Changes

84:1.2 [[Woman]], because of [[physical]] and [[emotional]] attachment to her [[offspring]], is dependent on [[co-operation]] with the [[male]], and this urges her into the sheltering [[protection]] of [[marriage]]. But no direct [[biologic]] urge led man into marriage—much less held him in. It was not [[love]] that made marriage [[attractive]] to man, but [[food]] hunger which first attracted [[savage]] man to woman and the [[primitive]] [[shelter]] shared by her [[children]].

84:1.2 [[Woman]], because of [[physical]] and [[emotional]] attachment to her [[offspring]], is dependent on [[co-operation]] with the [[male]], and this urges her into the sheltering [[protection]] of [[marriage]]. But no direct [[biologic]] urge led man into marriage—much less held him in. It was not [[love]] that made marriage [[attractive]] to man, but [[food]] hunger which first attracted [[savage]] man to woman and the [[primitive]] [[shelter]] shared by her [[children]].

84:1.3 [[Marriage]] was not even brought about by the [[conscious]] realization of the [[obligations]] of [[sex]] [[relations]]. [[Primitive]] man [[comprehended]] no [[connection]] between [[sex]] indulgence and the subsequent [[birth]] of a child. It was once [[universally]] believed that a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin] could become [[pregnant]]. The [[savage]] early conceived the [[idea]] that babies were made in spiritland; [[pregnancy]] was believed to be the result of a [[woman]]'s being entered by a [[spirit]], an evolving [[ghost]]. Both diet and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil_eye evil eye] were also believed to be capable of causing [[pregnancy]] in a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin] or unmarried woman, while later [[beliefs]] connected the beginnings of life with the [[breath]] and with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight sunlight].

84:1.3 [[Marriage]] was not even brought about by the [[conscious]] realization of the [[obligations]] of [[sex]] [[relations]]. [[Primitive]] man [[comprehended]] no [[connection]] between [[sex]] indulgence and the subsequent [[birth]] of a child. It was once [[universally]] believed that a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin] could become [[pregnant]]. The [[savage]] early conceived the [[idea]] that babies were made in spiritland; [[pregnancy]] was believed to be the result of a [[woman]]'s being entered by a [[spirit]], an evolving [[ghost]]. Both diet and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil_eye evil eye] were also believed to be capable of causing [[pregnancy]] in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin] or unmarried woman, while later [[beliefs]] connected the beginnings of life with the [[breath]] and with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight sunlight].

84:1.4 Many early peoples [[associated]] [[ghosts]] with the [[sea]]; hence virgins were greatly restricted in their bathing [[practices]]; young women were far more afraid of bathing in the [[sea]] at high [[tide]] than of having [[sex]] relations. Deformed or premature babies were regarded as the young of [[animals]] which had found their way into a [[woman]]'s [[body]] as a result of careless [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathing bathing] or through malevolent [[spirit]] [[activity]]. [[Savage]]s, of course, thought nothing of strangling such [[offspring]] at [[birth]].

84:1.4 Many early peoples [[associated]] [[ghosts]] with the [[sea]]; hence virgins were greatly restricted in their bathing [[practices]]; young women were far more afraid of bathing in the [[sea]] at high [[tide]] than of having [[sex]] relations. Deformed or premature babies were regarded as the young of [[animals]] which had found their way into a [[woman]]'s [[body]] as a result of careless [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathing bathing] or through malevolent [[spirit]] [[activity]]. [[Savage]]s, of course, thought nothing of strangling such [[offspring]] at [[birth]].

84:1.5 The first step in [[enlightenment]] came with the [[belief]] that [[sex]] relations opened up the way for the impregnating [[ghost]] to enter the [[female]]. Man has since [[discovered]] that [[father]] and [[mother]] are [[equal]] contributors of the living [[inheritance]] [[factors]] which [[initiate]] [[offspring]]. But even in the twentieth century many [[parents]] still endeavor to keep their [[children]] in more or less [[ignorance]] as to the [[origin]] of [[human]] life.

84:1.5 The first step in [[enlightenment]] came with the [[belief]] that [[sex]] relations opened up the way for the impregnating [[ghost]] to enter the [[female]]. Man has since [[discovered]] that [[father]] and [[mother]] are [[equal]] contributors of the living [[inheritance]] [[factors]] which [[initiate]] [[offspring]]. But even in the twentieth century many [[parents]] still endeavor to keep their [[children]] in more or less [[ignorance]] as to the [[origin]] of [[human]] life.

84:1.6 A [[family]] of some simple sort was insured by the [[fact]] that the [[reproductive]] [[function]] entails the [[mother]]-[[child]] [[relationship]]. [[Mother]] [[love]] is [[instinctive]]; it did not originate in the [[mores]] as did marriage. All [[mammal]]ian [[mother]] [[love]] is the [[inherent]] [[endowment]] of the [[adjutant mind-spirits]] of the [[local universe]] and is in [[strength]] and [[devotion]] always directly [[proportional]] to the length of the helpless [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infancy infancy] of the [[species]].

84:1.6 A [[family]] of some simple sort was insured by the [[fact]] that the [[reproductive]] [[function]] entails the [[mother]]-[[child]] [[relationship]]. [[Mother]] [[love]] is [[instinctive]]; it did not originate in the [[mores]] as did marriage. All [[mammal]]ian [[mother]] [[love]] is the [[inherent]] [[endowment]] of the [[adjutant mind-spirits]] of the [[local universe]] and is in [[strength]] and [[devotion]] always directly [[proportional]] to the length of the helpless [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infancy infancy] of the [[species]].

84:1.7 The [[mother]] and [[child]] [[relation]] is [[natural]], strong, and [[instinctive]], and one which, therefore, constrained [[primitive]] [[woman]] to submit to many strange conditions and to [[endure]] untold [[hardships]]. This compelling mother [[love]] is the [[handicapping]] [[emotion]] which has always placed [[woman]] at such a tremendous disadvantage in all her [[struggles]] with man. Even at that, [[maternal]] [[instinct]] in the [[human]] [[species]] is not overpowering; it may be thwarted by [[ambition]], selfishness, and [[religious]] [[conviction]].

84:1.7 The [[mother]] and [[child]] [[relation]] is [[natural]], strong, and [[instinctive]], and one which, therefore, constrained [[primitive]] [[woman]] to submit to many strange conditions and to [[endure]] untold [[hardships]]. This compelling mother [[love]] is the [[handicapping]] [[emotion]] which has always placed [[woman]] at such a tremendous disadvantage in all her [[struggles]] with man. Even at that, [[maternal]] [[instinct]] in the [[human]] [[species]] is not overpowering; it may be thwarted by [[ambition]], selfishness, and [[religious]] [[conviction]].

==84:2. THE EARLY MOTHER-FAMILY==

==84:2. THE EARLY MOTHER-FAMILY==

84:2.1 The [[woman]]'s [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstrual_cycle periodic hemorrhage] and her further loss of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood blood] at [[childbirth]] early suggested blood as the [[creator]] of the child (even as the seat of the [[soul]]) and gave [[origin]] to the blood-bond [[concept]] of [[human]] [[relationships]]. In early times all [[descent]] was reckoned in the [[female]] line, that being the only part of inheritance which was at all certain.

84:2.1 The [[woman]]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstrual_cycle periodic hemorrhage] and her further loss of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood blood] at [[childbirth]] early suggested blood as the [[creator]] of the child (even as the seat of the [[soul]]) and gave [[origin]] to the blood-bond [[concept]] of [[human]] [[relationships]]. In early times all [[descent]] was reckoned in the [[female]] line, that being the only part of inheritance which was at all certain.

84:2.2 The [[primitive]] [[family]], growing out of the [[instinctive]] [[biologic]] blood bond of [[mother]] and [[child]], was inevitably a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family]; and many [[tribes]] long held to this arrangement. The mother-family was the only possible [[transition]] from the stage of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_marriage group marriage] in the horde to the later and improved [[home]] life of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygamy polygamous] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamous] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-families]. The mother-family was [[natural]] and [[biologic]]; the father-family is [[social]], [[economic]], and [[political]]. The [[persistence]] of the mother-family among the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas North American red men] is one of the chief reasons why the otherwise [[progressive]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroquois Iroquois] never became a real [[state]].

84:2.2 The [[primitive]] [[family]], growing out of the [[instinctive]] [[biologic]] blood bond of [[mother]] and [[child]], was inevitably a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family]; and many [[tribes]] long held to this arrangement. The mother-family was the only possible [[transition]] from the stage of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_marriage group marriage] in the horde to the later and improved [[home]] life of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygamy polygamous] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamous] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-families]. The mother-family was [[natural]] and [[biologic]]; the father-family is [[social]], [[economic]], and [[political]]. The [[persistence]] of the mother-family among the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas North American red men] is one of the chief reasons why the otherwise [[progressive]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroquois Iroquois] never became a real [[state]].

84:2.3 Under the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] [[mores]] the [[wife]]'s [[mother]] enjoyed [[virtually]] supreme [[authority]] in the [[home]]; even the wife's brothers and their sons were more [[active]] in [[family]] supervision than was the [[husband]]. [[Fathers]] were often renamed after their own [[children]].

84:2.3 Under the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] [[mores]] the [[wife]]'s [[mother]] enjoyed [[virtually]] supreme [[authority]] in the [[home]]; even the wife's brothers and their sons were more [[active]] in [[family]] supervision than was the [[husband]]. [[Fathers]] were often renamed after their own [[children]].

84:2.4 The earliest races gave little credit to the [[father]], looking upon the child as coming altogether from the [[mother]]. They believed that [[children]] resembled the [[father]] as a result of [[association]], or that they were "marked" in this [[manner]] because the mother [[desired]] them to look like the [[father]]. Later on, when the switch came from the mother-family to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family], the [[father]] took all credit for the child, and many of the [[taboos]] on a [[pregnant]] [[woman]] were subsequently extended to include her [[husband]]. The prospective [[father]] ceased [[work]] as the time of delivery approached, and at [[childbirth]] he went to bed, along with the wife, remaining at rest from three to eight days. The wife might arise the next day and engage in hard [[labor]], but the [[husband]] remained in bed to receive congratulations; this was all a part of the early [[mores]] designed to [[establish]] the [[father]]'s [[right]] to the child.

84:2.4 The earliest races gave little credit to the [[father]], looking upon the child as coming altogether from the [[mother]]. They believed that [[children]] resembled the [[father]] as a result of [[association]], or that they were "marked" in this [[manner]] because the mother [[desired]] them to look like the [[father]]. Later on, when the switch came from the mother-family to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family], the [[father]] took all credit for the child, and many of the [[taboos]] on a [[pregnant]] [[woman]] were subsequently extended to include her [[husband]]. The prospective [[father]] ceased [[work]] as the time of delivery approached, and at [[childbirth]] he went to bed, along with the wife, remaining at rest from three to eight days. The wife might arise the next day and engage in hard [[labor]], but the [[husband]] remained in bed to receive congratulations; this was all a part of the early [[mores]] designed to [[establish]] the [[father]]'s [[right]] to the child.

84:2.5 At first, it was the [[custom]] for the man to go to his [[wife]]'s people, but in later times, after a man had paid or worked out the bride price, he could take his [[wife]] and [[children]] back to his own people. The [[transition]] from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family] explains the otherwise meaningless prohibitions of some types of cousin [[marriages]] while others of [[equal]] [[kinship]] are approved.

84:2.5 At first, it was the [[custom]] for the man to go to his [[wife]]'s people, but in later times, after a man had paid or worked out the bride price, he could take his [[wife]] and [[children]] back to his own people. The [[transition]] from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family] explains the otherwise meaningless prohibitions of some types of cousin [[marriages]] while others of [[equal]] [[kinship]] are approved.

84:2.6 With the passing of the [[hunter]] [[mores]], when herding gave man [[control]] of the chief [[food]] supply, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] came to a speedy end. It failed simply because it could not successfully [[compete]] with the newer [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family]. [[Power]] lodged with the [[male]] relatives of the [[mother]] could not [[compete]] with power [[concentrated]] in the [[husband]]-[[father]]. [[Woman]] was not [[equal]] to the combined tasks of childbearing and of exercising continuous [[authority]] and increasing [[domestic]] [[power]]. The oncoming of wife stealing and later wife purchase hastened the passing of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family].

84:2.6 With the passing of the [[hunter]] [[mores]], when herding gave man [[control]] of the chief [[food]] supply, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family] came to a speedy end. It failed simply because it could not successfully [[compete]] with the newer [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrilineal father-family]. [[Power]] lodged with the [[male]] relatives of the [[mother]] could not [[compete]] with power [[concentrated]] in the [[husband]]-[[father]]. [[Woman]] was not [[equal]] to the combined tasks of childbearing and of exercising continuous [[authority]] and increasing [[domestic]] [[power]]. The oncoming of wife stealing and later wife purchase hastened the passing of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality mother-family].

84:2.7 The stupendous [[change]] from the mother-family to the father-family is one of the most [[radical]] and complete right-about-face [[adjustments]] ever [[executed]] by the [[human]] [[race]]. This change led at once to greater [[social]] [[expression]] and increased [[family]] [[adventure]].

84:2.7 The stupendous [[change]] from the mother-family to the father-family is one of the most [[radical]] and complete right-about-face [[adjustments]] ever [[executed]] by the [[human]] [[race]]. This change led at once to greater [[social]] [[expression]] and increased [[family]] [[adventure]].

84:3.1 It may be that the [[instinct]] of [[motherhood]] led [[woman]] into [[marriage]], but it was [[Male|man]]'s superior [[strength]], [[together]] with the [[influence]] of the [[mores]], that virtually [[compelled]] her to remain in wedlock. [

84:3.1 It may be that the [[instinct]] of [[motherhood]] led [[woman]] into [[marriage]], but it was [[Male|man]]'s superior [[strength]], [[together]] with the [[influence]] of the [[mores]], that virtually [[compelled]] her to remain in wedlock. [

to lead forth from within [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral pastoral] living tended to [[create]] a new [[system]] of [[mores]], the [[patriarchal]] type of [[family]] life; and the basis of family [[unity]] under the herder and early [[agricultural]] [[mores]] was the unquestioned and [[arbitrary]] [[authority]] of the [[father]]. All [[society]], whether [[national]] or [[familial]], passed through the [[stage]] of the [[autocratic]] [[authority]] of a [[patriarchal]] order.

to lead forth from within [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral pastoral] living tended to [[create]] a new [[system]] of [[mores]], the [[patriarchal]] type of [[family]] life; and the basis of family [[unity]] under the herder and early [[agricultural]] [[mores]] was the unquestioned and [[arbitrary]] [[authority]] of the [[father]]. All [[society]], whether [[national]] or [[familial]], passed through the [[stage]] of the [[autocratic]] [[authority]] of a [[patriarchal]] order.

84:3.2 The scant [[courtesy]] paid [[womankind]] during the [[Old Testament]] era is a true [[reflection]] of the [[mores]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral herdsmen]. The [[Hebrew]] [[patriarchs]] were all herdsmen, as is [[witnessed]] by the saying, "The Lord is my Shepherd."[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Psalms#Psalm_23]

84:3.2 The scant [[courtesy]] paid [[womankind]] during the [[Old Testament]] era is a true [[reflection]] of the [[mores]] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral herdsmen]. The [[Hebrew]] [[patriarchs]] were all herdsmen, as is [[witnessed]] by the saying, "The Lord is my Shepherd."[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Psalms#Psalm_23]

84:3.3 But man was no more to blame for his low [[opinion]] of [[woman]] during past ages than was woman herself. She failed to get [[social]] [[recognition]] during [[primitive]] times because she did not [[function]] in an [[emergency]]; she was not a spectacular or [[crisis]] [[hero]]. [[Maternity]] was a distinct [[disability]] in the [[existence]] [[struggle]]; [[mother]] [[love]] [[handicapped]] women in the [[tribal]] [[defense]].

84:3.3 But man was no more to blame for his low [[opinion]] of [[woman]] during past ages than was woman herself. She failed to get [[social]] [[recognition]] during [[primitive]] times because she did not [[function]] in an [[emergency]]; she was not a spectacular or [[crisis]] [[hero]]. [[Maternity]] was a distinct [[disability]] in the [[existence]] [[struggle]]; [[mother]] [[love]] [[handicapped]] women in the [[tribal]] [[defense]].

84:3.5 Among the more advanced races, [[women]] are not so large or so [[strong]] as [[men]]. Woman, being the weaker, therefore became the more [[tactful]]; she early learned to trade upon her [[sex]] [[charms]]. She became more alert and [[conservative]] than man, though slightly less [[profound]]. Man was woman's superior on the [[battlefield]] and in the [[hunt]]; but at [[home]] woman has usually outgeneraled even the most [[primitive]] of men.

84:3.5 Among the more advanced races, [[women]] are not so large or so [[strong]] as [[men]]. Woman, being the weaker, therefore became the more [[tactful]]; she early learned to trade upon her [[sex]] [[charms]]. She became more alert and [[conservative]] than man, though slightly less [[profound]]. Man was woman's superior on the [[battlefield]] and in the [[hunt]]; but at [[home]] woman has usually outgeneraled even the most [[primitive]] of men.

84:3.6 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd herdsman] looked to his flocks for sustenance, but throughout these [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral pastoral] ages woman must still provide the [[vegetable]] [[food]]. [[Primitive]] man shunned the [[soil]]; it was altogether too peaceful, too unadventuresome. There was also an old [[superstition]] that women could raise better [[plants]]; they were [[mothers]]. In many backward [[tribes]] today, the men cook the meat, the women the vegetables, and when the primitive tribes of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Aborigines Australia] are on the march, the women never attack game, while a man would not stoop to dig a root.

84:3.6 The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd herdsman] looked to his flocks for sustenance, but throughout these [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoral pastoral] ages woman must still provide the [[vegetable]] [[food]]. [[Primitive]] man shunned the [[soil]]; it was altogether too peaceful, too unadventuresome. There was also an old [[superstition]] that women could raise better [[plants]]; they were [[mothers]]. In many backward [[tribes]] today, the men cook the meat, the women the vegetables, and when the primitive tribes of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Aborigines Australia] are on the march, the women never attack game, while a man would not stoop to dig a root.

84:3.7 [[Woman]] has always had to [[work]]; at least right up to [[modern]] times the female has been a real producer. Man has usually chosen the easier path, and this inequality has existed throughout the entire [[history]] of the [[human]] [[race]]. Woman has always been the burden bearer, carrying the [[family]] [[property]] and tending the [[children]], thus leaving the man's hands [[free]] for [[Warrior|fighting]] or [[hunting]].

84:3.7 [[Woman]] has always had to [[work]]; at least right up to [[modern]] times the female has been a real producer. Man has usually chosen the easier path, and this inequality has existed throughout the entire [[history]] of the [[human]] [[race]]. Woman has always been the burden bearer, carrying the [[family]] [[property]] and tending the [[children]], thus leaving the man's hands [[free]] for [[Warrior|fighting]] or [[hunting]].

84:3.8 [[Woman]]'s first [[liberation]] came when man consented to till the [[soil]], consented to do what had theretofore been regarded as woman's work. It was a great step forward when [[male]] captives were no longer killed but were [[enslaved]] as [[agriculturists]]. This brought about the [[liberation]] of woman so that she could [[devote]] more time to [[homemaking]] and [[child]] [[culture]].

84:3.8 [[Woman]]'s first [[liberation]] came when man consented to till the [[soil]], consented to do what had theretofore been regarded as woman's work. It was a great step forward when [[male]] captives were no longer killed but were [[enslaved]] as [[agriculturists]]. This brought about the [[liberation]] of woman so that she could [[devote]] more time to [[homemaking]] and [[child]] [[culture]].

84:3.9 The [[provision]] of milk for the young led to earlier [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaning weaning] of babies, hence to the [[Birth|bearing]] of more [[children]] by the [[mothers]] thus relieved of their sometimes temporary barrenness, while the use of cow's milk and goat's milk greatly reduced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_mortality infant mortality]. Before the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd herding] [[stage]] of [[society]], mothers used to nurse their babies until they were four and five years old.

84:3.9 The [[provision]] of milk for the young led to earlier [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaning weaning] of babies, hence to the [[Birth|bearing]] of more [[children]] by the [[mothers]] thus relieved of their sometimes temporary barrenness, while the use of cow's milk and goat's milk greatly reduced [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_mortality infant mortality]. Before the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd herding] [[stage]] of [[society]], mothers used to nurse their babies until they were four and five years old.

84:3.10 Decreasing [[primitive]] [[warfare]] greatly lessened the disparity between the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_of_labor division of labor] based on [[sex]]. But women still had to do the real [[work]] while men did picket [[duty]]. No camp or village could be left unguarded day or night, but even this task was alleviated by the [[domestication]] of the dog. In general, the coming of [[agriculture]] has enhanced [[woman]]'s [[prestige]] and [[Social status|social standing]]; at least this was true up to the time man himself turned [[agriculturist]]. And as soon as man addressed himself to the tilling of the [[soil]], there immediately ensued great improvement in [[methods]] of [[agriculture]], extending on down through [[successive]] [[generations]]. In [[hunting]] and [[war]] man had learned the [[value]] of [[organization]], and he introduced these [[techniques]] into [[industry]] and later, when taking over much of [[woman]]'s [[work]], greatly improved on her loose [[methods]] of [[labor]].

84:3.10 Decreasing [[primitive]] [[warfare]] greatly lessened the disparity between the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_of_labor division of labor] based on [[sex]]. But women still had to do the real [[work]] while men did picket [[duty]]. No camp or village could be left unguarded day or night, but even this task was alleviated by the [[domestication]] of the dog. In general, the coming of [[agriculture]] has enhanced [[woman]]'s [[prestige]] and [[Social status|social standing]]; at least this was true up to the time man himself turned [[agriculturist]]. And as soon as man addressed himself to the tilling of the [[soil]], there immediately ensued great improvement in [[methods]] of [[agriculture]], extending on down through [[successive]] [[generations]]. In [[hunting]] and [[war]] man had learned the [[value]] of [[organization]], and he introduced these [[techniques]] into [[industry]] and later, when taking over much of [[woman]]'s [[work]], greatly improved on her loose [[methods]] of [[labor]].

==84:4. WOMAN'S STATUS IN EARLY SOCIETY==

==84:4. WOMAN'S STATUS IN EARLY SOCIETY==

84:4.3 Early [[woman]] was not to man a [[friend]], sweetheart, lover, and [[partner]] but rather a piece of [[property]], a servant or [[slave]] and, later on, an [[economic]] [[partner]], plaything, and childbearer. Nonetheless, proper and satisfactory [[sex]] [[relations]] have always involved the element of [[choice]] and [[co-operation]] by [[woman]], and this has always given [[intelligent]] women considerable [[influence]] over their [[immediate]] and [[personal]] [[Status|standing]], regardless of their social position as a [[Gender|sex]]. But man's distrust and [[suspicion]] were not helped by the [[fact]] that women were all along compelled to resort to shrewdness in the [[effort]] to alleviate their bondage.

84:4.3 Early [[woman]] was not to man a [[friend]], sweetheart, lover, and [[partner]] but rather a piece of [[property]], a servant or [[slave]] and, later on, an [[economic]] [[partner]], plaything, and childbearer. Nonetheless, proper and satisfactory [[sex]] [[relations]] have always involved the element of [[choice]] and [[co-operation]] by [[woman]], and this has always given [[intelligent]] women considerable [[influence]] over their [[immediate]] and [[personal]] [[Status|standing]], regardless of their social position as a [[Gender|sex]]. But man's distrust and [[suspicion]] were not helped by the [[fact]] that women were all along compelled to resort to shrewdness in the [[effort]] to alleviate their bondage.

84:4.4 The [[Gender|sexes]] have had great [[difficulty]] in [[understanding]] each other. Man found it hard to understand woman, regarding her with a strange mixture of [[ignorant]] mistrust and fearful fascination, if not with [[suspicion]] and [[contempt]]. Many [[tribal]] and racial [[traditions]] relegate trouble to [[Eve]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandora Pandora], or some other [[representative]] of womankind. These [[narratives]] were always distorted so as to make it appear that the woman brought [[evil]] upon man; and all this indicates the onetime [[universal]] distrust of woman. Among the reasons cited in [[support]] of a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celibate celibate] [[priesthood]], the chief was the baseness of woman. The [[fact]] that most supposed [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witches witches] were women did not improve the olden reputation of the sex.

84:4.4 The [[Gender|sexes]] have had great [[difficulty]] in [[understanding]] each other. Man found it hard to understand woman, regarding her with a strange mixture of [[ignorant]] mistrust and fearful fascination, if not with [[suspicion]] and [[contempt]]. Many [[tribal]] and racial [[traditions]] relegate trouble to [[Eve]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandora Pandora], or some other [[representative]] of womankind. These [[narratives]] were always distorted so as to make it appear that the woman brought [[evil]] upon man; and all this indicates the onetime [[universal]] distrust of woman. Among the reasons cited in [[support]] of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celibate celibate] [[priesthood]], the chief was the baseness of woman. The [[fact]] that most supposed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witches witches] were women did not improve the olden reputation of the sex.

84:4.5 Men have long regarded women as [[Anomaly|peculiar]], even abnormal. They have even believed that [[women]] did not have [[souls]]; therefore were they denied [[names]]. During early times there existed great [[fear]] of the first [[sex]] relation with a woman; hence it became the [[custom]] for a [[priest]] to have initial [[intercourse]] with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin]. Even a woman's [[shadow]] was [[thought]] to be [[dangerous]].

84:4.5 Men have long regarded women as [[Anomaly|peculiar]], even abnormal. They have even believed that [[women]] did not have [[souls]]; therefore were they denied [[names]]. During early times there existed great [[fear]] of the first [[sex]] relation with a woman; hence it became the [[custom]] for a [[priest]] to have initial [[intercourse]] with a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin virgin]. Even a woman's [[shadow]] was [[thought]] to be [[dangerous]].

84:4.6 [[Birth|Childbearing]] was once generally looked upon as rendering a [[woman]] [[dangerous]] and unclean. And many [[tribal]] [[mores]] [[decreed]] that a [[mother]] must undergo extensive purification [[ceremonies]] subsequent to the [[birth]] of a child. Except among those groups where the [[husband]] [[participated]] in the lying-in, the expectant mother was shunned, left alone. The [[ancients]] even avoided having a [[child]] born in the house. Finally, the old women were permitted to attend the [[mother]] during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth labor], and this [[practice]] gave [[origin]] to the [[profession]] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwifery midwifery]. During labor, scores of foolish things were said and done in an [[effort]] to [[facilitate]] delivery. It was the [[custom]] to sprinkle the newborn with [[holy]] [[water]] to prevent [[ghost]] [[interference]].

84:4.6 [[Birth|Childbearing]] was once generally looked upon as rendering a [[woman]] [[dangerous]] and unclean. And many [[tribal]] [[mores]] [[decreed]] that a [[mother]] must undergo extensive purification [[ceremonies]] subsequent to the [[birth]] of a child. Except among those groups where the [[husband]] [[participated]] in the lying-in, the expectant mother was shunned, left alone. The [[ancients]] even avoided having a [[child]] born in the house. Finally, the old women were permitted to attend the [[mother]] during [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth labor], and this [[practice]] gave [[origin]] to the [[profession]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwifery midwifery]. During labor, scores of foolish things were said and done in an [[effort]] to [[facilitate]] delivery. It was the [[custom]] to sprinkle the newborn with [[holy]] [[water]] to prevent [[ghost]] [[interference]].

84:4.7 Among the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA unmixed tribes], [[Birth|childbirth]] was comparatively easy, occupying only two or three hours; it is seldom so easy among the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES mixed races]. If a [[woman]] died in childbirth, especially during the delivery of twins, she was believed to have been [[guilty]] of [[spirit]] [[adultery]]. Later on, the higher [[tribes]] looked upon [[death]] in childbirth as the will of [[heaven]]; such mothers were regarded as having perished in a [[noble]] [[cause]].

84:4.7 Among the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA unmixed tribes], [[Birth|childbirth]] was comparatively easy, occupying only two or three hours; it is seldom so easy among the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES mixed races]. If a [[woman]] died in childbirth, especially during the delivery of twins, she was believed to have been [[guilty]] of [[spirit]] [[adultery]]. Later on, the higher [[tribes]] looked upon [[death]] in childbirth as the will of [[heaven]]; such mothers were regarded as having perished in a [[noble]] [[cause]].

84:4.8 The so-called [[modesty]] of [[women]] respecting their clothing and the [[exposure]] of the [[Body|person]] grew out of the deadly [[fear]] of being [[observed]] at the time of a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation menstrual period]. To be thus detected was a grievous [[sin]], the violation of a [[taboo]]. Under the [[mores]] of olden times, every woman, from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolescence adolescence] to the end of the childbearing period, was subjected to complete [[family]] and [[social]] [[quarantine]] one full week each month. Everything she might [[touch]], sit upon, or lie upon was "defiled."[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Leviticus#Chapter_.15] It was for long the [[custom]] to brutally beat a girl after each [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation monthly period] in an [[effort]] to drive the [[evil]] [[spirit]] out of her [[body]]. But when a woman passed beyond the childbearing age, she was usually treated more considerately, being accorded more [[rights]] and [[privileges]]. In view of all this it was not strange that women were looked down upon. Even the [[Greeks]] held the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation menstruating] woman as one of the three great [[causes]] of defilement, the other two being pork and garlic.

84:4.8 The so-called [[modesty]] of [[women]] respecting their clothing and the [[exposure]] of the [[Body|person]] grew out of the deadly [[fear]] of being [[observed]] at the time of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation menstrual period]. To be thus detected was a grievous [[sin]], the violation of a [[taboo]]. Under the [[mores]] of olden times, every woman, from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolescence adolescence] to the end of the childbearing period, was subjected to complete [[family]] and [[social]] [[quarantine]] one full week each month. Everything she might [[touch]], sit upon, or lie upon was "defiled."[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Leviticus#Chapter_.15] It was for long the [[custom]] to brutally beat a girl after each [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation monthly period] in an [[effort]] to drive the [[evil]] [[spirit]] out of her [[body]]. But when a woman passed beyond the childbearing age, she was usually treated more considerately, being accorded more [[rights]] and [[privileges]]. In view of all this it was not strange that women were looked down upon. Even the [[Greeks]] held the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation menstruating] woman as one of the three great [[causes]] of defilement, the other two being pork and garlic.

84:4.9 However foolish these olden notions were, they did some good since they gave overworked [[females]], at least when young, one week each month for welcome [[rest]] and profitable [[meditation]]. Thus could they sharpen their wits for dealing with their [[male]] associates the rest of the time. This [[quarantine]] of women also protected men from over-[[sex]] indulgence, thereby indirectly contributing to the restriction of [[population]] and to the enhancement of [[self]]-[[control]].

84:4.9 However foolish these olden notions were, they did some good since they gave overworked [[females]], at least when young, one week each month for welcome [[rest]] and profitable [[meditation]]. Thus could they sharpen their wits for dealing with their [[male]] associates the rest of the time. This [[quarantine]] of women also protected men from over-[[sex]] indulgence, thereby indirectly contributing to the restriction of [[population]] and to the enhancement of [[self]]-[[control]].

84:4.10 A great advance was made when a man was denied the [[right]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder kill] his [[wife]] at will. Likewise, it was a forward step when a woman could own the [[wedding]] gifts. Later, she gained the [[legal]] right to own, [[control]], and even dispose of [[property]], but she was long deprived of the right to hold office in either [[church]] or [[state]]. Woman has always been treated more or less as [[property]], right up to and in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century] after [[Christ]]. She has not yet gained world-wide [[freedom]] from [[seclusion]] under man's [[control]]. Even among advanced peoples, man's attempt to protect woman has always been a tacit assertion of superiority.

84:4.10 A great advance was made when a man was denied the [[right]] to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder kill] his [[wife]] at will. Likewise, it was a forward step when a woman could own the [[wedding]] gifts. Later, she gained the [[legal]] right to own, [[control]], and even dispose of [[property]], but she was long deprived of the right to hold office in either [[church]] or [[state]]. Woman has always been treated more or less as [[property]], right up to and in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century] after [[Christ]]. She has not yet gained world-wide [[freedom]] from [[seclusion]] under man's [[control]]. Even among advanced peoples, man's attempt to protect woman has always been a tacit assertion of superiority.

84:4.11 But [[primitive]] [[women]] did not pity themselves as their more recently [[liberated]] sisters are wont to do. They were, after all, fairly [[happy]] and contented; they did not dare to [[envision]] a better or [[different]] mode of [[existence]].

84:4.11 But [[primitive]] [[women]] did not pity themselves as their more recently [[liberated]] sisters are wont to do. They were, after all, fairly [[happy]] and contented; they did not dare to [[envision]] a better or [[different]] mode of [[existence]].

84:5.4 But man did not consciously nor [[intentionally]] seize woman's [[rights]] and then [[gradually]] and grudgingly give them back to her; all this was an [[unconscious]] and unplanned [[episode]] of [[social]] [[evolution]]. When the time really came for woman to enjoy added [[rights]], she got them, and all quite regardless of man's [[conscious]] [[attitude]]. Slowly but surely the [[mores]] [[change]] so as to provide for those [[social]] [[adjustments]] which are a part of the [[persistent]] [[evolution]] of [[civilization]]. The advancing [[mores]] slowly provided increasingly better treatment for [[females]]; those [[tribes]] which [[persisted]] in cruelty to them did not [[survive]].

84:5.4 But man did not consciously nor [[intentionally]] seize woman's [[rights]] and then [[gradually]] and grudgingly give them back to her; all this was an [[unconscious]] and unplanned [[episode]] of [[social]] [[evolution]]. When the time really came for woman to enjoy added [[rights]], she got them, and all quite regardless of man's [[conscious]] [[attitude]]. Slowly but surely the [[mores]] [[change]] so as to provide for those [[social]] [[adjustments]] which are a part of the [[persistent]] [[evolution]] of [[civilization]]. The advancing [[mores]] slowly provided increasingly better treatment for [[females]]; those [[tribes]] which [[persisted]] in cruelty to them did not [[survive]].

84:5.5 The [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE Adamites] and [[Nodites]] accorded [[women]] increased recognition, and those groups which were [[influenced]] by the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:5._THE_ANDITE_MIGRATIONS migrating Andites] have tended to be influenced by the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_73 Edenic teachings] regarding [[women]]'s place in [[society]].

84:5.5 The [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE Adamites] and [[Nodites]] accorded [[women]] increased recognition, and those groups which were [[influenced]] by the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:5._THE_ANDITE_MIGRATIONS migrating Andites] have tended to be influenced by the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_73 Edenic teachings] regarding [[women]]'s place in [[society]].

84:5.6 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_china#Ancient_era early Chinese] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_greece Greeks] treated [[women]] better than did most [[surrounding]] peoples. But the [[Hebrews]] were exceedingly distrustful of them. In the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occident Occident] woman has had a [[difficult]] climb under the [[Paul, the Apostle|Pauline]] [[doctrines]] which became attached to [[Christianity]], although Christianity did advance the [[mores]] by imposing more stringent [[sex]] [[obligations]] upon man. Woman's estate is little short of hopeless under the peculiar degradation which attaches to her in [[Islam|Mohammedanism]], and she fares even worse under the teachings of several other [Orient|Oriental]] [[religions]].

84:5.6 The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_china#Ancient_era early Chinese] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_greece Greeks] treated [[women]] better than did most [[surrounding]] peoples. But the [[Hebrews]] were exceedingly distrustful of them. In the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occident Occident] woman has had a [[difficult]] climb under the [[Paul, the Apostle|Pauline]] [[doctrines]] which became attached to [[Christianity]], although Christianity did advance the [[mores]] by imposing more stringent [[sex]] [[obligations]] upon man. Woman's estate is little short of hopeless under the peculiar degradation which attaches to her in [[Islam|Mohammedanism]], and she fares even worse under the teachings of several other [Orient|Oriental]] [[religions]].

84:5.7 [[Science]], not [[religion]], really [[emancipated]] woman; it was the [[modern]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialism factory] which largely set her free from the confines of the [[home]]. Man's [[physical]] [[abilities]] became no longer a vital [[essential]] in the new [[maintenance]] [[mechanism]]; [[science]] so changed the conditions of living that man power was no longer so superior to woman power.

84:5.7 [[Science]], not [[religion]], really [[emancipated]] woman; it was the [[modern]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialism factory] which largely set her free from the confines of the [[home]]. Man's [[physical]] [[abilities]] became no longer a vital [[essential]] in the new [[maintenance]] [[mechanism]]; [[science]] so changed the conditions of living that man power was no longer so superior to woman power.

84:5.8 These [[changes]] have tended toward [[woman]]'s [[liberation]] from [[domestic]] [[slavery]] and have brought about such a [[modification]] of her [[status]] that she now enjoys a [[degree]] of [[personal]] [[liberty]] and [[sex]] determination that practically [[equals]] man's. Once a woman's [[value]] consisted in her [[food]]-producing [[ability]], but [[invention]] and [[wealth]] have enabled her to [[create]] a new world in which to [[function]]—[[spheres]] of [[grace]] and [[charm]]. Thus has [[industry]] won its [[unconscious]] and unintended fight for woman's [[social]] and [[economic]] [[emancipation]]. And again has [[evolution]] succeeded in doing what even [[revelation]] failed to accomplish.

84:5.8 These [[changes]] have tended toward [[woman]]'s [[liberation]] from [[domestic]] [[slavery]] and have brought about such a [[modification]] of her [[status]] that she now enjoys a [[degree]] of [[personal]] [[liberty]] and [[sex]] determination that practically [[equals]] man's. Once a woman's [[value]] consisted in her [[food]]-producing [[ability]], but [[invention]] and [[wealth]] have enabled her to [[create]] a new world in which to [[function]]—[[spheres]] of [[grace]] and [[charm]]. Thus has [[industry]] won its [[unconscious]] and unintended fight for woman's [[social]] and [[economic]] [[emancipation]]. And again has [[evolution]] succeeded in doing what even [[revelation]] failed to accomplish.

84:5.9 The [[reaction]] of [[enlightened]] peoples from the inequitable [[mores]] governing woman's place in [[society]] has indeed been [[pendulum]]like in its extremeness. Among industrialized races she has received almost all [[rights]] and enjoys exemption from many [[obligations]], such as [[military]] [[service]]. Every easement of the [[struggle]] for [[existence]] has redounded to the [[liberation]] of [[woman]], and she has directly benefited from every advance toward [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamy]. The weaker always makes disproportionate gains in every [[adjustment]] of the [[mores]] in the [[progressive]] [[evolution]] of [[society]].

84:5.9 The [[reaction]] of [[enlightened]] peoples from the inequitable [[mores]] governing woman's place in [[society]] has indeed been [[pendulum]]like in its extremeness. Among industrialized races she has received almost all [[rights]] and enjoys exemption from many [[obligations]], such as [[military]] [[service]]. Every easement of the [[struggle]] for [[existence]] has redounded to the [[liberation]] of [[woman]], and she has directly benefited from every advance toward [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamy]. The weaker always makes disproportionate gains in every [[adjustment]] of the [[mores]] in the [[progressive]] [[evolution]] of [[society]].

84:5.10 In the [[ideals]] of pair [[marriage]], woman has finally won [[recognition]], [[dignity]], [[independence]], [[equality]], and [[education]]; but will she prove [[worthy]] of all this new and unprecedented accomplishment? Will [[modern]] woman [[respond]] to this great [[achievement]] of [[social]] [[liberation]] with idleness, indifference, barrenness, and infidelity? Today, in the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century], woman is undergoing the crucial test of her long world [[existence]]!

84:5.10 In the [[ideals]] of pair [[marriage]], woman has finally won [[recognition]], [[dignity]], [[independence]], [[equality]], and [[education]]; but will she prove [[worthy]] of all this new and unprecedented accomplishment? Will [[modern]] woman [[respond]] to this great [[achievement]] of [[social]] [[liberation]] with idleness, indifference, barrenness, and infidelity? Today, in the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century], woman is undergoing the crucial test of her long world [[existence]]!

84:5.11 Woman is man's [[equal]] [[partner]] in [[race]] [[reproduction]], hence just as important in the unfolding of racial [[evolution]]; therefore has evolution increasingly worked toward the [[realization]] of [[women]]'s [[rights]]. But women's rights are by no means [[men]]'s [[rights]]. Woman cannot thrive on man's rights any more than man can prosper on woman's rights.

84:5.11 Woman is man's [[equal]] [[partner]] in [[race]] [[reproduction]], hence just as important in the unfolding of racial [[evolution]]; therefore has evolution increasingly worked toward the [[realization]] of [[women]]'s [[rights]]. But women's rights are by no means [[men]]'s [[rights]]. Woman cannot thrive on man's rights any more than man can prosper on woman's rights.

84:6.3 [[Male]] and [[female]] are, [[practically]] regarded, two distinct varieties of the same [[species]] living in close and [[intimate]] [[association]]. Their [[viewpoints]] and entire life [[reactions]] are [[essentially]] [[different]]; they are wholly incapable of full and real [[comprehension]] of each other. Complete [[understanding]] between the sexes is not attainable.

84:6.3 [[Male]] and [[female]] are, [[practically]] regarded, two distinct varieties of the same [[species]] living in close and [[intimate]] [[association]]. Their [[viewpoints]] and entire life [[reactions]] are [[essentially]] [[different]]; they are wholly incapable of full and real [[comprehension]] of each other. Complete [[understanding]] between the sexes is not attainable.

84:6.4 [[Women]] seem to have more [[intuition]] than men, but they also appear to be somewhat less [[logical]]. Woman, however, has always been the [[moral]] [[standard]]-bearer and the [[spiritual]] [[leader]] of [[mankind]]. The hand that rocks the [[cradle]] still fraternizes with [[destiny]].[http://www.quoteland.com/topic.asp?CATEGORY_ID=105]

84:6.4 [[Women]] seem to have more [[intuition]] than men, but they also appear to be somewhat less [[logical]]. Woman, however, has always been the [[moral]] [[standard]]-bearer and the [[spiritual]] [[leader]] of [[mankind]]. The hand that rocks the [[cradle]] still fraternizes with [[destiny]].[https://www.quoteland.com/topic.asp?CATEGORY_ID=105]

84:6.5 The [[differences]] of [[nature]], [[reaction]], [[viewpoint]], and [[thinking]] between men and women, far from occasioning concern, should be regarded as highly beneficial to [[mankind]], both [[individually]] and [[collectively]]. Many orders of [[universe]] [[creatures]] are created in [[dual]] [[phases]] of [[personality]] [[manifestation]]. Among [[mortals]], [[Material Sons]], and [[midsoniters]], this [[difference]] is described as [[male]] and [[female]]; among [[seraphim]], [[cherubim]], and [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_48#48:3._MORONTIA_COMPANIONS Morontia Companions], it has been denominated positive or aggressive and negative or retiring. Such [[dual]] [[associations]] greatly multiply [[versatility]] and overcome [[inherent]] [[limitations]], even as do certain [[triune]] [[associations]] in the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_14#14:1._THE_PARADISE-HAVONA_SYSTEM Paradise-Havona system].

84:6.5 The [[differences]] of [[nature]], [[reaction]], [[viewpoint]], and [[thinking]] between men and women, far from occasioning concern, should be regarded as highly beneficial to [[mankind]], both [[individually]] and [[collectively]]. Many orders of [[universe]] [[creatures]] are created in [[dual]] [[phases]] of [[personality]] [[manifestation]]. Among [[mortals]], [[Material Sons]], and [[midsoniters]], this [[difference]] is described as [[male]] and [[female]]; among [[seraphim]], [[cherubim]], and [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_48#48:3._MORONTIA_COMPANIONS Morontia Companions], it has been denominated positive or aggressive and negative or retiring. Such [[dual]] [[associations]] greatly multiply [[versatility]] and overcome [[inherent]] [[limitations]], even as do certain [[triune]] [[associations]] in the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_14#14:1._THE_PARADISE-HAVONA_SYSTEM Paradise-Havona system].

84:6.6 [[Men]] and [[women]] need each other in their [[morontial]] and [[spiritual]] as well as in their [[mortal]] [[careers]]. The [[differences]] in [[viewpoint]] between [[male]] and [[female]] [[persist]] even beyond the first life and throughout the [[Ascension Career|local and superuniverse ascensions]. And even in [[Havona]], the [[pilgrims]] who were once [[men]] and [[women]] will still be aiding each other in the [[Paradise]] [[ascent]]. Never, even in the Corps of the Finality, will the creature metamorphose so far as to obliterate the personality trends that humans call male and female; always will these two basic variations of [[humankind]] continue to [[intrigue]], [[stimulate]], [[encourage]], and [[assist]] each other; always will they be [[mutually]] dependent on [[co-operation]] in the solution of perplexing [[universe]] [[problems]] and in the overcoming of manifold [[cosmic]] [[difficulties]].

84:6.6 [[Men]] and [[women]] need each other in their [[morontial]] and [[spiritual]] as well as in their [[mortal]] [[careers]]. The [[differences]] in [[viewpoint]] between [[male]] and [[female]] [[persist]] even beyond the first life and throughout the [[Ascension Career|local and superuniverse ascensions]. And even in [[Havona]], the [[pilgrims]] who were once [[men]] and [[women]] will still be aiding each other in the [[Paradise]] [[ascent]]. Never, even in the Corps of the Finality, will the creature metamorphose so far as to obliterate the personality trends that humans call male and female; always will these two basic variations of [[humankind]] continue to [[intrigue]], [[stimulate]], [[encourage]], and [[assist]] each other; always will they be [[mutually]] dependent on [[co-operation]] in the solution of perplexing [[universe]] [[problems]] and in the overcoming of manifold [[cosmic]] [[difficulties]].

84:7.7 4. ''The enhancement of parental instinct''. Each [[generation]] now tends to eliminate from the [[reproductive]] [[stream]] of the [[race]] those [[individuals]] in whom parental instinct is insufficiently strong to insure the procreation of [[children]], the prospective [[parents]] of the next [[generation]].

84:7.7 4. ''The enhancement of parental instinct''. Each [[generation]] now tends to eliminate from the [[reproductive]] [[stream]] of the [[race]] those [[individuals]] in whom parental instinct is insufficiently strong to insure the procreation of [[children]], the prospective [[parents]] of the next [[generation]].

84:7.8 But the [[home]] as an [[institution]], a partnership between one man and one woman, dates more specifically from the days of [[Dalamatia]], about [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene one-half million years ago], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamous] [[practices]] of [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_63#PAPER_63:_THE_FIRST_HUMAN_FAMILY Andon] and his immediate [[descendants]] having been abandoned long before. [[Family]] life, however, was not much to boast of before the days of the [[Nodites]] and the later [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE Adamites]. [[Adam and Eve]] exerted a lasting [[influence]] on all [[mankind]]; for the first time in the [[history]] of the world [[men]] and [[women]] were [[observed]] working side by side in [[the Garden]]. The [[Eden]]ic [[ideal]], the whole [[family]] as gardeners, was a new [[idea]] on [[Urantia]].

84:7.8 But the [[home]] as an [[institution]], a partnership between one man and one woman, dates more specifically from the days of [[Dalamatia]], about [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene one-half million years ago], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy monogamous] [[practices]] of [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_63#PAPER_63:_THE_FIRST_HUMAN_FAMILY Andon] and his immediate [[descendants]] having been abandoned long before. [[Family]] life, however, was not much to boast of before the days of the [[Nodites]] and the later [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE Adamites]. [[Adam and Eve]] exerted a lasting [[influence]] on all [[mankind]]; for the first time in the [[history]] of the world [[men]] and [[women]] were [[observed]] working side by side in [[the Garden]]. The [[Eden]]ic [[ideal]], the whole [[family]] as gardeners, was a new [[idea]] on [[Urantia]].

84:7.9 The early [[family]] [[embraced]] a related working [[group]], including the [[slaves]], all living in one dwelling. [[Marriage]] and [[family]] life have not always been identical but have of [[necessity]] been closely [[associated]]. [[Woman]] always wanted the [[individual]] [[family]], and [[eventually]] she had her way.

84:7.9 The early [[family]] [[embraced]] a related working [[group]], including the [[slaves]], all living in one dwelling. [[Marriage]] and [[family]] life have not always been identical but have of [[necessity]] been closely [[associated]]. [[Woman]] always wanted the [[individual]] [[family]], and [[eventually]] she had her way.

84:7.10 [[Love]] of [[offspring]] is almost [[universal]] and is of distinct [[survival]] [[value]]. The [[ancients]] always [[sacrificed]] the [[mother]]'s interests for the welfare of the [[child]]; an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo Eskimo] [[mother]] even yet licks her baby in lieu of washing. But [[primitive]] [[mothers]] only nourished and cared for their [[children]] when very young; like the [[animals]], they discarded them as soon as they grew up. Enduring and [[continuous]] [[human]] [[associations]] have never been founded on [[biologic]] [[affection]] alone. The [[animals]] love their [[children]]; man—civilized man—loves his children's children. The higher the [[civilization]], the greater the [[joy]] of [[parents]] in the [[children]]'s advancement and success; thus the new and higher [[realization]] of [[name]] [[pride]] comes into [[existence]].

84:7.10 [[Love]] of [[offspring]] is almost [[universal]] and is of distinct [[survival]] [[value]]. The [[ancients]] always [[sacrificed]] the [[mother]]'s interests for the welfare of the [[child]]; an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo Eskimo] [[mother]] even yet licks her baby in lieu of washing. But [[primitive]] [[mothers]] only nourished and cared for their [[children]] when very young; like the [[animals]], they discarded them as soon as they grew up. Enduring and [[continuous]] [[human]] [[associations]] have never been founded on [[biologic]] [[affection]] alone. The [[animals]] love their [[children]]; man—civilized man—loves his children's children. The higher the [[civilization]], the greater the [[joy]] of [[parents]] in the [[children]]'s advancement and success; thus the new and higher [[realization]] of [[name]] [[pride]] comes into [[existence]].

84:7.11 The large families among [[ancient]] peoples were not necessarily affectional. Many [[children]] were desired because:

84:7.11 The large families among [[ancient]] peoples were not necessarily affectional. Many [[children]] were desired because:

84:7.20 Among [[ancient]] [[savages]], [[discipline]] of [[children]] was begun very early; and the child early [[realized]] that disobedience meant failure or even [[death]] just as it did to the [[animals]]. It is [[civilization]]'s [[protection]] of the [[child]] from the [[natural]] consequences of foolish conduct that [[contributes]] so much to [[modern]] insubordination.

84:7.20 Among [[ancient]] [[savages]], [[discipline]] of [[children]] was begun very early; and the child early [[realized]] that disobedience meant failure or even [[death]] just as it did to the [[animals]]. It is [[civilization]]'s [[protection]] of the [[child]] from the [[natural]] consequences of foolish conduct that [[contributes]] so much to [[modern]] insubordination.

84:7.21 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo Eskimo] [[children]] thrive on so little [[discipline]] and correction simply because they are [[naturally]] docile little [[animals]]; the children of both the red and the yellow men are almost equally tractable. But in races containing [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES Andite] [[inheritance]], [[children]] are not so placid; these more [[imaginative]] and [[adventurous]] [[youths]] require more [[training]] and [[discipline]]. [[Modern]] [[problems]] of [[child]] [[culture]] are rendered increasingly difficult by:

84:7.21 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo Eskimo] [[children]] thrive on so little [[discipline]] and correction simply because they are [[naturally]] docile little [[animals]]; the children of both the red and the yellow men are almost equally tractable. But in races containing [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES Andite] [[inheritance]], [[children]] are not so placid; these more [[imaginative]] and [[adventurous]] [[youths]] require more [[training]] and [[discipline]]. [[Modern]] [[problems]] of [[child]] [[culture]] are rendered increasingly difficult by:

*1. 84:7.22 ''The large degree of race mixture''.

*1. 84:7.22 ''The large degree of race mixture''.

84:7.28 [[Marriage]], with [[children]] and consequent [[family]] life, is stimulative of the highest [[potentials]] in [[human]] [[nature]] and [[simultaneously]] provides the [[ideal]] avenue for the [[expression]] of these quickened [[attributes]] of [[mortal]] [[personality]]. The [[family]] provides for the [[biologic]] [[perpetuation]] of the [[human]] [[species]]. The [[home]] is the [[natural]] [[social]] arena wherein the [[ethics]] of blood [[brotherhood]] may be grasped by the growing [[children]]. The [[family]] is the [[fundamental]] [[unit]] of fraternity in which [[parents]] and [[children]] learn those lessons of [[patience]], [[altruism]], [[tolerance]], and forbearance which are so [[essential]] to the [[realization]] of brotherhood among all men.

84:7.28 [[Marriage]], with [[children]] and consequent [[family]] life, is stimulative of the highest [[potentials]] in [[human]] [[nature]] and [[simultaneously]] provides the [[ideal]] avenue for the [[expression]] of these quickened [[attributes]] of [[mortal]] [[personality]]. The [[family]] provides for the [[biologic]] [[perpetuation]] of the [[human]] [[species]]. The [[home]] is the [[natural]] [[social]] arena wherein the [[ethics]] of blood [[brotherhood]] may be grasped by the growing [[children]]. The [[family]] is the [[fundamental]] [[unit]] of fraternity in which [[parents]] and [[children]] learn those lessons of [[patience]], [[altruism]], [[tolerance]], and forbearance which are so [[essential]] to the [[realization]] of brotherhood among all men.

84:7.29 [[Human]] [[society]] would be greatly improved if the civilized [[races]] would more generally return to the [[family]]-[[council]] [[practices]] of the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES Andites]. They did not maintain the [[patriarchal]] or [[autocratic]] form of [[family]] [[government]]. They were very brotherly and [[associative]], freely and frankly [[discussing]] every proposal and regulation of a [[family]] [[nature]]. They were ideally fraternal in all their family [[government]]. In an ideal family filial and parental [[affection]] are both augmented by fraternal [[devotion]].

84:7.29 [[Human]] [[society]] would be greatly improved if the civilized [[races]] would more generally return to the [[family]]-[[council]] [[practices]] of the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES Andites]. They did not maintain the [[patriarchal]] or [[autocratic]] form of [[family]] [[government]]. They were very brotherly and [[associative]], freely and frankly [[discussing]] every proposal and regulation of a [[family]] [[nature]]. They were ideally fraternal in all their family [[government]]. In an ideal family filial and parental [[affection]] are both augmented by fraternal [[devotion]].

84:7.30 Family life is the progenitor of true [[morality]], the [[ancestor]] of the [[consciousness]] of [[loyalty]] to [[duty]]. The enforced [[associations]] of [[family]] life [[stabilize]] [[personality]] and stimulate its [[growth]] through the compulsion of necessitous [[adjustment]] to other and [[diverse]] [[personalities]]. But even more, a true family—a [[good]] [[family]]—reveals to the parental procreators the [[attitude]] of the [[Creator]] to his [[children]], while at the same time such true [[parents]] portray to their children the first of a long series of [[ascending]] disclosures of the [[love]] of the [[Paradise]] [[parent]] of all [[universe]] [[children]].

84:7.30 Family life is the progenitor of true [[morality]], the [[ancestor]] of the [[consciousness]] of [[loyalty]] to [[duty]]. The enforced [[associations]] of [[family]] life [[stabilize]] [[personality]] and stimulate its [[growth]] through the compulsion of necessitous [[adjustment]] to other and [[diverse]] [[personalities]]. But even more, a true family—a [[good]] [[family]]—reveals to the parental procreators the [[attitude]] of the [[Creator]] to his [[children]], while at the same time such true [[parents]] portray to their children the first of a long series of [[ascending]] disclosures of the [[love]] of the [[Paradise]] [[parent]] of all [[universe]] [[children]].

==84:8. DANGERS OF SELF-GRATIFICATION==

==84:8. DANGERS OF SELF-GRATIFICATION==

84:8.1 The great threat against family life is the menacing rising tide of self-gratification, the modern pleasure mania. The prime incentive to marriage used to be economic; sex attraction was secondary. Marriage, founded on self-maintenance, led to self-perpetuation and concomitantly provided one of the most desirable forms of self-gratification. It is the only institution of human society which embraces all three of the great incentives for living.

84:8.1 The great [[threat]] against [[family]] life is the menacing rising tide of [[self-gratification]], the [[modern]] [[pleasure]] mania. The prime incentive to [[marriage]] used to be [[economic]]; [[sex]] attraction was secondary. [[Marriage]], founded on [[self]]-[[maintenance]], led to [[self]]-[[perpetuation]] and concomitantly provided one of the most desirable forms of [[self-gratification]]. It is the only [[institution]] of [[human]] [[society]] which [[embraces]] all three of the great [[incentives]] for living.

84:8.2 Originally, property was the basic institution of self-maintenance, while marriage functioned as the unique institution of self-perpetuation. Although food satisfaction, play, and humor, along with periodic sex indulgence, were means of self-gratification, it remains a fact that the evolving mores have failed to build any distinct institution of self-gratification. And it is due to this failure to evolve specialized techniques of pleasurable enjoyment that all human institutions are so completely shot through with this pleasure pursuit. Property accumulation is becoming an instrument for augmenting all forms of self-gratification, while marriage is often viewed only as a means of pleasure. And this overindulgence, this widely spread pleasure mania, now constitutes the greatest threat that has ever been leveled at the social evolutionary institution of family life, the home.

84:8.2 Originally, [[property]] was the basic [[institution]] of [[self]]-[[maintenance]], while [[marriage]] functioned as the [[unique]] [[institution]] of [[self]]-[[perpetuation]]. Although [[food]] [[satisfaction]], [[play]], and [[humor]], along with periodic [[sex]] indulgence, were means of [[self-gratification]], it remains a [[fact]] that the evolving [[mores]] have failed to build any distinct [[institution]] of [[self-gratification]]. And it is due to this failure to evolve specialized [[techniques]] of pleasurable enjoyment that all [[human]] [[institutions]] are so completely shot through with this [[pleasure]] pursuit. [[Property]] accumulation is becoming an instrument for augmenting all forms of [[self-gratification]], while [[marriage]] is often viewed only as a means of [[pleasure]]. And this overindulgence, this widely spread [[pleasure]] mania, now [[constitutes]] the greatest [[threat]] that has ever been leveled at the [[social]] [[evolutionary]] [[institution]] of [[family]] life, the [[home]].

84:8.3 The violet race introduced a new and only imperfectly realized characteristic into the experience of humankind—the play instinct coupled with the sense of humor. It was there in measure in the Sangiks and Andonites, but the Adamic strain elevated this primitive propensity into the potential of pleasure, a new and glorified form of self-gratification. The basic type of self-gratification, aside from appeasing hunger, is sex gratification, and this form of sensual pleasure was enormously heightened by the blending of the Sangiks and the Andites.

84:8.3 The [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE violet race] introduced a new and only imperfectly realized characteristic into the [[experience]] of [[humankind]]—the [[play]] [[instinct]] coupled with the sense of [[humor]]. It was there in [[measure]] in the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA Sangiks] and [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_63#63:5._DISPERSION_OF_THE_ANDONITES Andonites], but the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_76_-_The_Second_Garden#76:4._THE_VIOLET_RACE Adamic strain] elevated this [[primitive]] [[propensity]] into the [[potential]] of [[pleasure]], a new and [[glorified]] form of [[self-gratification]]. The basic type of self-gratification, aside from appeasing hunger, is sex gratification, and this form of sensual pleasure was enormously heightened by the blending of the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA Sangiks] and the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_78#78:4._THE_ANDITES Andites].

84:8.4 There is real danger in the combination of restlessness, curiosity, adventure, and pleasure-abandon characteristic of the post-Andite races. The hunger of the soul cannot be satisfied with physical pleasures; the love of home and children is not augmented by the unwise pursuit of pleasure. Though you exhaust the resources of art, color, sound, rhythm, music, and adornment of person, you cannot hope thereby to elevate the soul or to nourish the spirit. Vanity and fashion cannot minister to home building and child culture; pride and rivalry are powerless to enhance the survival qualities of succeeding generations.

84:8.4 There is real [[danger]] in the combination of restlessness, [[curiosity]], [[adventure]], and [[pleasure]]-abandon characteristic of the post-Andite races. The [[hunger]] of the [[soul]] cannot be satisfied with [[physical]] [[pleasures]]; the [[love]] of [[home]] and [[children]] is not augmented by the unwise [[pursuit]] of [[pleasure]]. Though you exhaust the [[resources]] of [[art]], [[color]], [[sound]], rhythm, [[music]], and adornment of person, you cannot hope thereby to elevate the [[soul]] or to nourish the [[spirit]]. [[Vanity]] and [[fashion]] cannot minister to [[home]] building and [[child]] [[culture]]; [[pride]] and [[rivalry]] are powerless to enhance the [[survival]] qualities of succeeding [[generations]].

84:8.5 Advancing celestial beings all enjoy rest and the ministry of the reversion directors. All efforts to obtain wholesome diversion and to engage in uplifting play are sound; refreshing sleep, rest, recreation, and all pastimes which prevent the boredom of monotony are worth while. Competitive games, storytelling, and even the taste of good food may serve as forms of self-gratification. (When you use salt to savor food, pause to consider that, for almost a million years, man could obtain salt only by dipping his food in ashes.)

84:8.5 Advancing [[celestial]] [[beings]] all enjoy [[rest]] and the [[ministry]] of the [[reversion directors]]. All [[efforts]] to obtain wholesome diversion and to [[engage]] in uplifting [[play]] are sound; refreshing [[sleep]], rest, recreation, and all pastimes which prevent the boredom of monotony are worth while. [[Competitive]] [[games]], [[storytelling]], and even the taste of good [[food]] may serve as forms of [[self-gratification]]. (When you use [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt salt] to savor [[food]], pause to consider that, for almost a million years, man could obtain salt only by dipping his [[food]] in ashes.)

84:8.6 Let man enjoy himself; let the human race find pleasure in a thousand and one ways; let evolutionary mankind explore all forms of legitimate self-gratification, the fruits of the long upward biologic struggle. Man has well earned some of his present-day joys and pleasures. But look you well to the goal of destiny! Pleasures are indeed suicidal if they succeed in destroying property, which has become the institution of self-maintenance; and self-gratifications have indeed cost a fatal price if they bring about the collapse of marriage, the decadence of family life, and the destruction of the home—man's supreme evolutionary acquirement and civilization's only hope of survival.

84:8.6 Let man enjoy himself; let the [[human]] [[race]] find [[pleasure]] in a thousand and one ways; let [[evolutionary]] [[mankind]] explore all forms of legitimate [[self-gratification]], the fruits of the long upward [[biologic]] [[struggle]]. Man has well earned some of his present-day [[joys]] and [[pleasures]]. But look you well to the goal of [[destiny]]! [[Pleasures]] are indeed [[suicidal]] if they succeed in destroying [[property]], which has become the [[institution]] of [[self]]-[[maintenance]]; and [[self-gratification]]s have indeed cost a fatal price if they bring about the collapse of [[marriage]], the [[decadence]] of [[family]] life, and the destruction of the [[home]]—man's supreme [[evolutionary]] acquirement and [[civilization]]'s only [[hope]] of [[survival]].

84:8.7 Presented by the Chief of [[Seraphim]] stationed on [[Urantia]].

84:8.7 Presented by the Chief of [[Seraphim]] stationed on [[Urantia]].

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[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]

[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]