Changes

'''Discipline''' refers to systematic instruction given to a [[disciple]]. This sense also preserves the origin of the word, which is [[Latin]] ''disciplina'' "instruction", from the root ''discere'' "to learn," and from which ''discipulus'' "disciple, pupil" also derives.

'''Discipline''' refers to systematic instruction given to a [[disciple]]. This sense also preserves the origin of the word, which is [[Latin]] ''disciplina'' "instruction", from the root ''discere'' "to learn," and from which ''discipulus'' "disciple, pupil" also derives.

==Description==

==Description==

''To discipline'' thus means to instruct a person or animal to follow a particular code of conduct, or to adhere to a certain ". " Consequently, "in the field of child development, discipline refers to methods of modeling character and of teaching self-control and acceptable [[behavior]]." So for example, to discipline a child to wash her/his hands before meals. Here, 'washing hands before meals' is a particular pattern of behaviour, and the child is being discipline''d'' to adopt that [[pattern]]. 'To disciple' also gives rise to the word ''disciplinarian'', which denotes a person who enforces order. An [[ideal]] disciplinarian is one who can enforce order without [[coercion]] for "family specialists agree that using physical force, threats and put-downs can interfere with a child's healthy development." [http://extension.missouri.edu/xplor/hesguide/humanrel/gh6119.htm]  Usually however, the phrase 'to discipline' carries a negative connotation. This is because enforcement of order - that is, ensuring instructions are carried out - is often regulated through punishment. [http://pubpages.unh.edu/~mas2/CP85%20-%20Discipline%20by%20parents-S%2BDoug-Ed%20Book.pdf]

''To discipline'' thus means to instruct a person or animal to follow a particular code of conduct, or to adhere to a certain ". " Consequently, "in the field of child development, discipline refers to methods of modeling character and of teaching self-control and acceptable [[behavior]]." So for example, to discipline a child to wash her/his hands before meals. Here, 'washing hands before meals' is a particular pattern of behaviour, and the child is being discipline''d'' to adopt that [[pattern]]. 'To disciple' also gives rise to the word ''disciplinarian'', which denotes a person who enforces order. An [[ideal]] disciplinarian is one who can enforce order without [[coercion]] for "family specialists agree that using physical force, threats and put-downs can interfere with a child's healthy development." [http://extension.missouri.edu/xplor/hesguide/humanrel/gh6119.htm]  Usually however, the phrase 'to discipline' carries a negative connotation. This is because enforcement of order - that is, ensuring instructions are carried out - is often regulated through punishment. [http://pubpages.unh.edu/~mas2/CP85%20-%20Discipline%20by%20parents-S%2BDoug-Ed%20Book.pdf]

''Self-discipline'' refers to the training that one gives one's self to accomplish a certain task or to adopt a particular pattern of behaviour. For example, denying oneself of an extravagant pleasure in order to accomplish a more demanding charitable deed. Thus, self-discipline is the assertion of [[free will]] over more base desires, and is usually understood to be a synonym of 'self mastery'. Self-discipline is to some extent a substitute for motivation, when one uses reason to determine a best course of action that opposes one's desires.  

''Self-discipline'' refers to the training that one gives one's self to accomplish a certain task or to adopt a particular pattern of behaviour. For example, denying oneself of an extravagant pleasure in order to accomplish a more demanding charitable deed. Thus, self-discipline is the assertion of [[free will]] over more base desires, and is usually understood to be a synonym of 'self mastery'. Self-discipline is to some extent a substitute for motivation, when one uses reason to determine a best course of action that opposes one's desires.  

An ''[[academic discipline]]'' refers to a body of [[knowledge]] that is being given to - or has been received by - a disciple. The term may then denotes a 'sphere of knowledge' that an [[individual]] has chosen to specialise in. In an institute of higher learning, the term 'discipline' is often a synonym of [[faculty]]'.

An ''academic discipline'' refers to a body of [[knowledge]] that is being given to - or has been received by - a disciple. The term may then denotes a 'sphere of knowledge' that an [[individual]] has chosen to specialise in. In an institute of higher learning, the term 'discipline' is often a synonym of [[faculty]]'.

==Etymology==

==Etymology==

[a. F. discipline (OF. also dece-, dese-, desce-, 11th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. discipl{imac}na instruction of disciples, tuition, for discipul{imac}na, f. discipulus pupil, DISCIPLE. Etymologically, discipline, as pertaining to the disciple or scholar, is antithetical to doctrine, the property of the doctor or teacher; hence, in the history of the words, doctrine is more concerned with abstract theory, and discipline with practice or exercise.]  

[a. F. discipline (OF. also dece-, dese-, desce-, 11th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. discipl{imac}na instruction of disciples, tuition, for discipul{imac}na, f. discipulus pupil, DISCIPLE. Etymologically, discipline, as pertaining to the disciple or scholar, is antithetical to doctrine, the property of the doctor or teacher; hence, in the history of the words, doctrine is more concerned with abstract theory, and discipline with practice or exercise.]