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Gandhi first employed non-violent civil disobedience while an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, during the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he organized protests by peasants, farmers, and urban labourers concerning excessive land-tax and discrimination. After assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns to ease poverty, expand women's rights, build religious and ethnic amity, end untouchability, and increase economic self-reliance. Above all, he aimed to achieve [[Swaraj]] or the independence of India from foreign domination. Gandhi famously led his followers in the Non-cooperation movement that protested the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (249 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930. Later he campaigned against the British to Quit India. Gandhi spent a number of years in jail in both South Africa and India.

Gandhi first employed non-violent civil disobedience while an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, during the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he organized protests by peasants, farmers, and urban labourers concerning excessive land-tax and discrimination. After assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns to ease poverty, expand women's rights, build religious and ethnic amity, end untouchability, and increase economic self-reliance. Above all, he aimed to achieve [[Swaraj]] or the independence of India from foreign domination. Gandhi famously led his followers in the Non-cooperation movement that protested the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (249 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930. Later he campaigned against the British to Quit India. Gandhi spent a number of years in jail in both South Africa and India.

As a practitioner of ahimsa, he swore to speak the [[truth]] and advocated that others do the same. Gandhi lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn he had hand spun on a charkha. He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as a means of both self-purification and social protest.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghandi]

As a practitioner of ahimsa, he swore to speak the [[truth]] and advocated that others do the same. Gandhi lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn he had hand spun on a charkha. He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as a means of both self-purification and social protest.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghandi]

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Gandhi, Mahatma. ''The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi.'' New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India, 1994.

* Gandhi, Mahatma. ''The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi.'' New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India, 1994.

* Gandhi, Rajmohan. ''Patel: A Life''. Navajivan Publishing House, 1990 ISBN 81-7229-138-8

* Gandhi, Rajmohan. ''Patel: A Life''. Navajivan Publishing House, 1990 ISBN 81-7229-138-8

* Grenier, Richard. ''[http://history.eserver.org/ghandi-nobody-knows.txt The Gandhi Nobody Knows]''. Commentary, March 1983

* Grenier, Richard. ''[https://history.eserver.org/ghandi-nobody-knows.txt The Gandhi Nobody Knows]''. Commentary, March 1983

== External links ==

== External links ==

* [[wikisource:An Autobiography or The Story of my Experiments with Truth|Mahatma Gandhi's autobiography on wikisource]]

* [[wikisource:An Autobiography or The Story of my Experiments with Truth|Mahatma Gandhi's autobiography on wikisource]]

*[http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/home/pages?page=http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/kingweb/about_king/encyclopedia/gandhi.htm Gandhi's biography from Stanford's King Encyclopedia]

*[https://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/home/pages?page=https://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/kingweb/about_king/encyclopedia/gandhi.htm Gandhi's biography from Stanford's King Encyclopedia]

* [http://www.dailynews.lk/2001/10/02/fea03.html  Gandhi- The Universal Guru]

* [https://www.dailynews.lk/2001/10/02/fea03.html  Gandhi- The Universal Guru]

* [http://www.gandhismriti.gov.in/indexb.asp Gandhi Smriti — Government of India website]

* [https://www.gandhismriti.gov.in/indexb.asp Gandhi Smriti — Government of India website]

* [http://www.gandhiserve.org/ Mahatma Gandhi News Research and Media service]

* [https://www.gandhiserve.org/ Mahatma Gandhi News Research and Media service]

* [http://www.boloji.com/people/04004.htm Mahatma Gandhi a votary of sustainable living]

* [https://www.boloji.com/people/04004.htm Mahatma Gandhi a votary of sustainable living]

* [http://www.gandhi-manibhavan.org/ Mani Bhavan Gandhi Sangrahalaya Gandhi Museum & Library]

* [https://www.gandhi-manibhavan.org/ Mani Bhavan Gandhi Sangrahalaya Gandhi Museum & Library]

* [http://www.mkgandhi.org/ Gandhi Book Centre]

* [https://www.mkgandhi.org/ Gandhi Book Centre]

 

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]