Changes

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60:1.1 The [[erosion]] deposits of this period were mostly conglomerates, shale, and sandstone. The gypsum and red layers throughout these sedimentations over both America and Europe indicate that the [[climate]] of these [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continents] was arid. These arid districts were subjected to great erosion from the [[violent]] and periodic cloudbursts on the surrounding highlands.

60:1.1 The [[erosion]] deposits of this period were mostly conglomerates, shale, and sandstone. The gypsum and red layers throughout these sedimentations over both America and Europe indicate that the [[climate]] of these [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continents] was arid. These arid districts were subjected to great erosion from the [[violent]] and periodic cloudbursts on the surrounding highlands.

60:1.2 Few [[fossils]] are to be found in these layers, but numerous sandstone footprints of the [[land]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptiles reptiles] may be [[observed]]. In many regions the one thousand feet of red sandstone deposit of this period contains no [[fossils]]. The life of [[land]] [[animals]] was [[continuous]] only in certain parts of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa#Paleohistory Africa].

60:1.2 Few [[fossils]] are to be found in these layers, but numerous sandstone footprints of the [[land]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptiles reptiles] may be [[observed]]. In many regions the one thousand feet of red sandstone deposit of this period contains no [[fossils]]. The life of [[land]] [[animals]] was [[continuous]] only in certain parts of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa#Paleohistory Africa].

60:1.3 These deposits vary in thickness from 3,000 to 10,000 feet, even being 18,000 on the Pacific coast. Lava was later forced in between many of these layers. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Palisades_%28Hudson_River%29 Palisades] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River Hudson River] were formed by the extrusion of basalt lava between these [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassic Triassic] strata. Volcanic action was extensive in different parts of the world.

60:1.3 These deposits vary in thickness from 3,000 to 10,000 feet, even being 18,000 on the Pacific coast. Lava was later forced in between many of these layers. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Palisades_%28Hudson_River%29 Palisades] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River Hudson River] were formed by the extrusion of basalt lava between these [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassic Triassic] strata. Volcanic action was extensive in different parts of the world.

60:1.4 Over Europe, especially Germany and Russia, may be found deposits of this period. In England the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_red_sandstone New Red Sandstone] belongs to this epoch. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LImestone Limestone] was laid down in the southern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps] as the result of a sea [[invasion]] and may now be seen as the peculiar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolostone dolomite limestone] walls, peaks, and pillars of those regions. This layer is to be found all over Africa and Australia. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marble Carrara marble] comes from such modified limestone. Nothing of this period will be found in the southern regions of South America as that part of the continent remained down and hence presents only a [[water]] or [[marine]] deposit [[continuous]] with the preceding and succeeding epochs.

60:1.4 Over Europe, especially Germany and Russia, may be found deposits of this period. In England the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_red_sandstone New Red Sandstone] belongs to this epoch. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LImestone Limestone] was laid down in the southern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps] as the result of a sea [[invasion]] and may now be seen as the peculiar [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolostone dolomite limestone] walls, peaks, and pillars of those regions. This layer is to be found all over Africa and Australia. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marble Carrara marble] comes from such modified limestone. Nothing of this period will be found in the southern regions of South America as that part of the continent remained down and hence presents only a [[water]] or [[marine]] deposit [[continuous]] with the preceding and succeeding epochs.

60:1.5 150,000,000 years ago the early [[land]]-life periods of the world's [[history]] began. Life, in general, did not fare well but did better than at the strenuous and hostile close of the [[marine]]-life era.

60:1.5 150,000,000 years ago the early [[land]]-life periods of the world's [[history]] began. Life, in general, did not fare well but did better than at the strenuous and hostile close of the [[marine]]-life era.

60:1.6 As this era opens, the eastern and central parts of North America, the northern half of South America, most of Europe, and all of Asia are well above [[water]]. North America for the first time is geographically [[isolated]], but not for long as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Strait Bering Strait] land bridge soon again emerges, connecting the continent with Asia.

60:1.6 As this era opens, the eastern and central parts of North America, the northern half of South America, most of Europe, and all of Asia are well above [[water]]. North America for the first time is geographically [[isolated]], but not for long as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Strait Bering Strait] land bridge soon again emerges, connecting the continent with Asia.

60:1.7 Great troughs developed in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America], [[paralleling]] the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Appalachian_Valley Atlantic] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Cordillera_%28North_America%29 Pacific coasts]. The great [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Connecticut eastern-Connecticut fault] appeared, one side eventually sinking two miles. Many of these North American troughs were later filled with erosion deposits, as also were many of the basins of the fresh- and salt-water lakes of the mountain regions. Later on, these filled land depressions were greatly elevated by lava flows which occurred underground. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_forests petrified forests] of many regions belong to this [[epoch]].

60:1.7 Great troughs developed in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America], [[paralleling]] the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Appalachian_Valley Atlantic] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Cordillera_%28North_America%29 Pacific coasts]. The great [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Connecticut eastern-Connecticut fault] appeared, one side eventually sinking two miles. Many of these North American troughs were later filled with erosion deposits, as also were many of the basins of the fresh- and salt-water lakes of the mountain regions. Later on, these filled land depressions were greatly elevated by lava flows which occurred underground. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_forests petrified forests] of many regions belong to this [[epoch]].

60:1.8 The Pacific coast, usually above [[water]] during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continental] submergences, went down excepting the southern part of California and a large island which then existed in what is now the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ocean Pacific Ocean]. This ancient California sea was rich in [[marine]] life and extended eastward to [[connect]] with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Interior_Seaway old sea basin of the midwestern region].

60:1.8 The Pacific coast, usually above [[water]] during the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continental] submergences, went down excepting the southern part of California and a large island which then existed in what is now the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ocean Pacific Ocean]. This ancient California sea was rich in [[marine]] life and extended eastward to [[connect]] with the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Interior_Seaway old sea basin of the midwestern region].

60:1.9 140,000,000 years ago, suddenly and with only the hint of the two prereptilian [[ancestors]] that [[developed]] in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa#Paleohistory Africa] during the preceding [[epoch]], the [[reptiles]] appeared in full-fledged form. They [[developed]] rapidly, soon yielding crocodiles, scaled reptiles, and eventually both sea serpents and flying reptiles. Their [[transition]] [[ancestors]] speedily disappeared.

60:1.9 140,000,000 years ago, suddenly and with only the hint of the two prereptilian [[ancestors]] that [[developed]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa#Paleohistory Africa] during the preceding [[epoch]], the [[reptiles]] appeared in full-fledged form. They [[developed]] rapidly, soon yielding crocodiles, scaled reptiles, and eventually both sea serpents and flying reptiles. Their [[transition]] [[ancestors]] speedily disappeared.

60:1.10 These rapidly evolving reptilian [[dinosaurs]] soon became the [[Dominant|monarchs]] of this age. They were egg layers and are distinguished from all [[animals]] by their small [[brains]], having brains weighing less than one pound to [[control]] [[bodies]] later weighing as much as forty tons. But earlier [[reptiles]] were smaller, [[carnivorous]], and walked kangaroolike on their hind legs. They had hollow avian bones and subsequently developed only three toes on their hind feet, and many of their [[fossil]] footprints have been mistaken for those of giant birds. Later on, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaurs#Evolution_and_paleobiogeography herbivorous dinosaurs] evolved. They walked on all fours, and one branch of this group developed a protective armor.

60:1.10 These rapidly evolving reptilian [[dinosaurs]] soon became the [[Dominant|monarchs]] of this age. They were egg layers and are distinguished from all [[animals]] by their small [[brains]], having brains weighing less than one pound to [[control]] [[bodies]] later weighing as much as forty tons. But earlier [[reptiles]] were smaller, [[carnivorous]], and walked kangaroolike on their hind legs. They had hollow avian bones and subsequently developed only three toes on their hind feet, and many of their [[fossil]] footprints have been mistaken for those of giant birds. Later on, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaurs#Evolution_and_paleobiogeography herbivorous dinosaurs] evolved. They walked on all fours, and one branch of this group developed a protective armor.

60:1.11 Several million years later the first [[mammals]] appeared. They were nonplacental and proved a speedy [[failure]]; none [[survived]]. This was an [[experimental]] effort to improve mammalian types, but it did not succeed on [[Urantia]].

60:1.11 Several million years later the first [[mammals]] appeared. They were nonplacental and proved a speedy [[failure]]; none [[survived]]. This was an [[experimental]] effort to improve mammalian types, but it did not succeed on [[Urantia]].

60:1.12 The [[marine]] life of this period was meager but improved rapidly with the new [[invasion]] of the [[sea]], which again produced extensive coast lines of shallow [[waters]]. Since there was more shallow water around Europe and Asia, the richest [[fossil]] beds are to be found about these continents. Today, if you would [[study]] the life of this age, [[examine]] the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Mountains#Origins_and_growth Himalayan], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia#Geography_and_geology Siberian], and [[Mediterranean]] regions, as well as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India#Geography India] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Islands islands of the southern Pacific basin]. A prominent feature of the [[marine]] life was the [[presence]] of hosts of the [[beautiful]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonites ammonites], whose [[fossil]] remains are found all over the world.

60:1.12 The [[marine]] life of this period was meager but improved rapidly with the new [[invasion]] of the [[sea]], which again produced extensive coast lines of shallow [[waters]]. Since there was more shallow water around Europe and Asia, the richest [[fossil]] beds are to be found about these continents. Today, if you would [[study]] the life of this age, [[examine]] the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Mountains#Origins_and_growth Himalayan], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia#Geography_and_geology Siberian], and [[Mediterranean]] regions, as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India#Geography India] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Islands islands of the southern Pacific basin]. A prominent feature of the [[marine]] life was the [[presence]] of hosts of the [[beautiful]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonites ammonites], whose [[fossil]] remains are found all over the world.

60:1.13 130,000,000 years ago the [[seas]] had changed very little. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia Siberia] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] were [[connected]] by the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Strait Bering Strait] land bridge. A rich and [[unique]] [[marine]] life appeared on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_coast Californian Pacific coast], where over one thousand [[species]] of ammonites developed from the higher types of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopods cephalopods]. The life changes of this period were indeed [[revolutionary]] notwithstanding that they were [[transitional]] and [[gradual]].

60:1.13 130,000,000 years ago the [[seas]] had changed very little. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia Siberia] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] were [[connected]] by the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Strait Bering Strait] land bridge. A rich and [[unique]] [[marine]] life appeared on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_coast Californian Pacific coast], where over one thousand [[species]] of ammonites developed from the higher types of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopods cephalopods]. The life changes of this period were indeed [[revolutionary]] notwithstanding that they were [[transitional]] and [[gradual]].

60:1.14 This period extended over twenty-five million years and is known as the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassic Triassic].

60:1.14 This period extended over twenty-five million years and is known as the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassic Triassic].

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_60 Go to Paper 60]</center>

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_60 Go to Paper 60]</center>