Difference between revisions of "Sanhedrin"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
Late [[Hebrew]] sanhedhrīn (gĕdhōlāh) (great) Sanhedrin, from [[Greek]] synedrion [[council]], from synedros sitting in council, from syn- + hedra seat | Late [[Hebrew]] sanhedhrīn (gĕdhōlāh) (great) Sanhedrin, from [[Greek]] synedrion [[council]], from synedros sitting in council, from syn- + hedra seat | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1588] |
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
| − | * the supreme [[council]] and [[tribunal]] of the [[Jews]] during [ | + | * the supreme [[council]] and [[tribunal]] of the [[Jews]] during [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-exilic postexilic times] headed by a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Priest_of_Israel High Priest] and having [[religious]], civil, and [[criminal]] [[jurisdiction]] |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | The '''Sanhedrin''' ([[Hebrew]]: סַנְהֶדְרִין; [[Greek]]: συνέδριον,[1] synedrion, "sitting [[together]]," hence "assembly" or "[[council]]") was an assembly of twenty-three [[judges]] appointed in every city in the Biblical [ | + | The '''Sanhedrin''' ([[Hebrew]]: סַנְהֶדְרִין; [[Greek]]: συνέδριον,[1] synedrion, "sitting [[together]]," hence "assembly" or "[[council]]") was an assembly of twenty-three [[judges]] appointed in every city in the Biblical [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_of_Israel Land of Israel]. |
| − | The ''Great Sanhedrin'' was the [ | + | The ''Great Sanhedrin'' was the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_court supreme court] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Israel ancient Israel] made of 71 members. The Great Sanhedrin was made up of a Chief/Prince/Leader called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasi Nasi] (at some times this position may have been held by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen_Gadol Kohen Gadol] or the High Priest), a vice chief justice ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av_Beit_Din Av Beit Din]), and sixty-nine general members. In the Second Temple period, the Great Sanhedrin met in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_of_Hewn_Stones Hall of Hewn Stones] in the Temple in [[Jerusalem]]. The [[court]] convened every day except [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Holidays festivals] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabbat Shabbat]. In the late 3rd century, to avoid persecution, its authoritative decisions were issued under the name of ''Beth HaMidrash''. |
| − | The last binding [[decision]] of the Sanhedrin was in 358, when the [ | + | The last binding [[decision]] of the Sanhedrin was in 358, when the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_Calendar Hebrew Calendar] was adopted. The Sanhedrin was dissolved after continued [[persecution]] by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire Roman Empire]. Over the centuries, there have been attempts to revive the institution, such as the Grand Sanhedrin convened by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte]. |
| − | The Sanhedrin is mentioned in the [[Gospels]] in relation to the [ | + | The Sanhedrin is mentioned in the [[Gospels]] in relation to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanhedrin_Trial_of_Jesus Sanhedrin Trial of Jesus]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanhedrin] |
[[Category: Religion]] | [[Category: Religion]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:49, 13 December 2020
Origin
Late Hebrew sanhedhrīn (gĕdhōlāh) (great) Sanhedrin, from Greek synedrion council, from synedros sitting in council, from syn- + hedra seat
Definition
- the supreme council and tribunal of the Jews during postexilic times headed by a High Priest and having religious, civil, and criminal jurisdiction
Description
The Sanhedrin (Hebrew: סַנְהֶדְרִין; Greek: συνέδριον,[1] synedrion, "sitting together," hence "assembly" or "council") was an assembly of twenty-three judges appointed in every city in the Biblical Land of Israel.
The Great Sanhedrin was the supreme court of ancient Israel made of 71 members. The Great Sanhedrin was made up of a Chief/Prince/Leader called Nasi (at some times this position may have been held by the Kohen Gadol or the High Priest), a vice chief justice (Av Beit Din), and sixty-nine general members. In the Second Temple period, the Great Sanhedrin met in the Hall of Hewn Stones in the Temple in Jerusalem. The court convened every day except festivals and Shabbat. In the late 3rd century, to avoid persecution, its authoritative decisions were issued under the name of Beth HaMidrash.
The last binding decision of the Sanhedrin was in 358, when the Hebrew Calendar was adopted. The Sanhedrin was dissolved after continued persecution by the Roman Empire. Over the centuries, there have been attempts to revive the institution, such as the Grand Sanhedrin convened by Napoleon Bonaparte.
The Sanhedrin is mentioned in the Gospels in relation to the Sanhedrin Trial of Jesus. [1]
