Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] ''primat'', from Anglo-French, from Medieval Latin ''primat''-, ''primas'' archbishop, from [[Latin]], [[leader]], from ''primus''

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] ''primat'', from Anglo-French, from Medieval Latin ''primat''-, ''primas'' archbishop, from [[Latin]], [[leader]], from ''primus''

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_century 13th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_century 13th Century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1often capitalized : a bishop who has [[Priority|precedence]] in a province, a group of provinces, or a [[nation]]

*1often capitalized : a bishop who has [[Priority|precedence]] in a province, a group of provinces, or a [[nation]]

*2archaic : one first in [[authority]] or rank : [[leader]]

*2archaic : one first in [[authority]] or rank : [[leader]]

*3[New Latin ''Primates'', from [[Latin]], plural of ''primat''-, ''primas''] : any of an order (Primates) of [[mammals]] that are characterized especially by advanced [[development]] of binocular [[vision]], specialization of the appendages for grasping, and enlargement of the [[cerebral]] hemispheres and that include [[humans]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apes apes], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkeys monkeys], and related forms (as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] and tarsiers)  

*3[New Latin ''Primates'', from [[Latin]], plural of ''primat''-, ''primas''] : any of an order (Primates) of [[mammals]] that are characterized especially by advanced [[development]] of binocular [[vision]], specialization of the appendages for grasping, and enlargement of the [[cerebral]] hemispheres and that include [[humans]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apes apes], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkeys monkeys], and related forms (as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] and tarsiers)  

==Description==

==Description==

A '''primate''' is a [[mammal]] of the order Primates [[Latin]]: "prime, first rank"), which contains [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosimians prosimians] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simian simians]. Primates arose from [[ancestors]] that lived in the trees of tropical forests; many primate characteristics represent [[adaptations]] to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment. All but a few primate [[species]] remain at least partly [[arboreal]].

A '''primate''' is a [[mammal]] of the order Primates [[Latin]]: "prime, first rank"), which contains [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosimians prosimians] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simian simians]. Primates arose from [[ancestors]] that lived in the trees of tropical forests; many primate characteristics represent [[adaptations]] to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment. All but a few primate [[species]] remain at least partly [[arboreal]].

With the exception of [[humans]], who inhabit every [[continent]],[a] most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa and Asia. They range in size from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Berthe%27s_mouse_lemur Madame Berthe's mouse lemur], which weighs only 30 g (1 oz), to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_lowland_gorilla eastern lowland gorilla], weighing over 200 kg (440 lb). According to [[fossil]] [[evidence]], the primitive [[ancestors]] of primates may have existed in the late [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous Cretaceous] period around 65 million years ago; the oldest known primate is the Late [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleocene Paleocene] ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesiadapis Plesiadapis]'', circa 55–58 million years ago. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_clock Molecular clock] studies suggest the primate branch may be even older, originating in the mid-Cretaceous period around 85 mya.

With the exception of [[humans]], who inhabit every [[continent]],[a] most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa and Asia. They range in size from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Berthe%27s_mouse_lemur Madame Berthe's mouse lemur], which weighs only 30 g (1 oz), to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_lowland_gorilla eastern lowland gorilla], weighing over 200 kg (440 lb). According to [[fossil]] [[evidence]], the primitive [[ancestors]] of primates may have existed in the late [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous Cretaceous] period around 65 million years ago; the oldest known primate is the Late [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleocene Paleocene] ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesiadapis Plesiadapis]'', circa 55–58 million years ago. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_clock Molecular clock] studies suggest the primate branch may be even older, originating in the mid-Cretaceous period around 85 mya.

The order ''Primates'' has traditionally been divided into two main groupings: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosimian prosimians] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simian anthropoids (simians)]. Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates, and include the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemur lemurs] of Madagascar, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorisoidea lorisoids], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsier tarsiers]. Simians include monkeys, apes and hominins. More recently, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy taxonomists] have preferred to split primates into the suborder [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strepsirrhini Strepsirrhini], or wet-nosed primates, consisting of nontarsier prosimians, and the suborder [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplorhini Haplorhini], or dry-nosed primates, consisting of tarsiers and the simians. Simians are divided into two groups: platyrrhine ("flat-nosed") or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_World_monkey New World monkeys] of South and Central America and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catarrhini catarrhine] (narrow-nosed) monkeys and apes of Africa and southeastern Asia. New World monkeys include the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capuchin_monkey capuchin], howler and squirrel monkeys; catarrhines consist of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_World_monkey Old World monkeys] (such as baboons and macaques), gibbons and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_ape great apes]. Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa, South Asia, and East Asia, although fossil evidence shows many other [[species]] were formerly present in Europe. New primate species are still being [[discovered]], more than 25 species were [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates_described_in_the_2000s taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000]s and eleven have been described since 2010.

The order ''Primates'' has traditionally been divided into two main groupings: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosimian prosimians] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simian anthropoids (simians)]. Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates, and include the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemur lemurs] of Madagascar, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorisoidea lorisoids], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsier tarsiers]. Simians include monkeys, apes and hominins. More recently, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy taxonomists] have preferred to split primates into the suborder [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strepsirrhini Strepsirrhini], or wet-nosed primates, consisting of nontarsier prosimians, and the suborder [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplorhini Haplorhini], or dry-nosed primates, consisting of tarsiers and the simians. Simians are divided into two groups: platyrrhine ("flat-nosed") or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_World_monkey New World monkeys] of South and Central America and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catarrhini catarrhine] (narrow-nosed) monkeys and apes of Africa and southeastern Asia. New World monkeys include the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capuchin_monkey capuchin], howler and squirrel monkeys; catarrhines consist of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_World_monkey Old World monkeys] (such as baboons and macaques), gibbons and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_ape great apes]. Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa, South Asia, and East Asia, although fossil evidence shows many other [[species]] were formerly present in Europe. New primate species are still being [[discovered]], more than 25 species were [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates_described_in_the_2000s taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000]s and eleven have been described since 2010.

Considered [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalist_and_specialist_species generalist] mammals, primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics. Some primates (including some great apes and baboons) are primarily [[terrestrial]] rather than [[arboreal]], but all species possess [[adaptations]] for climbing trees. Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree, walking on two or four limbs, knuckle-walking, and swinging between branches of trees ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachiation brachiation]). Primates are characterized by large [[brains]] relative to other [[mammals]], as well as an increased reliance on [[stereoscopic]] [[vision]] at the expense of [[smell]], the dominant sensory system in most [[mammals]]. These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichromacy Three-color vision] has developed in some primates. Most also have [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thumb opposable thumbs] and some have [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehensility prehensile] tails. Many species are [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism sexually dimorphic]; differences include body mass, canine tooth size, and coloration. Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later, but have longer lifespans. Depending on the species, adults may live in solitude, in mated pairs, or in groups of up to hundreds of members.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate]

Considered [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalist_and_specialist_species generalist] mammals, primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics. Some primates (including some great apes and baboons) are primarily [[terrestrial]] rather than [[arboreal]], but all species possess [[adaptations]] for climbing trees. Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree, walking on two or four limbs, knuckle-walking, and swinging between branches of trees ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachiation brachiation]). Primates are characterized by large [[brains]] relative to other [[mammals]], as well as an increased reliance on [[stereoscopic]] [[vision]] at the expense of [[smell]], the dominant sensory system in most [[mammals]]. These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichromacy Three-color vision] has developed in some primates. Most also have [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thumb opposable thumbs] and some have [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehensility prehensile] tails. Many species are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism sexually dimorphic]; differences include body mass, canine tooth size, and coloration. Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later, but have longer lifespans. Depending on the species, adults may live in solitude, in mated pairs, or in groups of up to hundreds of members.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate]

[[Category: Zoology]]

[[Category: Zoology]]

[[Category: Biology]]

[[Category: Biology]]