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'''Design''' is used both as a noun and a verb. The term is often tied to the various applied arts and engineering. As a verb, "to design" refers to the [[process]] of originating and developing a plan for a product, [[structure]], [[system]], or component with [[intention]][1]. As a noun, "a design" is used for either the final (solution) plan (e.g. proposal, drawing, [[model]], description) or the result of implementing that plan in the form of the final product of a design process[2]. This classification aside, in its broadest sense no other limitations exist and the final product can be anything from socks and jewellery to graphical user interfaces and charts. Even virtual [[concepts]] such as corporate [[identity]] and cultural [[tradition]]s such as celebration of certain holidays[3] are sometimes designed. More recently, processes (in general) have also been treated as products of design, giving new [[meaning]] to the term "process design".

'''Design''' is used both as a noun and a verb. The term is often tied to the various applied arts and engineering. As a verb, "to design" refers to the [[process]] of originating and developing a plan for a product, [[structure]], [[system]], or component with [[intention]][1]. As a noun, "a design" is used for either the final (solution) plan (e.g. proposal, drawing, [[model]], description) or the result of implementing that plan in the form of the final product of a design process[2]. This classification aside, in its broadest sense no other limitations exist and the final product can be anything from socks and jewellery to graphical user interfaces and charts. Even virtual [[concepts]] such as corporate [[identity]] and cultural [[tradition]]s such as celebration of certain holidays[3] are sometimes designed. More recently, processes (in general) have also been treated as products of design, giving new [[meaning]] to the term "process design".

Typical stages of the design process include:

Typical stages of the design process include:

*'''Pre-production design'''

*'''Pre-production design'''

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_brief Design brief] - a statement of design goals

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_brief Design brief] - a statement of design goals

** [[Analysis]] - analysis of current design goals

** [[Analysis]] - analysis of current design goals

** [[Research]] - investigating similar design solutions in the field or related topics

** [[Research]] - investigating similar design solutions in the field or related topics

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification Specification] - specifying requirements of a design solution for a product (product design specification) or service.

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification Specification] - specifying requirements of a design solution for a product (product design specification) or service.

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving Problem solving] - [[concept]]ualizing and documenting design solutions

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving Problem solving] - [[concept]]ualizing and documenting design solutions

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation Presentation] - presenting design solutions

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation Presentation] - presenting design solutions

*'''Design during production'''

*'''Design during production'''

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_development Development] - continuation and improvement of a designed solution

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_development Development] - continuation and improvement of a designed solution

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testing Testing] - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-situ in-situ] testing a designed solution

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testing Testing] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-situ in-situ] testing a designed solution

* '''Post-production design feedback for future designs'''

* '''Post-production design feedback for future designs'''

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implementation Implementation]  - introducing the designed solution into the environment

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implementation Implementation]  - introducing the designed solution into the environment

** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation Evaluation] and conclusion - summary of [[process]] and results, including constructive criticism and suggestions for future improvements

** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation Evaluation] and conclusion - summary of [[process]] and results, including constructive criticism and suggestions for future improvements

* '''Redesign''' - any or all stages in the design process repeated (with corrections made) at any time before, during, or after production.

* '''Redesign''' - any or all stages in the design process repeated (with corrections made) at any time before, during, or after production.

===Philosophies for the purpose of designs===

===Philosophies for the purpose of designs===

In [[philosophy]], the abstract noun "design" refers to a pattern with a [[purpose]]. Design is thus contrasted with purposelessness, [[randomness]], or lack of [[complexity]].  

In [[philosophy]], the abstract noun "design" refers to a pattern with a [[purpose]]. Design is thus contrasted with purposelessness, [[random]]ness, or lack of [[complexity]].  

To study the purpose of designs, beyond individual goals (e.g. [[marketing]], [[technology]], [[education]], [[entertainment]], [[hobbies]]), is to question the controversial [[politics]], morals, [[ethics]] and needs such as [[Maslow]]'s [[hierarchy]] of needs. "Purpose" may also lead to [[Existentialism|existential]] questions such as [[religion|religious morals]] and [[purpose|teleology]]. These philosophies for the "purpose of" designs are in contrast to philosophies for guiding design or methodology.  

To study the purpose of designs, beyond individual goals (e.g. marketing, [[technology]], [[education]], entertainment, hobbies), is to question the controversial [[politics]], morals, [[ethics]] and needs such as [[Maslow]]'s [[hierarchy]] of needs. "Purpose" may also lead to [[existential]] questions such as [[religion|religious morals]] and [[purpose|teleology]]. These philosophies for the "purpose of" designs are in contrast to philosophies for guiding design or methodology.  

Often a designer (especially in commercial situations) is not in a position to define purpose. Whether a designer is, is not, or should be concerned with purpose or intended use beyond what they are expressly hired to influence, is debatable, depending on the situation. Not understanding or disinterest in the wider role of design in society might also be attributed to the commissioning agent or client, rather than the designer.

Often a designer (especially in commercial situations) is not in a position to define purpose. Whether a designer is, is not, or should be concerned with purpose or intended use beyond what they are expressly hired to influence, is debatable, depending on the situation. Not understanding or disinterest in the wider role of design in society might also be attributed to the commissioning agent or client, rather than the designer.

==External links==

==External links==

*[http://finddesign.blinkr.net Design Search Engine]  

*[https://finddesign.blinkr.net Design Search Engine]  

*[http://www.design-training.com/what-is-design.html What is design?]

*[https://www.design-training.com/what-is-design.html What is design?]

==Footnotes==

==Footnotes==

# See dictionary meanings in the Cambridge Dictionary of American English, at Dictionary.com (esp. meanings 1-5 and 7-8) and at AskOxford (esp. verbs).

# See dictionary meanings in the Cambridge Dictionary of American English, at Dictionary.com (esp. meanings 1-5 and 7-8) and at AskOxford (esp. verbs).

# Holm, Ivar (2006). Ideas and Beliefs in Architecture and Industrial design: How attitudes, orientations and underlying assumptions shape the built environment. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. ISBN 8254701741.

# Holm, Ivar (2006). Ideas and Beliefs in Architecture and Industrial design: How attitudes, orientations and underlying assumptions shape the built environment. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. ISBN 8254701741.

# Mark Getlein, Living With Art, 8th ed. (New York: 2008) 121.

# Mark Getlein, Living With Art, 8th ed. (New York: 2008) 121.

# American Psychological Association (APA): design. (n.d.). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Retrieved January 10, 2007, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/design

# American Psychological Association (APA): design. (n.d.). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Retrieved January 10, 2007, from Dictionary.com website: https://dictionary.reference.com/browse/design

# American Psychological Association (APA): engineering. (n.d.). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Retrieved January 10, 2007, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/engineering

# American Psychological Association (APA): engineering. (n.d.). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Retrieved January 10, 2007, from Dictionary.com website: https://dictionary.reference.com/browse/engineering

# Examines the role of embedded behaviour in human environments.

# Examines the role of embedded behaviour in human environments.

# Concerns the existence and construction of mathematical set systems that have specified numerical properties.

# Concerns the existence and construction of mathematical set systems that have specified numerical properties.