Changes

==Definition==

==Definition==

The word "vegan" was coined in 1944 by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Watson Donald Watson], founder of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_Society Vegan Society], who combined the first three and last two letters of vegetarian to form "vegan," which he saw as "the beginning and end of vegetarian. Vegan is pronounced /ˈviːɡən/[18]. Some people pronounce vegan as /ˈvɛdʒən/, but Watson and the North American Vegetarian Society consider the latter pronunciation to be incorrect.

The word "vegan" was coined in 1944 by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Watson Donald Watson], founder of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_Society Vegan Society], who combined the first three and last two letters of vegetarian to form "vegan," which he saw as "the beginning and end of vegetarian. Vegan is pronounced /ˈviːɡən/[18]. Some people pronounce vegan as /ˈvɛdʒən/, but Watson and the North American Vegetarian Society consider the latter pronunciation to be incorrect.

In 1951, the Vegan Society formally defined veganism as "the doctrine that man should live without exploiting [[animal]]s.” According to this [[understanding]], veganism is not itself a set of [[actions]] or [[practices]] but instead “a principle, from which certain practices logically [[flow]].”

In 1951, the Vegan Society formally defined veganism as "the doctrine that man should live without exploiting [[animal]]s.” According to this [[understanding]], veganism is not itself a set of [[actions]] or [[practices]] but instead “a principle, from which certain practices logically [[flow]].”

 

The Vegan Society has also used other definitions, which put more emphasis on veganism as a [[practice]] or lifestyle:

The Vegan Society has also used other definitions, which put more emphasis on veganism as a [[practice]] or lifestyle:

Other vegan societies use similar definitions. In addition, the words “vegan” and “veganism” are often used to refer to a plant-based diet alone, without any [[connection]] to [[ethical]] or social motivations. Activists commonly argue for [[different]] [[interpretations]] of the terms, and an agreed-upon definition is hard to come by.

Other vegan societies use similar definitions. In addition, the words “vegan” and “veganism” are often used to refer to a plant-based diet alone, without any [[connection]] to [[ethical]] or social motivations. Activists commonly argue for [[different]] [[interpretations]] of the terms, and an agreed-upon definition is hard to come by.

==Veganism==

==Veganism==

'''Veganism''' is a philosophy  and [[lifestyle]] whose adherents seek to exclude the use of animals for food, clothing, or any other purpose. Vegans endeavor not to use or consume animal products of any kind. The most common reasons for becoming a vegan are human [[health]], [[ethical]] commitment or [[moral]] conviction concerning animal rights or welfare, the [[environment]], and [[spiritual]] or [[religious]] concerns. Of particular concern to many vegans are the [[practices]] involved in factory farming and animal testing, and the intensive use of land and other resources for animal farming.

'''Veganism''' is a philosophy  and [[lifestyle]] whose adherents seek to exclude the use of animals for food, clothing, or any other purpose. Vegans endeavor not to use or consume animal products of any kind. The most common reasons for becoming a vegan are human [[health]], [[ethical]] commitment or [[moral]] conviction concerning animal rights or welfare, the [[environment]], and [[spiritual]] or [[religious]] concerns. Of particular concern to many vegans are the [[practices]] involved in factory farming and animal testing, and the intensive use of land and other resources for animal farming.

Properly planned vegan diets are [[health]]ful and have been found to satisfy [[nutrition]]al needs, and may offer protection against heart disease, cancer, and other diseases. Poorly planned vegan diets can be low in levels of calcium, iodine, vitamin B12, iron and vitamin D. Various polls have reported vegans to be between 0.2% and 1.3% of the U.S. [[population]], and between 0.25% and 0.4% of the UK population.

Properly planned vegan diets are [[health]]ful and have been found to satisfy [[nutrition]]al needs, and may offer protection against heart disease, cancer, and other diseases. Poorly planned vegan diets can be low in levels of calcium, iodine, vitamin B12, iron and vitamin D. Various polls have reported vegans to be between 0.2% and 1.3% of the U.S. [[population]], and between 0.25% and 0.4% of the UK population.

==History==

==History==

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_Society Vegan Society] was founded in 1944 by Donald Watson and Elsie Shrigley, in [[response]] to the broadening of the term vegetarian to include the eating of dairy products. The first vegan society in the United States was founded in California in 1948 by Dr. Catherine Nimmo and Rubin Abramowitz and was subsequently incorporated into the American Vegan Society after its founding in 1960 by Jay Dinshah.  In 1984, a "breakaway" group from the Vegan Society, the Movement for Compassionate Living, was founded by former Vegan Society secretary Kathleen Jannaway to promote [[sustainable]] living and self-sufficiency in addition to veganism. Today, there are many vegan [[societies]] worldwide, including national societies in Australia, India, New Zealand, and South Africa. In 1993, the advocacy organization which would become Vegan Outreach was founded by Matt Ball and Jack Norris.

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_Society Vegan Society] was founded in 1944 by Donald Watson and Elsie Shrigley, in [[response]] to the broadening of the term vegetarian to include the eating of dairy products. The first vegan society in the United States was founded in California in 1948 by Dr. Catherine Nimmo and Rubin Abramowitz and was subsequently incorporated into the American Vegan Society after its founding in 1960 by Jay Dinshah.  In 1984, a "breakaway" group from the Vegan Society, the Movement for Compassionate Living, was founded by former Vegan Society secretary Kathleen Jannaway to promote [[sustainable]] living and self-sufficiency in addition to veganism. Today, there are many vegan [[societies]] worldwide, including national societies in Australia, India, New Zealand, and South Africa. In 1993, the advocacy organization which would become Vegan Outreach was founded by Matt Ball and Jack Norris.

In 1994, the annual World Vegan Day was established on November 1 by the then President and Chair of the Vegan Society, Louise Wallis.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan]

In 1994, the annual World Vegan Day was established on November 1 by the then President and Chair of the Vegan Society, Louise Wallis.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan]

[[Category: Health]]

[[Category: Health]]