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==Hidden emotions within smiling==
==Hidden emotions within smiling==
[[Happiness]] is most often the [[motivating]] [[cause]] of a smile. However, there are many exceptions, especially among animals. The [[exposure]] of teeth, which may bear a resemblance to a smile, is often used as a threat or [[warning]] display—known as a snarl—or a sign of submission. For chimpanzees, it can also be a sign of [[fear]]. The study of smiles is a part of gelotology, [[psychology]], and [[linguistics]], comprising various [[theories]] of affect, [[humor]], and [[laughter]]. Smiling can also be [[interpreted]] as nervousness in an [[animal]] - humans also smile as a result of nervousness and even [[embarrassment]]. In one [[study]], created to investigate the [[correspondence]] between [[perceived]] meanings of smiles and their morphological and dynamic characteristics, it was found that “perceived embarrassed/nervous smiles had greater amplitude, longer duration…related to those perceived as polite.” Work by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gottman John Gottman] has shown that smiling and other such [[expressions]] of [[positive]] [[emotions]] are important to shaping [[relationships]] with others; [[researchers]] could [[predict]] the [[quality]] of marriages many years into the [[future]] based on the [[number]] of such [[interactions]].
[[Happiness]] is most often the [[motivating]] [[cause]] of a smile. However, there are many exceptions, especially among animals. The [[exposure]] of teeth, which may bear a resemblance to a smile, is often used as a threat or [[warning]] display—known as a snarl—or a sign of submission. For chimpanzees, it can also be a sign of [[fear]]. The study of smiles is a part of gelotology, [[psychology]], and [[linguistics]], comprising various [[theories]] of affect, [[humor]], and [[laughter]]. Smiling can also be [[interpreted]] as nervousness in an [[animal]] - humans also smile as a result of nervousness and even [[embarrassment]]. In one [[study]], created to investigate the [[correspondence]] between [[perceived]] meanings of smiles and their morphological and dynamic characteristics, it was found that “perceived embarrassed/nervous smiles had greater amplitude, longer duration…related to those perceived as polite.” Work by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gottman John Gottman] has shown that smiling and other such [[expressions]] of [[positive]] [[emotions]] are important to shaping [[relationships]] with others; [[researchers]] could [[predict]] the [[quality]] of marriages many years into the [[future]] based on the [[number]] of such [[interactions]].
==Quote==
Joyful [[mirth]] and the ''smile''-equivalent are as [[universal]] as [[music]]. There is a [[morontial]] and a [[spiritual]] equivalent of mirth and [[laughter]]. The ascendant life is about equally divided between [[work]] and [[play]] — [[freedom]] from [[assignment]]. ([[48:4 The Reversion Directors|48:4.1]])
[[Category: Psychology]]
[[Category: Psychology]]
[[Category: Sociology]]
[[Category: Sociology]]
