Difference between revisions of "Neurosis"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| − | The term ''neurosis'' was coined by the Scottish doctor [ | + | The term ''neurosis'' was coined by the Scottish doctor [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Cullen William Cullen] in 1769 to refer to "disorders of sense and motion" caused by a "general affection of the [[nervous system]]". For him, it described various nervous disorders and [[symptoms]] that could not be explained [[physiologically]]. It derives from the [[Greek]] word "νεῦρον" ([[neuron]], "nerve") with the suffix -osis (diseased or abnormal condition). The term was however most influentially defined by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Jung Carl Jung] and [[Sigmund Freud]] over a century later. It has continued to be used in contemporary [[theoretical]] writing in [[psychology]] and [[philosophy]]. |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century circa 1784] |
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
| − | *1: a [[mental]] and [[emotional]] disorder that affects only part of the [[personality]], is accompanied by a less [[distorted]] [[perception]] of [[reality]] than in a [ | + | *1: a [[mental]] and [[emotional]] disorder that affects only part of the [[personality]], is accompanied by a less [[distorted]] [[perception]] of [[reality]] than in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosis psychosis], does not result in disturbance of the use of [[language]], and is accompanied by various [[physical]], [[physiological]], and mental disturbances (as visceral [[symptoms]], [[anxieties]], or phobias) |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
'''Neurosis''' is a class of functional mental disorders involving distress but neither [[delusions]] nor [[hallucinations]], whereby [[behavior]] is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and thus those [[suffering]] from it are said to be neurotic. The term essentially describes an "invisible [[injury]]" and the resulting condition. | '''Neurosis''' is a class of functional mental disorders involving distress but neither [[delusions]] nor [[hallucinations]], whereby [[behavior]] is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and thus those [[suffering]] from it are said to be neurotic. The term essentially describes an "invisible [[injury]]" and the resulting condition. | ||
| − | As an illness, ''neurosis'' represents a variety of mental disorders in which [[emotional]] distress or [[unconscious]] [[conflict]] is expressed through various [[physical]], [[physiological]], and [[mental]] disturbances, which may include physical [[symptoms]] (e.g., hysteria). The definitive symptom is [[anxieties]]. Neurotic tendencies are common and may [[manifest]] themselves as [[depression]], acute or chronic anxiety, [ | + | As an illness, ''neurosis'' represents a variety of mental disorders in which [[emotional]] distress or [[unconscious]] [[conflict]] is expressed through various [[physical]], [[physiological]], and [[mental]] disturbances, which may include physical [[symptoms]] (e.g., hysteria). The definitive symptom is [[anxieties]]. Neurotic tendencies are common and may [[manifest]] themselves as [[depression]], acute or chronic anxiety, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder obsessive–compulsive] tendencies, specific phobias, such as [[social]] phobia, arachnophobia or any number of other phobias, and some [[personality]] disorders: [[paranoid]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizotypal_personality_disorder schizotypal], borderline, histrionic, avoidant, [[dependent]] and obsessive–compulsive. It has perhaps been most simply defined as a "poor [[ability]] to adapt to one's environment, an inability to [[change]] one's life patterns, and the inability to develop a richer, more [[complex]], more satisfying personality." Neurosis should not be mistaken for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosis psychosis], which refers to loss of [[touch]] with [[reality]], or neuroticism, a fundamental personality trait according to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology psychological theory]. |
According to psychoanalytic theory, neuroses may be rooted in [[ego]] [[defense]] [[mechanisms]], but the two concepts are not synonymous. Defense mechanisms are a [[normal]] way of developing and maintaining a consistent sense of [[self]] (i.e., an [[ego]]), while only those thoughts and [[behavior]] patterns that produce difficulties in living should be termed "neuroses". | According to psychoanalytic theory, neuroses may be rooted in [[ego]] [[defense]] [[mechanisms]], but the two concepts are not synonymous. Defense mechanisms are a [[normal]] way of developing and maintaining a consistent sense of [[self]] (i.e., an [[ego]]), while only those thoughts and [[behavior]] patterns that produce difficulties in living should be termed "neuroses". | ||
| − | The [ | + | The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders] (DSM) has eliminated the category of "neurosis", reflecting a [[decision]] by the editors to provide [[descriptions]] of [[behavior]] as opposed to hidden psychological [[mechanisms]] as diagnostic criteria, and, according to The American Heritage Medical Dictionary, it is "no longer used in psychiatric diagnosis". Instead, the disorders once classified as neuroses are now considered [[anxiety]] disorders. These changes to the DSM have been controversial.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurosis] |
[[Category: Psychology]] | [[Category: Psychology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:23, 13 December 2020
Origin
The term neurosis was coined by the Scottish doctor William Cullen in 1769 to refer to "disorders of sense and motion" caused by a "general affection of the nervous system". For him, it described various nervous disorders and symptoms that could not be explained physiologically. It derives from the Greek word "νεῦρον" (neuron, "nerve") with the suffix -osis (diseased or abnormal condition). The term was however most influentially defined by Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud over a century later. It has continued to be used in contemporary theoretical writing in psychology and philosophy.
Definition
- 1: a mental and emotional disorder that affects only part of the personality, is accompanied by a less distorted perception of reality than in a psychosis, does not result in disturbance of the use of language, and is accompanied by various physical, physiological, and mental disturbances (as visceral symptoms, anxieties, or phobias)
Description
Neurosis is a class of functional mental disorders involving distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations, whereby behavior is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and thus those suffering from it are said to be neurotic. The term essentially describes an "invisible injury" and the resulting condition.
As an illness, neurosis represents a variety of mental disorders in which emotional distress or unconscious conflict is expressed through various physical, physiological, and mental disturbances, which may include physical symptoms (e.g., hysteria). The definitive symptom is anxieties. Neurotic tendencies are common and may manifest themselves as depression, acute or chronic anxiety, obsessive–compulsive tendencies, specific phobias, such as social phobia, arachnophobia or any number of other phobias, and some personality disorders: paranoid, schizotypal, borderline, histrionic, avoidant, dependent and obsessive–compulsive. It has perhaps been most simply defined as a "poor ability to adapt to one's environment, an inability to change one's life patterns, and the inability to develop a richer, more complex, more satisfying personality." Neurosis should not be mistaken for psychosis, which refers to loss of touch with reality, or neuroticism, a fundamental personality trait according to psychological theory.
According to psychoanalytic theory, neuroses may be rooted in ego defense mechanisms, but the two concepts are not synonymous. Defense mechanisms are a normal way of developing and maintaining a consistent sense of self (i.e., an ego), while only those thoughts and behavior patterns that produce difficulties in living should be termed "neuroses".
The American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has eliminated the category of "neurosis", reflecting a decision by the editors to provide descriptions of behavior as opposed to hidden psychological mechanisms as diagnostic criteria, and, according to The American Heritage Medical Dictionary, it is "no longer used in psychiatric diagnosis". Instead, the disorders once classified as neuroses are now considered anxiety disorders. These changes to the DSM have been controversial.[1]
