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In political science, the term is often used to mean the totality of human relationships, generally in contrast to ''[[state|the State]]'', i.e., the apparatus of rule or government within a territory:
 
In political science, the term is often used to mean the totality of human relationships, generally in contrast to ''[[state|the State]]'', i.e., the apparatus of rule or government within a territory:
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{{quotation|I mean by it [the State] that summation of privileges and dominating positions which are brought into being by extra-economic power... I mean by Society, the totality of concepts of all purely natural relations and institutions between man and man...[http://www.opp.uni-wuppertal.de/oppenheimer/st/state0.htm] Franz Oppenheimer, ''The State.''
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"I mean by it [the State] that summation of privileges and dominating positions which are brought into being by extra-economic power... I mean by Society, the totality of concepts of all purely natural relations and institutions between man and man..."[http://www.opp.uni-wuppertal.de/oppenheimer/st/state0.htm] Franz Oppenheimer, ''The State.''
    
In the [[social sciences]] such as [[sociology]], ''society'' has been used {{Fact|date=February 2007}}to mean a group of people that form a semi-closed [[social system]], in which most interactions are with other individuals belonging to the group.  
 
In the [[social sciences]] such as [[sociology]], ''society'' has been used {{Fact|date=February 2007}}to mean a group of people that form a semi-closed [[social system]], in which most interactions are with other individuals belonging to the group.  
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2. Many phenomena cannot be reduced to individual behavior – to explain certain conditions, a view of something "greater than the sum of its parts" is needed.
 
2. Many phenomena cannot be reduced to individual behavior – to explain certain conditions, a view of something "greater than the sum of its parts" is needed.
 
3. Collectives often endure beyond the lifespan of individual members.
 
3. Collectives often endure beyond the lifespan of individual members.
4. The human condition has always meant going beyond the evidence of our senses; every aspect of our lives is tied to the collective. <ref> Jenkins, R. 2002. ''Foundations of Sociology.''
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4. The human condition has always meant going beyond the evidence of our senses; every aspect of our lives is tied to the collective. Jenkins, R. 2002. ''Foundations of Sociology.''
    
== Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] -->
 
== Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] -->

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