Changes

81:6.6 2. ''Capital goods''. [[Culture]] is never developed under conditions of [[poverty]]; [[leisure]] is [[essential]] to the [[progress]] of [[civilization]]. [[Individual]] [[character]] of [[moral]] and [[spiritual]] [[value]] may be acquired in the [[absence]] of [[material]] [[wealth]], but a cultural [[civilization]] is only derived from those conditions of [[material]] [[prosperity]] which foster [[leisure]] combined with [[ambition]].

81:6.6 2. ''Capital goods''. [[Culture]] is never developed under conditions of [[poverty]]; [[leisure]] is [[essential]] to the [[progress]] of [[civilization]]. [[Individual]] [[character]] of [[moral]] and [[spiritual]] [[value]] may be acquired in the [[absence]] of [[material]] [[wealth]], but a cultural [[civilization]] is only derived from those conditions of [[material]] [[prosperity]] which foster [[leisure]] combined with [[ambition]].

81:6.7 During [[primitive]] times life on [[Urantia]] was a serious and sober [[business]]. And it was to [[escape]] this incessant [[struggle]] and interminable toil that [[mankind]] constantly tended to drift toward the [[salubrious]] [[climate]] of the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropics tropics]. While these warmer zones of habitation afforded some remission from the [[intense]] [[struggle]] for [[existence]], the races and [[tribes]] who thus sought ease seldom utilized their unearned [[leisure]] for the advancement of [[civilization]]. [[Social]] [[progress]] has invariably come from the [[thoughts]] and [[plans]] of those races that have, by their [[intelligent]] toil, learned how to wrest a living from the [[land]] with lessened [[effort]] and shortened days of [[labor]] and thus have been able to [[enjoy]] a well-earned and profitable margin of [[leisure]].

81:6.7 During [[primitive]] times life on [[Urantia]] was a serious and sober [[business]]. And it was to [[escape]] this incessant [[struggle]] and interminable toil that [[mankind]] constantly tended to drift toward the salubrious [[climate]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropics tropics]. While these warmer zones of habitation afforded some remission from the [[intense]] [[struggle]] for [[existence]], the races and [[tribes]] who thus sought ease seldom utilized their unearned [[leisure]] for the advancement of [[civilization]]. [[Social]] [[progress]] has invariably come from the [[thoughts]] and [[plans]] of those races that have, by their [[intelligent]] toil, learned how to wrest a living from the [[land]] with lessened [[effort]] and shortened days of [[labor]] and thus have been able to [[enjoy]] a well-earned and profitable margin of [[leisure]].

81:6.8 3. ''Scientific knowledge''. The [[material]] aspects of [[civilization]] must always await the accumulation of [[scientific]] [[data]]. It was a long time after the [[discovery]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_and_arrow bow and arrow] and the utilization of [[animals]] for [[power]] [[purposes]] before man learned how to harness [[wind]] and [[water]], to be followed by the employment of [[steam]] and [[electricity]]. But slowly the [[tools]] of [[civilization]] improved. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving Weaving], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pottery pottery], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication domestication] of animals, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgy metalworking] were followed by an age of [[writing]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing printing].

81:6.8 3. ''Scientific knowledge''. The [[material]] aspects of [[civilization]] must always await the accumulation of [[scientific]] [[data]]. It was a long time after the [[discovery]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_and_arrow bow and arrow] and the utilization of [[animals]] for [[power]] [[purposes]] before man learned how to harness [[wind]] and [[water]], to be followed by the employment of [[steam]] and [[electricity]]. But slowly the [[tools]] of [[civilization]] improved. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving Weaving], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pottery pottery], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication domestication] of animals, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgy metalworking] were followed by an age of [[writing]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing printing].

81:6.26 9. ''The racial ideals''. The [[ideals]] of one [[generation]] carve out the [[channels]] of [[destiny]] for immediate posterity. The [[quality]] of the social torchbearers will determine whether [[civilization]] goes forward or backward. The [[homes]], churches, and schools of one [[generation]] predetermine the [[character]] [[trend]] of the [[succeeding]] [[generation]]. The [[moral]] and [[spiritual]] [[momentum]] of a race or a nation largely determines the [[cultural]] [[velocity]] of that [[civilization]].

81:6.26 9. ''The racial ideals''. The [[ideals]] of one [[generation]] carve out the [[channels]] of [[destiny]] for immediate posterity. The [[quality]] of the social torchbearers will determine whether [[civilization]] goes forward or backward. The [[homes]], churches, and schools of one [[generation]] predetermine the [[character]] [[trend]] of the [[succeeding]] [[generation]]. The [[moral]] and [[spiritual]] [[momentum]] of a race or a nation largely determines the [[cultural]] [[velocity]] of that [[civilization]].

81:6.27 Ideals elevate the source of the social stream. And no stream will rise any higher than its source no matter what technique of pressure or directional control may be employed. The driving power of even the most material aspects of a cultural civilization is resident in the least material of society's achievements. Intelligence may control the mechanism of civilization, wisdom may direct it, but spiritual idealism is the energy which really uplifts and advances human culture from one level of attainment to another.

81:6.27 [[Ideals]] elevate the [[source]] of the [[social]] [[stream]]. And no stream will rise any higher than its source no matter what [[technique]] of [[pressure]] or directional [[control]] may be employed. The driving power of even the most [[material]] aspects of a [[cultural]] [[civilization]] is resident in the least [[material]] of [[society]]'s [[achievements]]. [[Intelligence]] may [[control]] the [[mechanism]] of [[civilization]], [[wisdom]] may direct it, but [[spiritual]] [[idealism]] is the [[energy]] which really uplifts and advances [[human]] [[culture]] from one [[level]] of [[attainment]] to another.

81:6.28 At first life was a struggle for existence; now, for a standard of living; next it will be for quality of thinking, the coming earthly goal of human existence.

81:6.28 At first life was a [[struggle]] for [[existence]]; now, for a [[standard of living]]; next it will be for [[quality]] of [[thinking]], the coming earthly goal of [[human]] [[existence]].

81:6.29 10. Co-ordination of specialists. Civilization has been enormously advanced by the early division of labor and by its later corollary of specialization. Civilization is now dependent on the effective co-ordination of specialists. As society expands, some method of drawing together the various specialists must be found.

81:6.29 10. ''Co-ordination of specialists''. [[Civilization]] has been enormously advanced by the early division of labor and by its later corollary of specialization. Civilization is now dependent on the [[effective]] [[co-ordination]] of specialists. As [[society]] expands, some [[method]] of drawing [[together]] the various specialists must be found.

81:6.30 Social, artistic, technical, and industrial specialists will continue to multiply and increase in skill and dexterity. And this diversification of ability and dissimilarity of employment will eventually weaken and disintegrate human society if effective means of co-ordination and co-operation are not developed. But the intelligence which is capable of such inventiveness and such specialization should be wholly competent to devise adequate methods of control and adjustment for all problems resulting from the rapid growth of invention and the accelerated pace of cultural expansion.

81:6.30 [[Social]], [[artistic]], [[technical]], and [[industrial]] specialists will continue to multiply and increase in [[skill]] and dexterity. And this [[diversification]] of [[ability]] and dissimilarity of employment will [[eventually]] weaken and disintegrate [[human]] [[society]] if [[effective]] means of [[co-ordination]] and [[co-operation]] are not [[developed]]. But the [[intelligence]] which is capable of such inventiveness and such specialization should be wholly competent to devise adequate [[methods]] of [[control]] and [[adjustment]] for all [[problems]] resulting from the rapid [[growth]] of [[invention]] and the [[accelerated]] [[pace]] of cultural expansion.

81:6.31 11. Place-finding devices. The next age of social development will be embodied in a better and more effective co-operation and co-ordination of ever-increasing and expanding specialization. And as labor more and more diversifies, some technique for directing individuals to suitable employment must be devised. Machinery is not the only cause for unemployment among the civilized peoples of Urantia. Economic complexity and the steady increase of industrial and professional specialism add to the problems of labor placement.

81:6.31 11. ''Place-finding devices''. The next [[age]] of [[social]] [[development]] will be embodied in a better and more [[effective]] [[co-operation]] and [[co-ordination]] of ever-increasing and expanding specialization. And as labor more and more diversifies, some [[technique]] for directing [[individuals]] to suitable employment must be devised. [[Machinery]] is not the only cause for unemployment among the civilized peoples of [[Urantia]]. [[Economic]] [[complexity]] and the steady increase of [[industrial]] and [[professional]] specialism add to the [[problems]] of labor placement.

81:6.32 It is not enough to train men for work; in a complex society there must also be provided efficient methods of place finding. Before training citizens in the highly specialized techniques of earning a living, they should be trained in one or more methods of commonplace labor, trades or callings which could be utilized when they were transiently unemployed in their specialized work. No civilization can survive the long-time harboring of large classes of unemployed. In time, even the best of citizens will become distorted and demoralized by accepting support from the public treasury. Even private charity becomes pernicious when long extended to able-bodied citizens.

81:6.32 It is not enough to train men for [[work]]; in a [[complex]] [[society]] there must also be provided [[efficient]] [[methods]] of place finding. Before [[training]] [[citizens]] in the highly specialized [[techniques]] of earning a living, they should be [[trained]] in one or more [[methods]] of commonplace labor, trades or callings which could be utilized when they were transiently unemployed in their specialized [[work]]. No [[civilization]] can [[survive]] the long-time harboring of large classes of unemployed. In time, even the best of [[citizens]] will become distorted and demoralized by [[accepting]] [[support]] from the [[public]] treasury. Even [[private]] [[charity]] becomes pernicious when long extended to able-bodied [[citizens]].

81:6.33 Such a highly specialized society will not take kindly to the ancient communal and feudal practices of olden peoples. True, many common services can be acceptably and profitably socialized, but highly trained and ultraspecialized human beings can best be managed by some technique of intelligent co-operation. Modernized co-ordination and fraternal regulation will be productive of longer-lived co-operation than will the older and more primitive methods of communism or dictatorial regulative institutions based on force.

81:6.33 Such a highly specialized [[society]] will not take kindly to the [[ancient]] [[communal]] and [[feudal]] [[practices]] of olden peoples. True, many common services can be acceptably and profitably socialized, but highly [[trained]] and ultraspecialized [[human beings]] can best be managed by some [[technique]] of [[intelligent]] [[co-operation]]. [[Modernized]] co-ordination and fraternal [[regulation]] will be productive of longer-lived [[co-operation]] than will the older and more [[primitive]] [[methods]] of [[communism]] or dictatorial regulative [[institutions]] based on [[force]].

81:6.34 12. The willingness to co-operate. One of the great hindrances to the progress of human society is the conflict between the interests and welfare of the larger, more socialized human groups and of the smaller, contrary-minded asocial associations of mankind, not to mention antisocially-minded single individuals.

81:6.34 12. ''The willingness to co-operate''. One of the great hindrances to the [[progress]] of [[human]] [[society]] is the [[conflict]] between the interests and welfare of the larger, more socialized [[human]] groups and of the smaller, [[contrary]]-minded asocial associations of mankind, not to mention antisocially-minded single [[individuals]].

81:6.35 No national civilization long endures unless its educational methods and religious ideals inspire a high type of intelligent patriotism and national devotion. Without this sort of intelligent patriotism and cultural solidarity, all nations tend to disintegrate as a result of provincial jealousies and local self-interests.

81:6.35 No [[national]] [[civilization]] long endures unless its [[educational]] [[methods]] and [[religious]] [[ideals]] inspire a high type of [[intelligent]] [[patriotism]] and [[national]] [[devotion]]. Without this sort of [[intelligent]] [[patriotism]] and cultural [[solidarity]], all nations tend to disintegrate as a result of provincial [[jealousies]] and local self-interests.

81:6.36 The maintenance of world-wide civilization is dependent on human beings learning how to live together in peace and fraternity. Without effective co-ordination, industrial civilization is jeopardized by the dangers of ultraspecialization: monotony, narrowness, and the tendency to breed distrust and jealousy.

81:6.36 The [[maintenance]] of world-wide [[civilization]] is dependent on [[human beings]] learning how to live [[together]] in [[peace]] and fraternity. Without [[effective]] [[co-ordination]], [[industrial]] [[civilization]] is jeopardized by the [[dangers]] of ultraspecialization: monotony, narrowness, and the [[tendency]] to breed distrust and [[jealousy]].

81:6.37 13. Effective and wise leadership. In civilization much, very much, depends on an enthusiastic and effective load-pulling spirit. Ten men are of little more value than one in lifting a great load unless they lift together—all at the same moment. And such teamwork—social co-operation—is dependent on leadership. The cultural civilizations of the past and the present have been based upon the intelligent co-operation of the citizenry with wise and progressive leaders; and until man evolves to higher levels, civilization will continue to be dependent on wise and vigorous leadership.

81:6.37 13.''Effective and wise leadership''. In [[civilization]] much, very much, depends on an [[enthusiastic]] and [[effective]] load-pulling [[spirit]]. Ten men are of little more [[value]] than one in lifting a great load unless they lift [[together]]—all at the same [[moment]]. And such teamwork—social [[co-operation]]—is dependent on [[leadership]]. The cultural [[civilizations]] of the [[past]] and the present have been based upon the [[intelligent]] [[co-operation]] of the citizenry with [[wise]] and [[progressive]] leaders; and until man evolves to higher levels, [[civilization]] will continue to be dependent on wise and [[vigorous]] [[leadership]].

81:6.38 High civilizations are born of the sagacious correlation of material wealth, intellectual greatness, moral worth, social cleverness, and cosmic insight.

81:6.38 High civilizations are born of the [[sagacious]] correlation of [[material]] [[wealth]], [[intellectual]] greatness, [[moral]] [[worth]], social cleverness, and [[cosmic]] [[insight]].

81:6.39 14. Social changes. S ociety is not a divine institution; it is a phenomenon of progressive evolution; and advancing civilization is always delayed when its leaders are slow in making those changes in the social organization which are essential to keeping pace with the scientific developments of the age. For all that, things must not be despised just because they are old, neither should an idea be unconditionally embraced just because it is novel and new.

81:6.39 14. ''Social changes''. [[Society]] is not a [[divine]] [[institution]]; it is a [[phenomenon]] of [[progressive]] [[evolution]]; and advancing [[civilization]] is always delayed when its [[leaders]] are slow in making those [[changes]] in the [[social]] [[organization]] which are [[essential]] to keeping [[pace]] with the [[scientific]] [[developments]] of the age. For all that, [[things]] must not be despised just because they are old, neither should an [[idea]] be unconditionally [[embraced]] just because it is [[novel]] and new.

81:6.40 Man should be unafraid to experiment with the mechanisms of society. But always should these adventures in cultural adjustment be controlled by those who are fully conversant with the history of social evolution; and always should these innovators be counseled by the wisdom of those who have had practical experience in the domains of contemplated social or economic experiment. No great social or economic change should be attempted suddenly. Time is essential to all types of human adjustment—physical, social, or economic. Only moral and spiritual adjustments can be made on the spur of the moment, and even these require the passing of time for the full outworking of their material and social repercussions. The ideals of the race are the chief support and assurance during the critical times when civilization is in transit from one level to another.

81:6.40 Man should be unafraid to [[experiment]] with the [[mechanisms]] of [[society]]. But always should these [[adventures]] in [[cultural]] [[adjustment]] be controlled by those who are fully conversant with the [[history]] of [[social]] [[evolution]]; and always should these innovators be [[counsel]]ed by the [[wisdom]] of those who have had [[practical]] [[experience]] in the [[domains]] of contemplated [[social]] or [[economic]] [[experiment]]. No great social or economic change should be attempted suddenly. [[Time]] is [[essential]] to all [[types]] of [[human]] [[adjustment]]—[[physical]], [[social]], or [[economic]]. Only [[moral]] and [[spiritual]] [[adjustments]] can be made on the spur of the moment, and even these require the passing of time for the full outworking of their [[material]] and [[social]] [[repercussions]]. The [[ideals]] of the [[race]] are the chief [[support]] and [[assurance]] during the [[critical]] times when [[civilization]] is in transit from one [[level]] to another.

81:6.41 15. The prevention of transitional breakdown. Society is the offspring of age upon age of trial and error; it is what survived the selective adjustments and readjustments in the successive stages of mankind's agelong rise from animal to human levels of planetary status. The great danger to any civilization—at any one moment—is the threat of breakdown during the time of transition from the established methods of the past to those new and better, but untried, procedures of the future.

81:6.41 15. ''The prevention of transitional breakdown''. [[Society]] is the offspring of age upon age of [[trial and error]]; it is what [[survived]] the selective [[adjustments]] and readjustments in the [[successive]] [[stages]] of mankind's agelong rise from [[animal]] to [[human]] levels of [[planetary]] [[status]]. The great [[danger]] to any [[civilization]]—at any one [[moment]]—is the threat of breakdown during the time of [[transition]] from the [[established]] [[methods]] of the [[past]] to those new and better, but untried, [[procedures]] of the [[future]].

81:6.42 Leadership is vital to progress. Wisdom, insight, and foresight are indispensable to the endurance of nations. Civilization is never really jeopardized until able leadership begins to vanish. And the quantity of such wise leadership has never exceeded one per cent of the population.

81:6.42 [[Leadership]] is vital to [[progress]]. [[Wisdom]], [[insight]], and [[foresight]] are indispensable to the [[endurance]] of [[nations]]. [[Civilization]] is never really jeopardized until able [[leadership]] begins to vanish. And the [[quantity]] of such [[wise]] [[leadership]] has never exceeded one per cent of the [[population]].

81:6.43 And it was by these rungs on the evolutionary ladder that civilization climbed to that place where those mighty influences could be initiated which have culminated in the rapidly expanding culture of the twentieth century. And only by adherence to these essentials can man hope to maintain his present-day civilizations while providing for their continued development and certain survival.

81:6.43 And it was by these rungs on the [[evolutionary]] ladder that [[civilization]] climbed to that place where those mighty [[influences]] could be [[initiated]] which have culminated in the rapidly expanding [[culture]] of the [http://www.wikpedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century]. And only by [[adherence]] to these [[essentials]] can man [[hope]] to [[maintain]] his present-day [[civilizations]] while providing for their continued [[development]] and certain [[survival]].

81:6.44 This is the gist of the long, long struggle of the peoples of earth to establish civilization since the age of Adam. Present-day culture is the net result of this strenuous evolution. Before the discovery of printing, progress was relatively slow since one generation could not so rapidly benefit from the achievements of its predecessors. But now human society is plunging forward under the force of the accumulated momentum of all the ages through which civilization has struggled.

81:6.44 This is the gist of the long, long [[struggle]] of the peoples of [[earth]] to [[establish]] [[civilization]] since the age of [[Adam]]. Present-day [[culture]] is the net result of this strenuous [[evolution]]. Before the [[discovery]] of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press printing], [[progress]] was [[relatively]] slow since one [[generation]] could not so rapidly benefit from the [[achievements]] of its predecessors. But now [[human]] [[society]] is plunging forward under the [[force]] of the accumulated [[momentum]] of all the ages through which [[civilization]] has struggled.

81:6.45 Sponsored by an [[Archangel]] of [[Nebadon]].

81:6.45 Sponsored by an [[Archangel]] of [[Nebadon]].

<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>

<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>

[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]

[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]