Difference between revisions of "Sow"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| − | [ | + | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] sāwan; akin to Old High German sāwen to sow, [[Latin]] serere, Lithuanian sėti |
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century] before 12th Century] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
::transitive verb | ::transitive verb | ||
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*3: to spread abroad : disperse | *3: to spread abroad : disperse | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | Hand '''sowing''' or (planting) is the [[process]] of casting handfuls of seed over [[prepared]] ground: broadcasting (for which the [[technological]] term is derived from). Usually, a drag or [ | + | Hand '''sowing''' or (planting) is the [[process]] of casting handfuls of seed over [[prepared]] ground: broadcasting (for which the [[technological]] term is derived from). Usually, a drag or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrow_(tool) harrow] is employed to incorporate the [[seed]] into the [[soil]]. Though [[labor]] intensive for any but small areas, this [[method]] is still used in some situations. [[Practice]] is required to sow evenly and at the [[desired]] rate. A hand seeder can be used for sowing, though it is less of a help than it is for the smaller seeds of grasses and legumes. |
| − | Hand sowing may be combined with pre-sowing in [ | + | Hand sowing may be combined with pre-sowing in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_tray seed trays]. This allows the [[plants]] to come to [[strength]] indoors during cold periods (e.g. [[spring]] in temperate countries). |
| − | In [[agriculture]], most [[seed]] is now sown using a [ | + | In [[agriculture]], most [[seed]] is now sown using a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_drill seed drill], which offers greater [[precision]]; seed is sown evenly and at the desired rate. The drill also places the [[seed]] at a measured distance below the [[soil]], so that less seed is required. The standard [[design]] uses a fluted feed metering system, which is volumetric in nature; [[individual]] seeds are not counted. Rows are typically about 10-30 cm apart, depending on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_(agriculture) crop] species and growing conditions. Several row opener types are used depending on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_type soil type] and local [[tradition]]. Grain drills are most often drawn by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tractor tractors], but can also be pulled by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horses]. Pickup trucks are sometimes used, since little draft is required. |
| − | A seed rate of about 100 kg of seed per hectare (2 bushels per acre) is typical, though rates vary considerably depending on crop species, [[soil]] conditions, and [[farmer]]'s [[preference]]. Excessive rates can cause the crop to lodge, while too thin a rate will result in poor utilisation of the [[land]], [[competition]] with [ | + | A seed rate of about 100 kg of seed per hectare (2 bushels per acre) is typical, though rates vary considerably depending on crop species, [[soil]] conditions, and [[farmer]]'s [[preference]]. Excessive rates can cause the crop to lodge, while too thin a rate will result in poor utilisation of the [[land]], [[competition]] with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weed weeds] and a reduction in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_yield yield]. |
| − | Open-field planting refers to the form of sowing used historically in the [[agricultural]] [[context]] whereby [ | + | Open-field planting refers to the form of sowing used historically in the [[agricultural]] [[context]] whereby [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_(agriculture) fields] are [[prepared]] generically and left open, as the name suggests, before being sown directly with seed. The [[seed]] is frequently left uncovered at the [[surface]] of the [[soil]] before germinating and therefore [[exposed]] to the prevailing [[climate]] and conditions like storms etc. This is in [[contrast]] to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedbed seedbed] method used more commonly in domestic gardening or more specific ([[modern]]) agricultural scenarios where the [[seed]] is applied beneath the [[soil]] surface and monitored and manually tended frequently to ensure more successful [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_rates growth rates] and better yields.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowing] |
[[Category: Biology]] | [[Category: Biology]] | ||
[[Category: Botany]] | [[Category: Botany]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:32, 13 December 2020
Origin
Middle English, from Old English sāwan; akin to Old High German sāwen to sow, Latin serere, Lithuanian sėti
- [1] before 12th Century]
Definitions
- transitive verb
- 1: to plant seed for growth especially by scattering
- 2: to set something in motion : begin an enterprise
- transitive verb
- b : to strew with or as if with seed
- c : to introduce into a selected environment : implant
Description
Hand sowing or (planting) is the process of casting handfuls of seed over prepared ground: broadcasting (for which the technological term is derived from). Usually, a drag or harrow is employed to incorporate the seed into the soil. Though labor intensive for any but small areas, this method is still used in some situations. Practice is required to sow evenly and at the desired rate. A hand seeder can be used for sowing, though it is less of a help than it is for the smaller seeds of grasses and legumes.
Hand sowing may be combined with pre-sowing in seed trays. This allows the plants to come to strength indoors during cold periods (e.g. spring in temperate countries).
In agriculture, most seed is now sown using a seed drill, which offers greater precision; seed is sown evenly and at the desired rate. The drill also places the seed at a measured distance below the soil, so that less seed is required. The standard design uses a fluted feed metering system, which is volumetric in nature; individual seeds are not counted. Rows are typically about 10-30 cm apart, depending on the crop species and growing conditions. Several row opener types are used depending on soil type and local tradition. Grain drills are most often drawn by tractors, but can also be pulled by horses. Pickup trucks are sometimes used, since little draft is required.
A seed rate of about 100 kg of seed per hectare (2 bushels per acre) is typical, though rates vary considerably depending on crop species, soil conditions, and farmer's preference. Excessive rates can cause the crop to lodge, while too thin a rate will result in poor utilisation of the land, competition with weeds and a reduction in the yield.
Open-field planting refers to the form of sowing used historically in the agricultural context whereby fields are prepared generically and left open, as the name suggests, before being sown directly with seed. The seed is frequently left uncovered at the surface of the soil before germinating and therefore exposed to the prevailing climate and conditions like storms etc. This is in contrast to the seedbed method used more commonly in domestic gardening or more specific (modern) agricultural scenarios where the seed is applied beneath the soil surface and monitored and manually tended frequently to ensure more successful growth rates and better yields.[2]
