Difference between revisions of "Panic"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| − | French ''panique'', from [[Greek]] ''panikos'', [[literally]], of Pan, from [ | + | French ''panique'', from [[Greek]] ''panikos'', [[literally]], of Pan, from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan Pan] |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1603] |
| − | The [[word]] panic derives from the [[Greek]] πανικός, "pertaining to [[shepherd]] god Pan", who took amusement from [[frightening]] herds of goats and sheep into sudden bursts of uncontrollable [[fear]]. The [ | + | The [[word]] panic derives from the [[Greek]] πανικός, "pertaining to [[shepherd]] god Pan", who took amusement from [[frightening]] herds of goats and sheep into sudden bursts of uncontrollable [[fear]]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greece ancient Greeks] credited the [[battle]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathon Marathon]'s victory to Pan, using his name for the frenzied, frantic [[fear]] exhibited by the fleeing [[enemy]] soldiers. |
---- | ---- | ||
| − | <center>For lessons on the related [[topic]] of '''''Fear''''', follow [ | + | <center>For lessons on the related [[topic]] of '''''Fear''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Fear '''''this link'''''].</center> |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
| − | *1: of, relating to, or resembling the [[mental]] or [[emotional]] state believed induced by the [ | + | *1: of, relating to, or resembling the [[mental]] or [[emotional]] state believed induced by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan god Pan] <panic [[fear]]> |
*2: of, relating to, or arising from a panic <panic buying> | *2: of, relating to, or arising from a panic <panic buying> | ||
*3: of or relating to the god Pan | *3: of or relating to the god Pan | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | '''Panic''' is a sudden [[sensation]] of [[fear]] which is so [[strong]] as to [[dominate]] or prevent reason and [[logical]] [[thinking]], replacing it with overwhelming feelings of [[anxiety]] and frantic [[agitation]] consistent with an animalistic fight-or-flight [[reaction]]. Panic may occur singularly in [[individuals]] or [[manifest]] suddenly in large groups as [ | + | '''Panic''' is a sudden [[sensation]] of [[fear]] which is so [[strong]] as to [[dominate]] or prevent reason and [[logical]] [[thinking]], replacing it with overwhelming feelings of [[anxiety]] and frantic [[agitation]] consistent with an animalistic fight-or-flight [[reaction]]. Panic may occur singularly in [[individuals]] or [[manifest]] suddenly in large groups as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_panic mass panic] (closely related to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd_behavior herd behavior]). |
| − | Prehistoric men used ''mass panic'' as a [[technique]] when [[hunting]] animals, especially ruminants. Herds reacting to unusually strong [[sounds]] or unfamiliar [[visual]] [[effects]] were directed towards cliffs, where they [[eventually]] jumped to their deaths when cornered. Humans are also vulnerable to panic and it is often considered [[infectious]], in the sense one person's panic may easily spread to other people nearby and soon the entire [[group]] acts irrationally, but people also have the ability to [[prevent]] and/or control their own and others' panic by [[disciplined]] [[thinking]] or [[training]] (such as disaster drills). Architects and city planners try to accommodate the [[symptoms]] of panic, such as herd behavior, during [[design]] and planning, often using [[simulations]] to determine the best way to [[lead]] people to a safe exit and prevent congestion ([ | + | Prehistoric men used ''mass panic'' as a [[technique]] when [[hunting]] animals, especially ruminants. Herds reacting to unusually strong [[sounds]] or unfamiliar [[visual]] [[effects]] were directed towards cliffs, where they [[eventually]] jumped to their deaths when cornered. Humans are also vulnerable to panic and it is often considered [[infectious]], in the sense one person's panic may easily spread to other people nearby and soon the entire [[group]] acts irrationally, but people also have the ability to [[prevent]] and/or control their own and others' panic by [[disciplined]] [[thinking]] or [[training]] (such as disaster drills). Architects and city planners try to accommodate the [[symptoms]] of panic, such as herd behavior, during [[design]] and planning, often using [[simulations]] to determine the best way to [[lead]] people to a safe exit and prevent congestion ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampede stampedes]). The most effective [[methods]] are often non-[[intuitive]]. A tall column, approximately 1 ft (300 mm) in [[diameter]], placed in front of the door exit at a precisely calculated distance, may speed up the evacuation of a large room by up to 30%, as the obstacle divides the congestion well ahead of the choke point. |
| − | Many highly publicized cases of deadly panic occurred during massive public events. The layout of [ | + | Many highly publicized cases of deadly panic occurred during massive public events. The layout of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca Mecca] was extensively redesigned by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi Saudi] authorities in an attempt to eliminate frequent stampedes, which kill an average of 250 [[pilgrims]] every year. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football Football] stadiums have seen deadly crowd rushes and stampedes, such as at Hillsborough stadium in Sheffield, England, in 1989 when 96 people were killed in a deadly crush. |
[[Category: Psychology]] | [[Category: Psychology]] | ||
[[Category: Sociology]] | [[Category: Sociology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:22, 13 December 2020
Origin
French panique, from Greek panikos, literally, of Pan, from Pan
The word panic derives from the Greek πανικός, "pertaining to shepherd god Pan", who took amusement from frightening herds of goats and sheep into sudden bursts of uncontrollable fear. The ancient Greeks credited the battle of Marathon's victory to Pan, using his name for the frenzied, frantic fear exhibited by the fleeing enemy soldiers.
Definitions
- 1: of, relating to, or resembling the mental or emotional state believed induced by the god Pan <panic fear>
- 2: of, relating to, or arising from a panic <panic buying>
- 3: of or relating to the god Pan
Description
Panic is a sudden sensation of fear which is so strong as to dominate or prevent reason and logical thinking, replacing it with overwhelming feelings of anxiety and frantic agitation consistent with an animalistic fight-or-flight reaction. Panic may occur singularly in individuals or manifest suddenly in large groups as mass panic (closely related to herd behavior).
Prehistoric men used mass panic as a technique when hunting animals, especially ruminants. Herds reacting to unusually strong sounds or unfamiliar visual effects were directed towards cliffs, where they eventually jumped to their deaths when cornered. Humans are also vulnerable to panic and it is often considered infectious, in the sense one person's panic may easily spread to other people nearby and soon the entire group acts irrationally, but people also have the ability to prevent and/or control their own and others' panic by disciplined thinking or training (such as disaster drills). Architects and city planners try to accommodate the symptoms of panic, such as herd behavior, during design and planning, often using simulations to determine the best way to lead people to a safe exit and prevent congestion (stampedes). The most effective methods are often non-intuitive. A tall column, approximately 1 ft (300 mm) in diameter, placed in front of the door exit at a precisely calculated distance, may speed up the evacuation of a large room by up to 30%, as the obstacle divides the congestion well ahead of the choke point.
Many highly publicized cases of deadly panic occurred during massive public events. The layout of Mecca was extensively redesigned by Saudi authorities in an attempt to eliminate frequent stampedes, which kill an average of 250 pilgrims every year. Football stadiums have seen deadly crowd rushes and stampedes, such as at Hillsborough stadium in Sheffield, England, in 1989 when 96 people were killed in a deadly crush.
