : the act of convincing a person of error or of compelling the admission of a truth
- b : the state of being convinced of error or compelled to admit the truth
- 3 a : a strong persuasion or belief
- b : the state of being convinced
Synonyms
Description
In law, a conviction is the verdict that results when a court of law finds a defendant guilty of a crime.
The opposite of a conviction is an acquittal (i.e. "not guilty"). In Scotland and in the Netherlands, there can also be a verdict of "not proven", which counts as an acquittal. There are also cases where the court orders that a defendant not be convicted, despite being found guilty.
For a host of reasons, the criminal justice system is not perfect, and sometimes guilty defendants are acquitted, while innocent people are convicted. Appeal mechanisms mitigate this problem to some extent. An error which results in the conviction of an innocent person is known as a miscarriage of justice.
After a defendant is convicted, the court determines the appropriate sentence as a punishment. Furthermore, the conviction may lead to results beyond the terms of the sentence itself. Such ramifications are known as the collateral consequences of criminal charges.
A minor conviction is considered, in a term, a warning conviction, and it doesn't affect the defendant, but does serve as a warning.
A history of convictions are called antecedents, known colloquially as "previous" in the United Kingdom, and "priors" in the United States and Australia.
The history of convictions also shows that a minor law conviction can be prosecuted as any individuals punishment.
