Difference between revisions of "Filters"
From Nordan Symposia
Jump to navigationJump to searchm (Text replacement - "http://nordan.daynal.org" to "https://nordan.daynal.org") |
m (Text replacement - "http://" to "https://") |
||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] ''filtre'', from Medieval Latin ''filtrum'' piece of felt used as a filter, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German ''filz'' felt | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] ''filtre'', from Medieval Latin ''filtrum'' piece of felt used as a filter, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German ''filz'' felt | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1563] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
*1a : a porous article or mass (as of paper or sand) through which a [[gas]] or [[liquid]] is passed to separate out matter in [[suspension]] | *1a : a porous article or mass (as of paper or sand) through which a [[gas]] or [[liquid]] is passed to separate out matter in [[suspension]] | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
*4: software for sorting or blocking [[access]] to certain online material | *4: software for sorting or blocking [[access]] to certain online material | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | '''Filtration''' is commonly the [[mechanical]] or physical operation which is used for the [[separation]] of [[solids]] from [[fluids]] (liquids or [[gases]]) by interposing a [[medium]] through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness). Filtration is also used to [[describe]] some [[biological]] processes, especially in [ | + | '''Filtration''' is commonly the [[mechanical]] or physical operation which is used for the [[separation]] of [[solids]] from [[fluids]] (liquids or [[gases]]) by interposing a [[medium]] through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness). Filtration is also used to [[describe]] some [[biological]] processes, especially in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_treatment water treatment] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment sewage treatment] in which undesirable constituents are removed by [[absorption]] into a biological film grown on or in the filter medium as in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow_sand_filter slow sand filtration]. |
Examples of filtration include | Examples of filtration include | ||
| − | *The [ | + | *The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_filter coffee filter] to keep the coffee separate from the grounds. |
| − | *HEPA filters in [ | + | *HEPA filters in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning air conditioning] to remove particles from air. |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_filter Belt filters] to extract precious metals in mining. |
*Horizontal plate filter, also known as Sparkler filter. | *Horizontal plate filter, also known as Sparkler filter. | ||
*Furnaces use filtration to prevent the furnace elements from fouling with particulates. | *Furnaces use filtration to prevent the furnace elements from fouling with particulates. | ||
*Pneumatic conveying systems often employ filtration to stop or slow the flow of material that is transported, through the use of a baghouse. | *Pneumatic conveying systems often employ filtration to stop or slow the flow of material that is transported, through the use of a baghouse. | ||
| − | *In the [[laboratory]], a [ | + | *In the [[laboratory]], a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCchner_funnel Büchner funnel] is often used, with a filter paper serving as the porous [[barrier]]. |
| − | An [[experiment]] to prove the [[existence]] of [[microscopic]] [[organisms]] involves the comparison of water passed through unglazed [ | + | An [[experiment]] to prove the [[existence]] of [[microscopic]] [[organisms]] involves the comparison of water passed through unglazed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcelain porcelain] and unfiltered water. When left in sealed containers the filtered water takes longer to go foul, demonstrating that very small items (such as [[bacteria]]) can be removed from fluids by filtration. |
| − | In the kidney, [ | + | In the kidney, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_filtration renal filtration] is the filtration of [[blood]] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus glomerulus], followed by selective reabsorbtion of many substances essential for the body to maintain homeostasis.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_%28chemistry%29] |
[[Category: Chemistry]] | [[Category: Chemistry]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:44, 13 December 2020
Origin
Middle English filtre, from Medieval Latin filtrum piece of felt used as a filter, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German filz felt
Definitions
- 1a : a porous article or mass (as of paper or sand) through which a gas or liquid is passed to separate out matter in suspension
- b : an apparatus containing a filter medium
- 2a : a device or material for suppressing or minimizing waves or oscillations of certain frequencies (as of electricity, light, or sound)
- b : a transparent material (as colored glass) that absorbs light of certain wavelengths or colors selectively and is used for modifying light that reaches a sensitized photographic material —called also color filter
- 3: something that has the effect of a filter (as by holding back elements or modifying the appearance of something) <his work is too often viewed through the filter of race — Brent Staples>
- 4: software for sorting or blocking access to certain online material
Description
Filtration is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness). Filtration is also used to describe some biological processes, especially in water treatment and sewage treatment in which undesirable constituents are removed by absorption into a biological film grown on or in the filter medium as in slow sand filtration.
Examples of filtration include
- The coffee filter to keep the coffee separate from the grounds.
- HEPA filters in air conditioning to remove particles from air.
- Belt filters to extract precious metals in mining.
- Horizontal plate filter, also known as Sparkler filter.
- Furnaces use filtration to prevent the furnace elements from fouling with particulates.
- Pneumatic conveying systems often employ filtration to stop or slow the flow of material that is transported, through the use of a baghouse.
- In the laboratory, a Büchner funnel is often used, with a filter paper serving as the porous barrier.
An experiment to prove the existence of microscopic organisms involves the comparison of water passed through unglazed porcelain and unfiltered water. When left in sealed containers the filtered water takes longer to go foul, demonstrating that very small items (such as bacteria) can be removed from fluids by filtration.
In the kidney, renal filtration is the filtration of blood in the glomerulus, followed by selective reabsorbtion of many substances essential for the body to maintain homeostasis.[1]
