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[[Political science]] and [[sociology]] have developed a variety of theories and empirical research on social movements. For example, some research in political science highlights the relation between popular movements and the formation of new political parties as well as discussing the function of social movements in relation to agenda setting and influence on politics.

[[Political science]] and [[sociology]] have developed a variety of theories and empirical research on social movements. For example, some research in political science highlights the relation between popular movements and the formation of new political parties as well as discussing the function of social movements in relation to agenda setting and influence on politics.

 

== Definition ==

== Definition ==

Charles Tilly defines big social movements as a series of contentious performances, displays and campaigns by which ordinary people made collective claims on others [Tilly, 2004]. For Tilly, social movements are a major vehicle for ordinary people's participation in public politics [Tilly, 2004:3]. He argues that there are three major elements to a social movement [Tilly, 2004]:

Charles Tilly defines big social movements as a series of contentious performances, displays and campaigns by which ordinary people made collective claims on others [Tilly, 2004]. For Tilly, social movements are a major vehicle for ordinary people's participation in public politics [Tilly, 2004:3]. He argues that there are three major elements to a social movement [Tilly, 2004]:

*Diagnostic frame: the movement organization frames what is the problem or what they are critiquing

*Diagnostic frame: the movement organization frames what is the problem or what they are critiquing

*Prognostic frame: the movement organization frames what is the desirable solution to the problem

*Prognostic frame: the movement organization frames what is the desirable solution to the problem

*Motivational frame: the movement organization frames a "call to arms" by suggesting and encouraging that people take action to solve the problem.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_movement]

*Motivational frame: the movement organization frames a "call to arms" by suggesting and encouraging that people take action to solve the problem.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_movement]

*'''''[[Mass movement]]

==References==

==References==

*Denton E. Morrison. 1978. "Some Notes toward Theory on Relative Deprivation, Social Movements, and Social Change." In Louis E. Genevie, ed., Collective Behavior and Social Movements. Itasca, Ill.: Peacock. pp. 202-209.

*Denton E. Morrison. 1978. "Some Notes toward Theory on Relative Deprivation, Social Movements, and Social Change." In Louis E. Genevie, ed., Collective Behavior and Social Movements. Itasca, Ill.: Peacock. pp. 202-209.

*Immanuel Ness, ed. ''Encyclopedia of American Social Movements'', 2004. ISBN 0-7656-8045-9

*Immanuel Ness, ed. ''Encyclopedia of American Social Movements'', 2004. ISBN 0-7656-8045-9

*David Snow, Sarah A. Soule and Hanspeter Kriesi, ed. [http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/book.asp?ref=9780631226697 Blackwell Companion to Social Movements], Blackwell, 2004.

*David Snow, Sarah A. Soule and Hanspeter Kriesi, ed. [https://www.blackwellpublishing.com/book.asp?ref=9780631226697 Blackwell Companion to Social Movements], Blackwell, 2004.

*Charlotte Ryan and William W. Gamson,  The Art of Reframing Political Debates. Contexts. 2006; 5(1):13-18.

*Charlotte Ryan and William W. Gamson,  The Art of Reframing Political Debates. Contexts. 2006; 5(1):13-18.

*Smelser, Neil J. 1962. Theory of Collective Behavior. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0029293901

*Smelser, Neil J. 1962. Theory of Collective Behavior. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0029293901

* Marco G. Giugni, ''How Social Movements Matter'', University of Minnesota Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8166-2914-5

* Marco G. Giugni, ''How Social Movements Matter'', University of Minnesota Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8166-2914-5

* Rod Bantjes, ''Social Movements in a Global Context'', CSPI, 2007, ISBN 978-1-55130-324-6

* Rod Bantjes, ''Social Movements in a Global Context'', CSPI, 2007, ISBN 978-1-55130-324-6

* Michael Barker, ''Conform or Reform? Social Movements and the Mass Media'', Fifth-Estate-Online - International Journal of Radical Mass Media Criticism. February 2007. [http://www.fifth-estate-online.co.uk/criticsm/conformorreformsocialmovements.html]

* Michael Barker, ''Conform or Reform? Social Movements and the Mass Media'', Fifth-Estate-Online - International Journal of Radical Mass Media Criticism. February 2007. [https://www.fifth-estate-online.co.uk/criticsm/conformorreformsocialmovements.html]

== External links ==

== External links ==

*[http://www.vcn.bc.ca/citizens-handbook/movements.pdf Social Movements: A Summary of What Works (pdf)]

*[https://www.vcn.bc.ca/citizens-handbook/movements.pdf Social Movements: A Summary of What Works (pdf)]

*[http://www.euromovements.info/yearbook/index.php Wiki on Social Movements across Europe]

*[https://www.euromovements.info/yearbook/index.php Wiki on Social Movements across Europe]

[[Category:Sociology]]

[[Category:Sociology]]