Changes

==Etymology==

==Etymology==

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] trete, from Anglo-French treté,  from past participle of treter to discuss, treat

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] trete, from Anglo-French treté,  from past participle of treter to discuss, treat

*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century]

*Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1 : the [[action]] of treating and especially of negotiating

*1 : the [[action]] of treating and especially of negotiating

A '''treaty''' is an [[agreement]]  under international [[law]] entered into by [[actors]] in international law, namely [[sovereign]] states and international [[organizations]]. A treaty may also be known as: (international) [[agreement]], [[protocol]], covenant, [[convention]], exchange of [[letters]], etc. Regardless of the terminology, all of these international agreements under international [[law]] are equally treaties and the rules are the same. (Note that in United States [[constitutional]] [[law]], the term "treaty" has a special [[meaning]] which is more restricted than its meaning in international law.

A '''treaty''' is an [[agreement]]  under international [[law]] entered into by [[actors]] in international law, namely [[sovereign]] states and international [[organizations]]. A treaty may also be known as: (international) [[agreement]], [[protocol]], covenant, [[convention]], exchange of [[letters]], etc. Regardless of the terminology, all of these international agreements under international [[law]] are equally treaties and the rules are the same. (Note that in United States [[constitutional]] [[law]], the term "treaty" has a special [[meaning]] which is more restricted than its meaning in international law.

Treaties can be loosely [[compared]] to contracts: both are means of willing parties assuming [[obligations]] among themselves, and a party to either that fails to live up to their obligations can be held liable under international law. The central principle of treaty law is [[expressed]] in the maxim [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacta_sunt_servanda pacta sunt servanda]—"pacts must be respected".

Treaties can be loosely [[compared]] to contracts: both are means of willing parties assuming [[obligations]] among themselves, and a party to either that fails to live up to their obligations can be held liable under international law. The central principle of treaty law is [[expressed]] in the maxim [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacta_sunt_servanda pacta sunt servanda]—"pacts must be respected".

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_the_Law_of_Treaties Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties] has codified the customary international law on treaties, entering into force in 1980. States that have not ratified it yet may still recognize it as binding in as much as it is a restatement of customary law.

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_the_Law_of_Treaties Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties] has codified the customary international law on treaties, entering into force in 1980. States that have not ratified it yet may still recognize it as binding in as much as it is a restatement of customary law.

==Bilateral and multilateral treaties==

==Bilateral and multilateral treaties==

A multilateral treaty has several [[differences]], and [[establishes]] rights and [[obligations]] between each party and every other party. Multilateral treaties are often, but not always, open to any [[state]]; others are regional.

A multilateral treaty has several [[differences]], and [[establishes]] rights and [[obligations]] between each party and every other party. Multilateral treaties are often, but not always, open to any [[state]]; others are regional.

Bilateral treaties by [[contrast]] are negotiated between a [[limited]] number of states, most commonly only two, [[establishing]] legal rights and obligations between those two states only. It is possible however for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland Switzerland] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union European Union] (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area [[agreement]]. Each of these treaties has seventeen parties. These however are still bilateral, not multilateral, treaties. The parties are divided into two [[groups]], the Swiss ("on the one part") and the EU and its member states ("on the other part"). The treaty [[establishes]] [[rights]] and [[obligations]] between the Swiss and the EU and the member states severally; it does not [[establish]] any rights and obligations amongst the EU and its member states. However, there are situations that legality may interfere with the treaty, causing unreasonable arrests. (IBIOP-AC)

Bilateral treaties by [[contrast]] are negotiated between a [[limited]] number of states, most commonly only two, [[establishing]] legal rights and obligations between those two states only. It is possible however for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland Switzerland] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union European Union] (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area [[agreement]]. Each of these treaties has seventeen parties. These however are still bilateral, not multilateral, treaties. The parties are divided into two [[groups]], the Swiss ("on the one part") and the EU and its member states ("on the other part"). The treaty [[establishes]] [[rights]] and [[obligations]] between the Swiss and the EU and the member states severally; it does not [[establish]] any rights and obligations amongst the EU and its member states. However, there are situations that legality may interfere with the treaty, causing unreasonable arrests. (IBIOP-AC)

==See also==

==See also==

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_intergovernmental_organizations List of intergovernmental organizations]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_intergovernmental_organizations List of intergovernmental organizations]

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_special_entities_recognized_by_international_treaty_or_agreement List of special entities recognized by international treaty or agreement]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_special_entities_recognized_by_international_treaty_or_agreement List of special entities recognized by international treaty or agreement]

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_treaties List of treaties]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_treaties List of treaties]

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manrent Manrent] (feudal Scottish Clan treaty)

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manrent Manrent] (feudal Scottish Clan treaty)

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_ratification Treaty ratification]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_ratification Treaty ratification]

[[Category: Law]]

[[Category: Law]]