Difference between revisions of "Out of Body Experience"

Latest revision as of 01:39, 13 December 2020

An out-of-body experience (OBE or sometimes OOBE), is an experience that typically involves a sensation of floating outside of one's body and, in some cases, perceiving one's physical body from a place outside one's body (autoscopy). The term out-of-the-body experience was introduced in 1943 by G.N.M Tyrrell in his book Apparitions,[1] and adopted by, for example, Celia Green[2] and Robert Monroe as a bias-free alternative to belief-centric labels such as "astral projection" or "spirit walking". Though the term usefully distances researchers from scientifically problematic concepts such as the soul, scientists still know little about the phenomenon.[4]

For lessons on the topic of Out of Body Experiences, follow this link.

One in ten people has an out-of-body experience at some time in their lives.[5] OBEs are often part of the near-death experience, and reportedly may also lead to astral projection. Those who have experienced OBEs sometimes claim to have observed details which were unknown to them beforehand.[6]

In some cases the phenomenon appears to occur spontaneously; in others it is associated with a physical or mental trauma, use of psychedelic drugs, dissociative drugs, or a dream-like state. Many techniques aiming to induce the experience deliberately have been developed,[7] for example visualization while in a relaxed, meditative state. Recent (2007) studies have shown that experiences somewhat similar to OBEs can be induced by direct brain stimulation. Some of those who experience OBEs claimed to have willed themselves out of their bodies, while others report having found themselves being pulled from their bodies (usually preceded by a feeling of paralysis). In other accounts, the feeling of being outside the body was suddenly realized after the fact, and the experiencers saw their own bodies almost by accident.[8] OBEs often occur during the borderline stage between REM sleep and arousal when sleep paralysis may persist and dream imagery may mingle with sensory input.

Some neurologists have suspected that the event is triggered by a mismatch between visual and tactile signals. They used a virtual reality setup to recreate an OBE. The subject looked through goggles and saw his own body as it would appear to an outside observer standing behind him. The experimenter then touched the subject at the same time as a rod appeared to touch the virtual image. The experiment created an illusion of being behind and outside one's body. However, critics point out that it is uncertain how this relates to the OBE phenomenon.[9][1]

Notes

G.N.M. Tyrrell, Apparitions, Gerald Duckworth and Co. Ltd, London, 1943, pp. 149.
C.E. Green, Out-of-the-body Experiences, Hamish Hamilton, London, 1968.
Journeys Out of the Body, 1971, Robert Monroe, ISBN 0-385-00861-9
BBC NEWS | UK | Magazine | Out-of-body or all in the mind?
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070823141057.htm ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2007)First Out-of-body Experience Induced In Laboratory Setting
https://www.near-death.com/experiences/evidence01.html People Have NDEs While Brain Dead Retrieved Sept 21, 2007
Bruce, Robert (1999) Astral Dynamics: A NEW Approach to Out-of-Body Experiences ISBN 1-57174-143-7, Chapters 15–22
SOBEs
BBC NEWS | Health | Out-of-body experience recreated

References

Buhlman, William. "Adventures Beyond the Body: Astral Projection". ISBN 0062513710

Review of the tome "Projectiology: A Panorama of Experiences Outside the Human Body" by *Waldo Vieira, MD Journal of Parapsychology

Tart, Charles (1997). "Six Studies of Out-of-the-Body Experiences" Journal of Near Death Studies
Monroe, Robert. (1971). Doubleday Journeys Out of the Body. reprinted (1989) Souvenir Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0285627536
Monroe, Robert. (1985). Far Journeys. Doubleday. reprinted (1992) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385231824
Monroe, Robert. (1994). Ultimate Journey. Doubleday. reprinted (1996) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385472081
Leland, Kurt. (2001). Otherwhere: A Field Guide to Nonphysical Reality for the Out-of-Body Traveler. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742414
Leland, Kurt. (2002). The Unanswered Question: Death, Near-Death, and the Afterlife. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742995

External links

OBE in the science mainstream news
A blog record of a series of OBE's by a meditator
Website of OBE author William Buhlman
Out-of-body and Near-death experiences Articles, videos and discussions on out-of-body and near-death experiences.
An in-depth psychological and philosophical analysis of OBEs and self-perception
"Out-of-Body Experience (OBE)" – from the Skeptic's Dictionary
"How To Use Waking Sleep Paralysis To Induce OBEs" at Youtube

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-==Astral projection==
+[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Tmpout-of-body-planes.jpg|right|frame]]
-Astral projection is a [[paranormal]] interpretation of out-of-body experience that assumes the existence of one or more non-physical [[dimension|planes]] of [[existence]] and an associated [[body]] beyond the physical. Commonly such planes are called astral, etheric, or spiritual. Astral projection is often experienced as the spirit or astral body leaving the physical body to travel in the spirit world or astral plane.[58]
-[[Evidence]] for objective reality of projection on to the etheric plane (a near-copy of the physical plane) is sometimes suggested when people, such as patients during surgery, describe OBEs in which they see or hear events or objects outside their sensory range (for instance, Pam Reynolds reported experiencing an OBE during brain surgery and described a surgical instrument she had not seen previously, as well as conversation that occurred while she was under anethesia).[citation needed][59]
+An '''out-of-body experience''' (OBE or sometimes OOBE), is an [[experience]] that typically involves a sensation of floating outside of one's [[body]] and, in some cases, perceiving one's [[physical]] body from a place outside one's body (autoscopy). The term out-of-the-body experience was introduced in 1943 by G.N.M Tyrrell in his book ''Apparitions'',[1] and adopted by, for example, Celia Green[2] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Monroe Robert Monroe] as a bias-free alternative to [[belief]]-centric labels such as "astral projection" or "spirit walking". Though the term usefully distances [[research]]ers from scientifically problematic [[concepts]] such as the [[soul]], scientists still know little about the [[phenomenon]].[4]
-Skeptics such as Susan Blackmore have disputed whether anything leaves the body during an OBE.[60]
+<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''Out of Body Experiences''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Out_of_Body_Experience this link].</center>
+One in ten people has an out-of-body experience at some time in their lives.[5] OBEs are often part of the [[near-death experience]], and reportedly may also lead to [[astral projection]]. Those who have experienced OBEs sometimes claim to have observed details which were unknown to them beforehand.[6]
+In some cases the [[phenomenon]] appears to occur [[spontaneously]]; in others it is associated with a [[physical]] or [[mental]] [[trauma]], use of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelics psychedelic] drugs, dissociative drugs, or a [[dream]]-like [[state]]. Many [[technique]]s aiming to induce the [[experience]] deliberately have been developed,[7] for example visualization while in a relaxed, meditative state. Recent (2007) studies have shown that experiences somewhat similar to OBEs can be induced by direct [[brain]] stimulation. Some of those who experience OBEs claimed to have willed themselves out of their bodies, while others report having found themselves being pulled from their bodies (usually preceded by a feeling of paralysis). In other accounts, the feeling of being outside the body was suddenly realized after the [[fact]], and the experiencers saw their own bodies almost by [[accident]].[8] OBEs often occur during the borderline stage between REM sleep and arousal when sleep paralysis may persist and dream imagery may mingle with sensory input.
+Some neurologists have suspected that the [[event]] is triggered by a mismatch between visual and tactile signals. They used a [[virtual]] [[reality]] setup to recreate an OBE. The subject looked through goggles and saw his own body as it would appear to an outside observer standing behind him. The [[experiment]]er then touched the subject at the same time as a rod appeared to touch the virtual image. The experiment created an [[illusion]] of being behind and outside one's body. However, critics point out that it is uncertain how this relates to the OBE phenomenon.[9][https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Out-of-body_experience&action=edit&section=26]
 ==See also==
-Paranormal
+*'''''[[Astral projection]]'''''
-Lucid dreaming
+==Notes==
-Nightmare
-===Notes==
 # G.N.M. Tyrrell, Apparitions, Gerald Duckworth and Co. Ltd, London, 1943, pp. 149.
-# C.E. Green, Out-of-the-body Experiences, Hamish Hamilton, London, 1968.Journeys Out of the Body, 1971, Robert Monroe, ISBN 0-385-00861-9
+# C.E. Green, Out-of-the-body Experiences, Hamish Hamilton, London, 1968.
+# Journeys Out of the Body, 1971, Robert Monroe, ISBN 0-385-00861-9
 # BBC NEWS | UK | Magazine | Out-of-body or all in the mind?
-# http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070823141057.htm ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2007)First Out-of-body Experience Induced In Laboratory Setting
+# https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070823141057.htm ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2007)First Out-of-body Experience Induced In Laboratory Setting
-# http://www.near-death.com/experiences/evidence01.html People Have NDEs While Brain Dead Retrieved Sept 21, 2007
+# https://www.near-death.com/experiences/evidence01.html People Have NDEs While Brain Dead Retrieved Sept 21, 2007
-^ Bruce, Robert (1999) Astral Dynamics: A NEW Approach to Out-of-Body Experiences ISBN 1-57174-143-7, Chapters 15–22
+# Bruce, Robert (1999) Astral Dynamics: A NEW Approach to Out-of-Body Experiences ISBN 1-57174-143-7, Chapters 15–22
-# a b SOBEs
+# SOBEs
 # BBC NEWS | Health | Out-of-body experience recreated
-#  Mastering Astral Projection: 90-Day Guide To Out-Of-Body Experience, Robert Bruce & Brian Mercer, ISBN 0-7387-0467-9
-# Out-of-Body Experiences: How to Have Them and What to Expect, Robert Peterson and Charles Tart, ISBN 1571740570
-# The Projection Of The Astral Body, Sylvan Muldoon and Hereward Carrington, ISBN 978-0877280699
-# Adventures Beyond the Body: How to Experience Out-of-Body Travel, William Buhlman, ISBN 978-0062513717
-# Out-of-Body Exploring: A Beginner's Approach, Preston Dennett, ISBN 1571744096
-# Pre-Grams of Tomorrow dreams as pathway to a New World Perspective : Forrer, Kurt
-# "The Art and Practice of Astral Projection", 1974, Ophiel, ISBN 978-0877282464
-# "[1]". The Effects of Hemi-Sync on Electrocortical Activity, Sadigh and Kozicky
-# Thomas Yuschak (2006). Advanced Lucid Dreaming (1st ed. ed.). Lulu Enterprises. ISBN 978-1-4303-0542-2.
-# Thomas Yuschak (2007). Pharmacological Induction of Lucid dreams.
-# "Substances that enhance recall and lucidity during dreaming". Stephen LaBerge - US Patent. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
-# "The Projection of the Astral Body", 1968, Sylvan Muldoon and Hereward Carrington: chapte
-#II, "Sensation and emotion at different stages of exteriorization" subsection
-^ "Mastering Astral Projection", 2004, Robert Bruce & Brian Mercer, "Anatomy of an OBE" chapter, pp. 222–5
-^ "Astral Dynamics", 1999, Robert Bruce, chapter 6: "Waking Paralysis"
-^ "Astral Dynamics", 1999, Robert Bruce, chapter 5: "Astral Sight"
-^ "Mastering Astral Projection", 2004, Robert Bruce & Brian Mercer: "Body Gravity" subsection, p. 377
-^ "The Projection of the Astral Body", 1968, Sylvan Muldoon and Hereward Carrington, chapter III, "Cord-activity range" section
-^ "The Projection of the Astral Body", 1968, Sylvan Muldoon and Hereward Carrington, chapter VI, "When outside cord-activity range the phantom is free" section, p69
-^ Manual for "Gateway Experience Wave VI - Odyssey (Journey to Focus 21)", 2004, The Monroe Institute, pp. 10–11
-^ The Frank Kepple Phasing Resource (detailed treatment of Monroe's phasing model of OBE-related states)
-^ Greyson, Bruce. Near-Death Experiences in a Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic Population. Psychiatr Serv 54:1649–1651, December 2003
-^ Mauro, James. Bright lights, big Mystery. Psychology Today, Jul 92
-^ Green, C.E. (1968). Out-of-the-Body Experiences. London: Hamish Hamilton.
-^ De Ridder D, Van Laere K, Dupont P, Menovsky T, Van de Heyning P. Visualizing out-of-body experience in the brain. N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 1;357(18):1829–33.
-^ Irwin, H.J. (1985). Flight of Mind: a psychological study of the out-of-body experience. Metuchen, New Jersey: The Scarecrow Press.
-^ Green C.E. (1968). Out-of-the-Body Experiences. London: Hamish Hamilton.
-^ McCreery, C. (1997). Hallucinations and arousability: pointers to a theory of psychosis. In Claridge, G. (ed.): Schizotypy, Implications for Illness and Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-^ McCreery, C. (2008). Dreams and psychosis: a new look at an old hypothesis. Psychological Paper No. 2008–1. Oxford: Oxford Forum. Online PDF
-^ Oswald, I. (1962). Sleeping and Waking: Physiology and Psychology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
-^ van Lommel P, van Wees R, Meyers V, Elfferich I. (2001) "Near-Death Experience in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest: A prospective Study in the Netherlands", Lancet, December 15; 358(9298):2039–45.
-^ Van Lommel, Pim (Hospital Rijnstate),"A Reply to Shermer: Medical Evidence for NDEs" in Skeptical Investigations,2003. http://www.skepticalinvestigations.org/whoswho/vanLommel.htm
-^ http://www.skeptic.com/nde.html.
-^ Toronto Star, March 16, 2003
-^ Blanke, O., Landis, T., Spinelli, L., & Seeck, M. (2004). Out-of-body experience and autoscopy of neurological origin. Brain, 127(Pt 2), 243–258.
-^ Blanke, O., Ortigue, S., Landis, T., & Seeck, M. (2002). Stimulating illusory own-body perceptions. Nature, 419(6904), 269–270.
-^ Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience at Ecole Polytechnique Federeale de Lausanne: http://lnco.epfl.ch/
-^ Out-of-Body Experiences: All in the Brain? By Jan Holden, EdD, Jeff Long, MD, and Jason MacLurg, MD Vital Signs Volume 21, Number 3
-^ Blanke, O., Mohr, C., Michel, C. M., Pascual-Leone, A., Brugger, P., Seeck, M., et al. (2005). Linking out-of-body experience and self processing to mental own-body imagery at the temporoparietal junction. Journal of Neuroscience, 25(3); doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2612-04.2005.[2]
-^ Arzy, S., Thut, G., Mohr, C., Michel, C. M., & Blanke, O. (2006). Neural basis of embodiment: Distinct contributions of temporoparietal junction and extrastriate body area. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(31), 8074–8081.
-^ Blanke, O., & Arzy, S. (2005). The out-of-body experience: Disturbed self-processing at the temporo-parietal junction. Neuroscientist, 11(1), 16–24
-^ Lenggenhager et al. 2007. Video Ergo Sum: Manipulating Bodily Self-Consciousness. Science 317:1096–1099 DOI: 10.1126/science.1143439
-^ Michael Persinger's research on YouTube presented by Michael Shermer
-^ Persinger, Michael M. (2001). The neuropsychiatry of paranormal experiences Neuropsychiatric Practice and Opinion, 13(4), 521–522.
-^ Ehrsson, H.H. 2007. The Experimental Induction of Out-of-Body Experiences. Science 317:1048 DOI: 10.1126/science.1142175
-^ First out-of-body experience induced in laboratory setting, August 23 2007, EurekAlert!
-^ The Out-of-Body Electric, August 23 2007, Daniel Engber, Slate
-^ First OBE Experiment Was In 1966, September 21 2007, Nelson Abreu, Medical News Today
-^ news.bbc.co.uk, Study into near-death experiences
-^ http://parapsych.org/historical_terms.html entry on Astral body in the Historical Terms Glossary from the website of the Parapsychological Association, retrieved August 26, 2007
-^ Michael B. Sabom. Light & death: one doctor's fascinating account of near-death experiences, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1998. ISBN 0310219922. This account is summarized in People Have NDEs While Brain Dead. Accessed 2008-06-03.
-^ Blackmore, Susan (1993). Dying to Live: Near-Death Experiences. Prometheus Books.
-[edit]References
-Buhlman, William. "Adventures Beyond the Body: Astral Projection". ISBN 0062513710
+==References==
-Review of the tome "Projectiology: A Panorama of Experiences Outside the Human Body" by Waldo Vieira, MD Journal of Parapsychology
-Tart, Charles (1997). "Six Studies of Out-of-the-Body Experiences" Journal of Near Death Studies
+*Buhlman, William. "Adventures Beyond the Body: Astral Projection". ISBN 0062513710
-Monroe, Robert. (1971). Doubleday Journeys Out of the Body. reprinted (1989) Souvenir Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0285627536
+Review of the tome "Projectiology: A Panorama of Experiences Outside the Human Body" by *Waldo Vieira, MD Journal of Parapsychology
-Monroe, Robert. (1985). Far Journeys. Doubleday. reprinted (1992) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385231824
+*Tart, Charles (1997). "Six Studies of Out-of-the-Body Experiences" Journal of Near Death Studies
-Monroe, Robert. (1994). Ultimate Journey. Doubleday. reprinted (1996) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385472081
+*Monroe, Robert. (1971). Doubleday Journeys Out of the Body. reprinted (1989) Souvenir Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0285627536
-Leland, Kurt. (2001). Otherwhere: A Field Guide to Nonphysical Reality for the Out-of-Body Traveler. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742414
+*Monroe, Robert. (1985). Far Journeys. Doubleday. reprinted (1992) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385231824
-Leland, Kurt. (2002). The Unanswered Question: Death, Near-Death, and the Afterlife. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742995
+*Monroe, Robert. (1994). Ultimate Journey. Doubleday. reprinted (1996) Main Street Books. ISBN 978-0385472081
+*Leland, Kurt. (2001). Otherwhere: A Field Guide to Nonphysical Reality for the Out-of-Body Traveler. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742414
+*Leland, Kurt. (2002). The Unanswered Question: Death, Near-Death, and the Afterlife. Hampton Roads Publishing. ISBN 978-1571742995
 == External links ==
-* [http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2007/0823out_of_body.shtml OBE in the science mainstream news]
+* [https://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2007/0823out_of_body.shtml OBE in the science mainstream news]
-* [http://abbyeagle.com/wordpress/?cat=26 A blog record of a series of OBE's by a meditator]
+* [https://abbyeagle.com/wordpress/?cat=26 A blog record of a series of OBE's by a meditator]
-* [http://www.astralinfo.org/ Website of OBE author William Buhlman]
+* [https://www.astralinfo.org/ Website of OBE author William Buhlman]
-* [http://www.gnosticweb.com/Out-of-Body-Experiences Out-of-body and Near-death experiences] Articles, videos and discussions on out-of-body and near-death experiences.
+* [https://www.gnosticweb.com/Out-of-Body-Experiences Out-of-body and Near-death experiences] Articles, videos and discussions on out-of-body and near-death experiences.
-* [http://www.meta-religion.com/Neurology/OBEs/obe_and_the_soul.htm An in-depth psychological and philosophical analysis of OBEs and self-perception]
+* [https://www.meta-religion.com/Neurology/OBEs/obe_and_the_soul.htm An in-depth psychological and philosophical analysis of OBEs and self-perception]
-* [http://skepdic.com/obe.html "Out-of-Body Experience (OBE)"] &ndash; from the ''[[Skeptic's Dictionary]]''
+* [https://skepdic.com/obe.html "Out-of-Body Experience (OBE)"] &ndash; from the ''[[Skeptic's Dictionary]]''
-* [http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=E3E88DE0B45599E3 "How To Use Waking Sleep Paralysis To Induce OBEs"] at Youtube
+* [https://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=E3E88DE0B45599E3 "How To Use Waking Sleep Paralysis To Induce OBEs"] at Youtube
 [[Category: Religion]]
 [[Category: Psychology]]

Difference between revisions of "Out of Body Experience"

Latest revision as of 01:39, 13 December 2020

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