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− | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]] | + | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:StudyRoom_2.jpg|right|frame]] |
− | | + | A [[study]] can be a room or space used for reading, writing, and any activity requiring focus of the mind. Historically, the study of a house was reserved for use as the private office and reading room of a family father as the head of a household, but today studies are generally either used to operate a home business or else open to the whole family. However, they are usually off-limits to young children. |
− | ==Intransitive uses== | + | A typical study might contain a desk, chair, computer, a desk lamp or two, and bookshelves. A spare bedroom is often utilized as a study, but many modern homes have a room specifically designated as a study. Such rooms are usually located in a convenient area on the main floor of the house and may be referred to as a den, home office, or library. |
− | *1. a. To apply the mind to the acquisition of learning, whether by means of books, observation, or experiment. Const. in, on, upon (a book, a branch of learning). See also sense 1d. | + | ==Noun== |
| + | *1. In certain senses of L. studium (chiefly in [[translation]]s from [[Latin]]): [[Affection]], friendliness, devotion to another's welfare; partisan sympathy; desire, inclination; [[pleasure]] or interest felt in something. Obs. |
| + | *2. a. An employment, occupation, pursuit. Obs. |
| + | :b. ? Ostensible [[function]] or [[character]]. Obs. |
| + | *3.a. A state of mental perplexity or anxious [[thought]]. Sometimes with indirect question: Doubt whether, etc. Obs. |
| + | :b. A [[state]] of reverie or abstraction. Obs. exc. in BROWN STUDY. |
| + | *4. a. [[Thought]] or [[meditation]] directed to the accomplishment of a [[purpose]]; studied or deliberate effort or contrivance; also, the object or aim of (a person's) solicitous endeavour, one's ‘concern’. |
| + | :b. of one's own study: of one's own composition. Obs. rare. |
| + | *5. a. Application of [[mind]] to the acquisition of learning; mental labour, [[reading]] and [[reflection]] directed to learning, literary composition, invention, or the like. |
| + | :b. at (his) study: as a student at a university or college. Obs. |
| + | :c. Acquirements, learning. Obs. |
| + | :d. A department of study; the cultivation of a particular branch of learning or [[science]]. Often in collect. pl., a person's work as a student. |
| + | *6. a. The action of studying (something specified or implied); mental effort in the acquisition of (some kind of learning); attentive reading of (a [[book]], etc.), or careful examination or observation of (an object, a question, etc.). Phrase, to make a study of, to study, observe carefully. |
| + | :b. Theatr. The action of committing to [[memory]] one's part in a play. Hence, to have or be a quick, slow, etc. study, to be quick, slow, etc. in learning by heart; also transf. in general [[context]]s. |
| + | *7. a. That which is studied; the object of one's study. Chiefly with possessive. |
| + | :b. Something worth studying, or that requires to be studied; an object presenting effects of colour (and the like) attractive to an artist. Hence applied to the face registering an expression of incredulity, etc. (colloq.). |
| + | *8. a. A room in a house or other building, furnished with [[books]], and used for [[private]] study, reading, writing, or the like. Often applied to ‘the private room or office of the master of a house, however it may be used’ (Cent. Dict.). In Public Schools (and other large schools), the private room for study and other occupations of one or more boys. |
| + | :b. A room or cupboard containing books, etc. |
| + | :c. The books contained in a ‘study’ (sense 8, 8b); a student's collection of books, etc.; a private library. Often a study of books. Obs. |
| + | :d. The office or place of business of a professional man. (= F. étude.) Obs. |
| + | *9. A seat of learning. general study, study general (= med.L. studium generale), a university. |
| + | *10. a. An artistic production executed for the sake of acquiring skill or [[knowledge]], or to serve as a preparation for future work; a careful preliminary sketch for a work of art, or (more usually) for some detail or portion of it; an artist's pictorial record of his observation of some object, incident, or effect, or of something that occurs to his mind, intended for his own guidance in his subsequent work. Also, occas., a drawing, painting, or piece of sculpture aiming to bring out the characteristics of the object represented, as they are revealed by especially careful observation. |
| + | :b. A [[discourse]] or literary composition devoted to the detailed consideration of some question, or the minute description of some object; a literary work executed as an exercise or as an [[experiment]] in some particular style or mode of treatment. |
| + | ==Verb== |
| + | ===Intransitive uses=== |
| + | *1. a. To apply the [[mind]] to the acquisition of [[learning]], whether by means of [[books]], observation, or [[experiment]]. Const. in, on, upon (a book, a branch of learning). See also sense 1d. |
| :b. quasi-refl. with complement. | | :b. quasi-refl. with complement. |
− | :c. To follow one's educational or professional studies at a university, college, or the like; to be a student or learner of some science or art under a professor or master. Const. in. | + | :c. To follow one's [[education]]al or professional studies at a university, college, or the like; to be a student or learner of some science or art under a professor or master. Const. in. |
− | :d. To make a close study of (a subject), to ‘bone’ up (on, in), esp. in preparation for some display of knowledge (intr. use of sense 7b). U.S. colloq. | + | :d. To make a close study of (a subject), to ‘bone’ up (on, in), esp. in preparation for some display of [[knowledge]] (intr. use of sense 7b). U.S. colloq. |
− | *2. a. To think intently; to meditate (about, of, on, upon, in); to reflect, try to recollect something or to come to a decision. Now dial. and U.S. colloq. | + | *2. a. To think intently; to meditate (about, of, on, upon, in); to reflect, try to recollect something or to come to a [[decision]]. Now dial. and U.S. colloq. |
| :b. Phrase, to study by or in oneself. Obs. | | :b. Phrase, to study by or in oneself. Obs. |
| :c. To be in doubt or perplexity; to ‘take thought’ anxiously. Obs. | | :c. To be in doubt or perplexity; to ‘take thought’ anxiously. Obs. |
| :d. With indirect question: To debate with oneself, deliberate, consider. Obs. | | :d. With indirect question: To debate with oneself, deliberate, consider. Obs. |
− | :e. To ask oneself without answer, ‘wonder’ why, what, etc. Obs. | + | :e. To ask oneself without answer, ‘[[wonder]]’ why, what, etc. Obs. |
| :f. To search, ‘cast about’ for. Obs. | | :f. To search, ‘cast about’ for. Obs. |
| *3. To exercise oneself, employ one's thought or effort in. Obs. | | *3. To exercise oneself, employ one's thought or effort in. Obs. |
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| :b. With clause: To employ one's effort that. | | :b. With clause: To employ one's effort that. |
| *5. [After L. studre with dat.] To be addicted to; to direct one's efforts to; to be solicitous for, after; to set one's mind upon. Obs. | | *5. [After L. studre with dat.] To be addicted to; to direct one's efforts to; to be solicitous for, after; to set one's mind upon. Obs. |
− | ==Transitive uses== | + | ===Transitive uses=== |
− | *6.a. To ponder over, meditate upon. Obs. | + | *6.a. To [[ponder]] over, meditate upon. Obs. |
− | :b. causatively. To cause to muse; to perplex. Obs. exc. dial. | + | :b. causatively. To cause to [[muse]]; to perplex. Obs. exc. dial. |
− | *7. a. To apply one's mind to the acquiring of (a science, art, language, etc.). | + | *7. a. To apply one's mind to the acquiring of (a [[science]], [[art]], [[language]], etc.). |
| :b. colloq. to study up: to study (a subject) in view of some special emergency, e.g. an examination; to ‘get up’. | | :b. colloq. to study up: to study (a subject) in view of some special emergency, e.g. an examination; to ‘get up’. |
| *8. a. To be occupied with (a specific branch of learning) as the subject of one's educational course or professional training. | | *8. a. To be occupied with (a specific branch of learning) as the subject of one's educational course or professional training. |
| :b. In passive, To be educated. Obs. | | :b. In passive, To be educated. Obs. |
− | *9. a. To read (a book, a passage, an author) with close attention. | + | *9. a. To read (a book, a passage, an [[author]]) with close attention. |
− | :b. Of an actor: To commit to memory and exercise oneself in the rendering of (a part). | + | :b. Of an actor: To commit to [[memory]] and exercise oneself in the rendering of (a part). |
− | *10. a. To examine in detail, seek to become minutely acquainted with or to understand (a phenomenon, a state of circumstances, a series of events, a person's character, etc.); to investigate (a problem). | + | *10. a. To examine in detail, seek to become minutely acquainted with or to understand (a [[phenomenon]], a state of circumstances, a series of events, a person's [[character]], etc.); to investigate (a problem). |
− | :b. To scrutinize (a visible object) in order to ascertain its nature or to be familiar with or interpret its appearance; loosely, to look at as if examining minutely. | + | :b. To scrutinize (a visible object) in order to ascertain its [[nature]] or to be familiar with or interpret its appearance; loosely, to look at as if examining minutely. |
− | *11. To aim at, seek to achieve. Now only, to be solicitous of, aim at (some quality in one's own action). | + | *11. To aim at, seek to achieve. Now only, to be solicitous of, aim at (some [[quality]] in one's own action). |
− | *12. To meditate, purpose. Obs. | + | *12. To [[meditate]], [[purpose]]. Obs. |
| *13. To devise, excogitate. Now only with out. | | *13. To devise, excogitate. Now only with out. |
− | *14. To exercise thought and deliberation in (an action, composition, etc.). | + | *14. To exercise [[thought]] and deliberation in (an [[action]], composition, etc.). |
| *15. To pay practical regard to, ‘consider’ (a person's wishes, feelings or interests); hence colloq., to be careful of the convenience or feelings of, to humour (a person). | | *15. To pay practical regard to, ‘consider’ (a person's wishes, feelings or interests); hence colloq., to be careful of the convenience or feelings of, to humour (a person). |
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| + | [[Category: General Reference]] |