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'''Medieval philosophy''' is the philosophy of Europe and the Middle East in the era now known as medieval or the [[Middle Ages]], the period roughly extending from the fall of the [[Roman Empire]] in the fifth century A.D. to the [[Renaissance]] in the sixteenth century. It is defined partly by the [[process]] of rediscovering the ancient culture developed in Greece and Rome in the [[classical period]], and partly by the need to address theological problems and to integrate sacred doctrine with secular learning.
'''Medieval philosophy''' is the philosophy of Europe and the Middle East in the era now known as medieval or the [[Middle Ages]], the period roughly extending from the fall of the [[Roman Empire]] in the fifth century A.D. to the [[Renaissance]] in the sixteenth century. It is defined partly by the [[process]] of rediscovering the ancient culture developed in Greece and Rome in the [[classical period]], and partly by the need to address theological problems and to integrate sacred doctrine with secular learning.
*the 'golden age' of the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in the Latin West, which witnessed the culmination of the recovery of ancient philosophy, and significant developments in the field of Philosophy of [[religion]], [[Logic]] and [[Metaphysics]].
*the 'golden age' of the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in the Latin West, which witnessed the culmination of the recovery of ancient philosophy, and significant developments in the field of Philosophy of [[religion]], [[Logic]] and [[Metaphysics]].
The medieval era was disparagingly treated by the Renaissance [[humanists]], who saw it as a barbaric 'middle' period between the classical age of Greek and Roman [[culture]], and the 'rebirth' or renaissance of classical culture. Yet this period of nearly a thousand years was the longest period of philosophical development in Europe and the Middle East, and possibly the richest. Jorge Gracia has argued that 'in intensity, sophistication, and achievement, the philosophical flowering in the thirteenth century could be rightly said to rival the golden age of Greek philosophy in the fourth century B.C.' [1]
The problems discussed throughout this period are the relation of [[faith]] to [[reason]], the [[existence]] and simplicity of [[God]], the purpose of [[theology]] and metaphysics, and the problems of [[knowledge]], of [[universal]]s, and of individuation.[2]
The problems discussed throughout this period are the relation of [[faith]] to [[reason]], the [[existence]] and simplicity of [[God]], the purpose of [[theology]] and metaphysics, and the problems of [[knowledge]], of [[universal]]s, and of individuation.[2]