Changes

88:4.1 [[Civilized]] [[man]] [[attacks]] the [[problems]] of a real [[environment]] through his [[science]]; [[savage]] man attempted to solve the real [[problems]] of an [[illusory]] [[ghost]] environment by [[magic]]. Magic was the [[technique]] of [[manipulating]] the conjectured [[spirit]] environment whose machinations endlessly explained the inexplicable; it was the art of obtaining [[voluntary]] spirit [[co-operation]] and of coercing involuntary [[spirit]] aid through the use of [[fetishes]] or other and more powerful spirits.

88:4.1 [[Civilized]] [[man]] [[attacks]] the [[problems]] of a real [[environment]] through his [[science]]; [[savage]] man attempted to solve the real [[problems]] of an [[illusory]] [[ghost]] environment by [[magic]]. Magic was the [[technique]] of [[manipulating]] the conjectured [[spirit]] environment whose machinations endlessly explained the inexplicable; it was the art of obtaining [[voluntary]] spirit [[co-operation]] and of coercing involuntary [[spirit]] aid through the use of [[fetishes]] or other and more powerful spirits.

88:4.2 The object of [[magic]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcery sorcery], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necromancy necromancy] was twofold:

88:4.2 The object of [[magic]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcery sorcery], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necromancy necromancy] was twofold:

*1. To secure [[insight]] into the [[future]].

*1. To secure [[insight]] into the [[future]].

88:4.4 The [[fascination]] of early [[superstition]] was the [[mother]] of the later [[scientific]] [[curiosity]]. There was [[progressive]] [[dynamic]] [[emotion]]—[[fear]] plus [[curiosity]]—in these primitive [[superstitions]]; there was progressive driving [[power]] in the olden [[magic]]. These superstitions [[represented]] the [[emergence]] of the human [[desire]] to know and to [[control]] [[planetary]] [[environment]].

88:4.4 The [[fascination]] of early [[superstition]] was the [[mother]] of the later [[scientific]] [[curiosity]]. There was [[progressive]] [[dynamic]] [[emotion]]—[[fear]] plus [[curiosity]]—in these primitive [[superstitions]]; there was progressive driving [[power]] in the olden [[magic]]. These superstitions [[represented]] the [[emergence]] of the human [[desire]] to know and to [[control]] [[planetary]] [[environment]].

88:4.5 [[Magic]] gained such a strong hold upon the [[savage]] because he could not grasp the [[concept]] of [[natural]] [[death]]. The later [[idea]] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_sin original sin] helped much to weaken the grip of [[magic]] on the [[race]] in that it accounted for [[natural]] [[death]]. It was at one time not at all uncommon for ten [[innocent]] persons to be put to [[death]] because of supposed [[responsibility]] for one natural death. This is one [[reason]] why [[ancient]] peoples did not increase faster, and it is still true of some African [[tribes]]. The accused [[individual]] usually [[confessed]] [[guilt]], even when facing death.

88:4.5 [[Magic]] gained such a strong hold upon the [[savage]] because he could not grasp the [[concept]] of [[natural]] [[death]]. The later [[idea]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_sin original sin] helped much to weaken the grip of [[magic]] on the [[race]] in that it accounted for [[natural]] [[death]]. It was at one time not at all uncommon for ten [[innocent]] persons to be put to [[death]] because of supposed [[responsibility]] for one natural death. This is one [[reason]] why [[ancient]] peoples did not increase faster, and it is still true of some African [[tribes]]. The accused [[individual]] usually [[confessed]] [[guilt]], even when facing death.

88:4.6 [[Magic]] is natural to a [[savage]]. He believes that an enemy can actually be killed by practicing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcery sorcery] on his shingled hair or fingernail trimmings. The fatality of snake bites was [[attributed]] to the [[magic]] of the sorcerer. The [[difficulty]] in combating [[magic]] arises from the [[fact]] that [[fear]] can kill. [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:1._PRIMITIVE_MAN Primitive peoples] so feared [[magic]] that it did actually kill, and such results were sufficient to substantiate this erroneous [[belief]]. In case of failure there was always some plausible [[explanation]]; the [[cure]] for [[defective]] magic was more [[magic]].

88:4.6 [[Magic]] is natural to a [[savage]]. He believes that an enemy can actually be killed by practicing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcery sorcery] on his shingled hair or fingernail trimmings. The fatality of snake bites was [[attributed]] to the [[magic]] of the sorcerer. The [[difficulty]] in combating [[magic]] arises from the [[fact]] that [[fear]] can kill. [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:1._PRIMITIVE_MAN Primitive peoples] so feared [[magic]] that it did actually kill, and such results were sufficient to substantiate this erroneous [[belief]]. In case of failure there was always some plausible [[explanation]]; the [[cure]] for [[defective]] magic was more [[magic]].

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_88 Go to Paper 88]</center>

<center>[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_88 Go to Paper 88]</center>