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==Origin==
The word ''tourist'' was used by 1772 and ''tourism'' by 1811.
William F. Theobald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the [[Latin]], 'tornare' and the [[Greek]], 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; movement around a central point or axis'. This [[meaning]] has changed in modern [[English]] to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix –ism is defined as 'an action or [[process]]; typical behaviour or quality', while the suffix, –ist denotes 'one who performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist are combined, they suggest the action of moving in a circle. Describing a circle implies returning to one's starting point, so a tour is a round-trip [[journey]], i.e. the act of leaving and ultimately returning to the original starting point. Therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a tourist."
Today, three schools discuss the roots of 'tourism'. The French School, led by A. Houlot, argues that the term 'tourism' comes from the old Aramaic Tur, which was used for the exploration and movement of people in the [[Bible]]. This word was used for the first time when [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses Moses] began his expedition to the lands of Canaán. Another school of thought, the Onomastic School, considers the origin of the concept not from a linguistic perspective but rather links it to the last name of the French aristocrat [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Della_Tour Della Tour]. According to this school, after Carlos V signed a treaty with England in 1516, in celebration of this event, the future king gave the Della Tour family exclusive rights to conduct commercial transport and related businesses. A third school focuses on the Anglo-Saxon world, and scrutinises Theobald´s thesis. Surmising that the roots of the word 'tourism' lie in the ancient Anglo-Saxon term Torn, these scholars have found [[evidence]] that the term was coined in the 12th century by farmers to denote [[travel]] with an intention to return. Over the centuries, the meaning of the word has shifted. By the middle of the 18th century, English noblemen used the term 'turn' to refer to trips undertaken for [[education]] and cultural [[exploration]]. In [[reality]], the purpose of the noblemen’s trips to the different parts of the kingdom was to acquire [[knowledge]] that was later useful for governing.
==Description==
'''Tourism''' is [[travel]] for [[pleasure]]; also the [[theory]] and [[practice]] of touring, the [[business]] of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. Tourism may be international, or within the traveler's country. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization World Tourism Organization] defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common [[perception]] of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only ", as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for [[leisure]], business and other purposes".
Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases being of vital importance.
Tourism suffered as a result of a strong economic slowdown of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late-2000s_recession late-2000s recession], between the second half of 2008 and the end of 2009, and the outbreak of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic H1N1 influenza virus], but slowly recovered. International tourism receipts (the travel item in the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010. International tourist arrivals surpassed the [[milestone]] of 1 billion tourists globally for the first time in 2012, the same year in which China became the largest spender in international tourism globally with US$102 billion, surpassing Germany and United States. China and emerging markets such as Russia and Brazil had significantly increased their spending over the previous decade.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism]
[[Category: Economics]]
==Origin==
The word ''tourist'' was used by 1772 and ''tourism'' by 1811.
William F. Theobald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the [[Latin]], 'tornare' and the [[Greek]], 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; movement around a central point or axis'. This [[meaning]] has changed in modern [[English]] to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix –ism is defined as 'an action or [[process]]; typical behaviour or quality', while the suffix, –ist denotes 'one who performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist are combined, they suggest the action of moving in a circle. Describing a circle implies returning to one's starting point, so a tour is a round-trip [[journey]], i.e. the act of leaving and ultimately returning to the original starting point. Therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a tourist."
Today, three schools discuss the roots of 'tourism'. The French School, led by A. Houlot, argues that the term 'tourism' comes from the old Aramaic Tur, which was used for the exploration and movement of people in the [[Bible]]. This word was used for the first time when [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses Moses] began his expedition to the lands of Canaán. Another school of thought, the Onomastic School, considers the origin of the concept not from a linguistic perspective but rather links it to the last name of the French aristocrat [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Della_Tour Della Tour]. According to this school, after Carlos V signed a treaty with England in 1516, in celebration of this event, the future king gave the Della Tour family exclusive rights to conduct commercial transport and related businesses. A third school focuses on the Anglo-Saxon world, and scrutinises Theobald´s thesis. Surmising that the roots of the word 'tourism' lie in the ancient Anglo-Saxon term Torn, these scholars have found [[evidence]] that the term was coined in the 12th century by farmers to denote [[travel]] with an intention to return. Over the centuries, the meaning of the word has shifted. By the middle of the 18th century, English noblemen used the term 'turn' to refer to trips undertaken for [[education]] and cultural [[exploration]]. In [[reality]], the purpose of the noblemen’s trips to the different parts of the kingdom was to acquire [[knowledge]] that was later useful for governing.
==Description==
'''Tourism''' is [[travel]] for [[pleasure]]; also the [[theory]] and [[practice]] of touring, the [[business]] of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. Tourism may be international, or within the traveler's country. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization World Tourism Organization] defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common [[perception]] of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only ", as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for [[leisure]], business and other purposes".
Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases being of vital importance.
Tourism suffered as a result of a strong economic slowdown of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late-2000s_recession late-2000s recession], between the second half of 2008 and the end of 2009, and the outbreak of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic H1N1 influenza virus], but slowly recovered. International tourism receipts (the travel item in the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010. International tourist arrivals surpassed the [[milestone]] of 1 billion tourists globally for the first time in 2012, the same year in which China became the largest spender in international tourism globally with US$102 billion, surpassing Germany and United States. China and emerging markets such as Russia and Brazil had significantly increased their spending over the previous decade.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism]
[[Category: Economics]]
