Difference between revisions of "Fountain"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| − | [ | + | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French funtaine, fontaine, from Late Latin fontana, from [[Latin]], feminine of fontanus of a spring, from font-, fons |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
*1: the [[source]] from which something [[proceeds]] or is supplied | *1: the [[source]] from which something [[proceeds]] or is supplied | ||
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A '''fountain''' (from the [[Latin]] "fons" or "fontis", a [[source]] or spring) is a piece of [[architecture]] which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air either to supply drinking water or for decorative or [[dramatic]] [[effect]]. | A '''fountain''' (from the [[Latin]] "fons" or "fontis", a [[source]] or spring) is a piece of [[architecture]] which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air either to supply drinking water or for decorative or [[dramatic]] [[effect]]. | ||
| − | Fountains were originally purely [[functional]], connected to springs or [ | + | Fountains were originally purely [[functional]], connected to springs or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueducts aqueducts] and used to provide drinking [[water]] and water for bathing and washing to the residents of [[cities]], towns and villages. Until the late 19th century most fountains operated by [[gravity]], and needed a source of water higher than the fountain, such as a reservoir or aqueduct, to make the water [[flow]] or jet into the [[air]]. |
| − | In addition to providing drinking [[water]], fountains were used for decoration and to celebrate their builders. [ | + | In addition to providing drinking [[water]], fountains were used for decoration and to celebrate their builders. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain#Ancient_Roman_fountains Roman fountains] were decorated with bronze or stone masks of animals or [[heroes]]. In the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Ages Middle Ages], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moors Moorish] and Muslim garden [[designers]] used fountains to create miniature versions of the [[gardens]] of [[paradise]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV King Louis XIV] of France used fountains in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardens_of_Versailles Gardens of Versailles] to [[illustrate]] his [[power]] over [[nature]]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque baroque] decorative fountains of [[Rome]] in the 17th and 18th centuries marked the arrival point of restored Roman aqueducts and [[glorified]] the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popes Popes] who built them. |
| − | By the end of the [ | + | By the end of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th century], as indoor plumbing became the main [[source]] of drinking water, [[urban]] fountains became purely decorative. Mechanical pumps replaced [[gravity]] and allowed fountains to recycle [[water]] and to force it high into the [[air]]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_d%27Eau Jet d'Eau] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Geneva Lake Geneva], built in 1951, shoots water 140 meters in the air. The highest such fountain in the world is [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Fahd%27s_Fountain King Fahd's Fountain] in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which spouts water 260 meters (853 feet) above the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea Red Sea]. |
| − | Fountains are used today to decorate [[city]] [[parks]] and squares; to honor [[individuals]] or [[events]]; for recreation and for [[entertainment]]. A Splash pad or spray pool allows city residents to enter, get wet and cool off in [[summer]]. The musical fountain combines moving jets of [[water]], colored [[lights]] and recorded [[music]], controlled by a computer, for [[dramatic]] [[effects]]. [ | + | Fountains are used today to decorate [[city]] [[parks]] and squares; to honor [[individuals]] or [[events]]; for recreation and for [[entertainment]]. A Splash pad or spray pool allows city residents to enter, get wet and cool off in [[summer]]. The musical fountain combines moving jets of [[water]], colored [[lights]] and recorded [[music]], controlled by a computer, for [[dramatic]] [[effects]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_fountains Drinking fountains] provide clean drinking water in public buildings, [[parks]] and [[public]] spaces.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain] |
[[Category: Architecture]] | [[Category: Architecture]] | ||
[[Category: General Reference]] | [[Category: General Reference]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:56, 12 December 2020
Origin
Middle English, from Anglo-French funtaine, fontaine, from Late Latin fontana, from Latin, feminine of fontanus of a spring, from font-, fons
Definitions
- 1: the source from which something proceeds or is supplied
- 2: a spring of water issuing from the earth
- 3: an artificially produced jet of water; also : the structure from which it rises
- 4: a reservoir containing a liquid that can be drawn off as needed
Description
A fountain (from the Latin "fons" or "fontis", a source or spring) is a piece of architecture which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air either to supply drinking water or for decorative or dramatic effect.
Fountains were originally purely functional, connected to springs or aqueducts and used to provide drinking water and water for bathing and washing to the residents of cities, towns and villages. Until the late 19th century most fountains operated by gravity, and needed a source of water higher than the fountain, such as a reservoir or aqueduct, to make the water flow or jet into the air.
In addition to providing drinking water, fountains were used for decoration and to celebrate their builders. Roman fountains were decorated with bronze or stone masks of animals or heroes. In the Middle Ages, Moorish and Muslim garden designers used fountains to create miniature versions of the gardens of paradise. King Louis XIV of France used fountains in the Gardens of Versailles to illustrate his power over nature. The baroque decorative fountains of Rome in the 17th and 18th centuries marked the arrival point of restored Roman aqueducts and glorified the Popes who built them.
By the end of the 19th century, as indoor plumbing became the main source of drinking water, urban fountains became purely decorative. Mechanical pumps replaced gravity and allowed fountains to recycle water and to force it high into the air. The Jet d'Eau in Lake Geneva, built in 1951, shoots water 140 meters in the air. The highest such fountain in the world is King Fahd's Fountain in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which spouts water 260 meters (853 feet) above the Red Sea.
Fountains are used today to decorate city parks and squares; to honor individuals or events; for recreation and for entertainment. A Splash pad or spray pool allows city residents to enter, get wet and cool off in summer. The musical fountain combines moving jets of water, colored lights and recorded music, controlled by a computer, for dramatic effects. Drinking fountains provide clean drinking water in public buildings, parks and public spaces.[1]
