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• Valid
  :b : [[logic]]ally correct <a valid argument> <valid [[inference]]> ...other [[words]], validity is a [[necessary]] condition for [[truth]] of a deductive syllogism but is not a sufficient condition.
  2 KB (224 words) - 02:42, 13 December 2020
• Conclusion
  ...d fallacies (invalid and misleading arguments). (See Richard Pootiz Ortiz, Logic, Quito: Publiconti, 1994). [[Category: Logic]]
  2 KB (252 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Deduction
  '''Deductive reasoning''' is [[reasoning]] which uses deductive [[argument]]s to move from given statements ([[premise]]s), which are assum The classic example of deductive reasoning, given by [[Aristotle]], is
  7 KB (1,002 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Generalization
  ...onceptual [[model]]). As such, they are the essential basis of all valid [[deductive]] [[inferences]]. The [[process]] of verification is [[necessary]] to deter [[Category: Logic]]
  2 KB (236 words) - 00:09, 13 December 2020
• Inference
  * [[Logic]] studies the laws of valid inference. ==The accuracy of inductive and deductive inferences==
  12 KB (1,790 words) - 23:57, 12 December 2020
• Theorems
  *1: a [[formula]], [[proposition]], or [[statement]] in [[mathematics]] or [[logic]] deduced or to be deduced from other formulas or propositions ...her [[assumptions]]. The concept of a theorem is therefore fundamentally [[deductive]], in [[contrast]] to the notion of a scientific [[theory]], which is [[emp
  3 KB (478 words) - 02:42, 13 December 2020
• Consistent
  ...gation are provable from the [[axioms]] of the theory under its associated deductive system. ...cs, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-order_logic second-order logic], are not complete.
  5 KB (779 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Corollary
  ...harles Sanders Peirce] held that the most important division of kinds of [[deductive]] reasoning is that between corollarial and theorematic. He [[argued]] that [[Category: Logic]]
  3 KB (464 words) - 23:42, 12 December 2020
• Hypothesis
  ...seful hypothesis will enable [[prediction]]s by [[reasoning]] (including [[deductive reasoning]]). It might predict the outcome of an [[experiment]] in a labora Karl Popper's hypothetico-deductive method (also known as the method of "conjectures and refutations") demands
  8 KB (1,204 words) - 17:17, 7 April 2009
• Logic
  '''Logic''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Classical Greek]] λόγος [[logos]]; meaning wo ...reasoning using [[probability]] and to arguments involving [[causality]]. Logic is also commonly used today in [[argumentation theory]]. J. Robert Cox and
  33 KB (4,933 words) - 01:20, 13 December 2020
• Intuition
  ...it is presented. This is without the intervention of other [[idea]]s or [[deductive reasoning]]. ...at is, intuition that is not empirical (''Prolegomena, p.7''). Intuitistic logic was devised by Arend Heyting to accommodate this position (and has been ado
  5 KB (744 words) - 01:22, 13 December 2020
• Inquiry
  ...commonly known as [[abductive reasoning|abductive]], [[deductive reasoning|deductive]], and [[inductive reasoning|inductive]] [[inference]]. ...in response to a phenomenon of interest or a problem of concern, while ''[[deductive reasoning|deduction]]'' is used to clarify, to derive, and to explicate the
  52 KB (6,966 words) - 00:09, 13 December 2020
• Cognitive Science
  ...ologists have experimentally examined the kinds of mistakes people make in deductive [[reason]]ing, the ways that people form and apply [[concepts]], the speed ...analogous to mental operations. To complement psychological experiments on deductive reasoning, concept formation, mental imagery, and analogical problem solvin
  29 KB (4,104 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Knowledge
  ...ition of knowledge requires that the believer's evidence is such that it [[logic]]ally necessitates the truth of the belief. In ''An Introduction to Logic and Scientific Method'' (1934), Morris R. Cohen and Ernest Nagel reviewed t
  14 KB (2,112 words) - 01:23, 13 December 2020
• Worldview
  ...[logic]] showed that fundamental choices of [[axioms]] were essential in [[deductive]] reasoning and that, even having chosen axioms not [[everything]] that was ...relativized into something that is only "true for them". [[Subjective]] [[logic]] is a belief reasoning formalism where beliefs explicitly are subjectively
  16 KB (2,307 words) - 02:41, 13 December 2020
• Learning
  ...ring]], [[seeing]], [[smell]]ing, [[motor skills]], [[touch]] sense, and [[logic]]al thinking [[lobe]]s; informal names given) are stimulated. ...there are two types of learning: [[Inductive reasoning|inductive]], and [[deductive]]. Inductive machine learning methods extract rules and patterns out of ma
  11 KB (1,647 words) - 01:21, 13 December 2020
• Scientific Method
  William Stanley Jevons, ''The principles of science: a treatise on logic and scientific method'' *[[#Predictions from the hypothesis|Predictions]] ([[reasoning]] including [[logic]]al [[deduction]] from [[hypothesis]] and [[theory]])
  54 KB (7,840 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
• Analogy
  ...[literary theory]], and specializations within [[philosophy]] outside of [[logic]], speaks of a mapping from what is typically the more familiar area of exp ...]]'' held to this notion. Kant argued that there can be exactly the same [[Logic of relatives|relation]] between two completely different objects. The same
  22 KB (3,253 words) - 23:42, 12 December 2020
• Social Sciences
  ...e remains, for example, in the time of [[Thomas Hobbes]] who argued that [[deductive reasoning]] from [[axiom]]s created a scientific framework, and hence his ' ...began, as Marx did, in an attempt to weld [[Hegelian]] [[idealism]] and [[logic]] to experimental science, for example in his ''Psychology'' of 1887. Howev
  36 KB (5,164 words) - 02:35, 13 December 2020
• God
  ...types. Arguments against the existence of God typically include empirical, deductive, and inductive types. Conclusions reached include: "God exists and this can ...hey say, if the arguments for God's existence were as solid as the laws of logic, a position summed up by Pascal as: "The heart has reasons which reason kno
  33 KB (4,925 words) - 23:57, 12 December 2020

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