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In [[linguistics]], a ''corpus'' (plural '''corpora''') or textcorpora) or text corpus is a large and structured set of texts (now usually electronically stored and processed). They are used to do statistical analysis, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules on a specific universe.

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In [[linguistics]], a corpus (plural corpora) or textcorpora) or text corpus is a large and structured set of texts (now usually electronically stored and processed). They are used to do statistical analysis, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules on a specific universe.

A corpus may contain texts in a single language (monolingual corpus) or text data in multiple languages (multilingual corpus). Multilingual corpora that have been specially formatted for side-by-side comparison are called aligned parallel corpora.

A corpus may contain texts in a single language (monolingual corpus) or text data in multiple languages (multilingual corpus). Multilingual corpora that have been specially formatted for side-by-side comparison are called aligned parallel corpora.

In order to make the corpora more useful for doing linguistic research, they are often subjected to a process known as [[annotation]]. An example of annotating a corpus is [[part-of-speech]] tagging, or POS-tagging, in which information about each word's part of speech (verb, noun, adjective, etc.) is added to the corpus in the form of tags. Another example is indicating the [[lemma]] (base) form of each word. When the language of the corpus is not a working language of the researchers who use it, interlinear glossing is usedto make the annotation bilingual.

In order to make the corpora more useful for doing linguistic research, they are often subjected to a process known as [[annotation]]. An example of annotating a corpus is [[part-of-speech]] tagging, or POS-tagging, in which information about each word's part of speech (verb, noun, adjective, etc.) is added to the corpus in the form of tags. Another example is indicating the [[lemma]] (base) form of each word. When the language of the corpus is not a working language of the researchers who use it, interlinear glossing is usedto make the annotation bilingual.

Corpora are the main knowledge base in corpus linguistics. The analysis and processing of various types of corpora are also the subject of much work in [[computational linguistics]], [[speech recognition]] and [[machine translation]], where they are often used to create hidden [[Markov]] models for POS-tagging and other purposes. Corpora and frequency lists derived from them are useful for language teaching.

Corpora are the main knowledge base in corpus linguistics. The analysis and processing of various types of corpora are also the subject of much work in [[computational linguistics]], [[speech recognition]] and [[machine translation]], where they are often used to create hidden [[Markov]] models for POS-tagging and other purposes. Corpora and frequency lists derived from them are useful for language teaching.

== Archaeological corpora ==

== Archaeological corpora ==

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]