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As evolution can produce highly optimized processes and networks, it has many applications in [[computer science]]. Here, simulations of evolution using [[evolutionary algorithm]]s and [[artificial life]] started with the work of Nils Aall Barricelli in the 1960s, and was extended by [[Alex Fraser (scientist)|Alex Fraser]], who published a series of papers on simulation of [[artificial selection]].  [[Artificial evolution]] became a widely recognized optimization method as a result of the work of [[Ingo Rechenberg]] in the 1960s and early 1970s, who used [[evolution strategies]] to solve complex engineering problems. [[Genetic algorithms]] in particular became popular through the writing of [[John Henry Holland|John Holland]].  As academic interest grew, dramatic increases in the power of computers allowed practical applications. Evolutionary algorithms are now used to solve multi-dimensional problems more efficiently than software produced by human designers, and also to optimize the design of systems.
 
As evolution can produce highly optimized processes and networks, it has many applications in [[computer science]]. Here, simulations of evolution using [[evolutionary algorithm]]s and [[artificial life]] started with the work of Nils Aall Barricelli in the 1960s, and was extended by [[Alex Fraser (scientist)|Alex Fraser]], who published a series of papers on simulation of [[artificial selection]].  [[Artificial evolution]] became a widely recognized optimization method as a result of the work of [[Ingo Rechenberg]] in the 1960s and early 1970s, who used [[evolution strategies]] to solve complex engineering problems. [[Genetic algorithms]] in particular became popular through the writing of [[John Henry Holland|John Holland]].  As academic interest grew, dramatic increases in the power of computers allowed practical applications. Evolutionary algorithms are now used to solve multi-dimensional problems more efficiently than software produced by human designers, and also to optimize the design of systems.
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==See also==
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*'''''[[Spiritual Evolution]]'''''
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==Further reading==
 
==Further reading==
 
'''Introductory reading'''
 
'''Introductory reading'''

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