Changes

One minor [[tradition]] that the more specific term "public management" refers to ordinary, routine or typical management concerns, in the [[context]] of achieving public [[good]]. Others argue that public management as a new, economically driven [[perspective]] on the operation of government. This latter view is often called "new public management" by its advocates. New Public Management represents a reform attempt, aimed at reemphasizing the [[professional]] nature of the field. This will replace the academic, [[moral]] or disciplinary emphasis. Some [[theorists]] advocate a bright line differentiation of the professional field from related academic disciplines like political science and sociology; it remains interdisciplinary in nature.

One minor [[tradition]] that the more specific term "public management" refers to ordinary, routine or typical management concerns, in the [[context]] of achieving public [[good]]. Others argue that public management as a new, economically driven [[perspective]] on the operation of government. This latter view is often called "new public management" by its advocates. New Public Management represents a reform attempt, aimed at reemphasizing the [[professional]] nature of the field. This will replace the academic, [[moral]] or disciplinary emphasis. Some [[theorists]] advocate a bright line differentiation of the professional field from related academic disciplines like political science and sociology; it remains interdisciplinary in nature.

As a field, ''public administration'' can be compared to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_administration business administration], and the master of public administration (MPA) viewed as similar to a master of business administration (MBA) for those wishing to pursue governmental or non-profit careers. An MPA often emphasizes substantially different [[ethic]]al and [[sociological]] [[criteria]] that are traditionally secondary to that of profit for business administrators. The MPA is related to similar government studies including public affairs, public policy, and political science. [[Differences]] often include program emphases on policy [[analysis]] [[techniques]] or other topical [[focus]] such as the study of international affairs as opposed to focuses on constitutional issues such as separation of powers, administrative law, problems of governance and power, and participatory [[democracy]].

As a field, ''public administration'' can be compared to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_administration business administration], and the master of public administration (MPA) viewed as similar to a master of business administration (MBA) for those wishing to pursue governmental or non-profit careers. An MPA often emphasizes substantially different [[ethic]]al and [[sociological]] [[criteria]] that are traditionally secondary to that of profit for business administrators. The MPA is related to similar government studies including public affairs, public policy, and political science. [[Differences]] often include program emphases on policy [[analysis]] [[techniques]] or other topical [[focus]] such as the study of international affairs as opposed to focuses on constitutional issues such as separation of powers, administrative law, problems of governance and power, and participatory [[democracy]].

The Doctor of Public Administration (DPA) is an applied-[[research]] doctoral degree in the field of public administration, focusing on [[practice]]. The DPA requires a dissertation and significant coursework beyond the masters level. Upon successful completion of the doctoral requirements, the title of "Doctor" is awarded and the post-nominals of D.P.A. are often added.

The Doctor of Public Administration (DPA) is an applied-[[research]] doctoral degree in the field of public administration, focusing on [[practice]]. The DPA requires a dissertation and significant coursework beyond the masters level. Upon successful completion of the doctoral requirements, the title of "Doctor" is awarded and the post-nominals of D.P.A. are often added.

Public administration [[theory]] is the domain in which [[discussions]] of the [[meaning]] and [[purpose]] of government, bureaucracy, budgets, governance, and public affairs takes place. In recent years, public administration theory has periodically connoted a heavy orientation toward [[critical theory]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern postmodern] philosophical notions of government, governance, and power. However, many public administration [[scholars]] support a [[classic]] definition of the term emphasizing constitutionality, [[service]], bureaucratic forms of organization, and [[hierarchical]] government.

Public administration [[theory]] is the domain in which [[discussions]] of the [[meaning]] and [[purpose]] of government, bureaucracy, budgets, governance, and public affairs takes place. In recent years, public administration theory has periodically connoted a heavy orientation toward [[critical theory]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern postmodern] philosophical notions of government, governance, and power. However, many public administration [[scholars]] support a [[classic]] definition of the term emphasizing constitutionality, [[service]], bureaucratic forms of organization, and [[hierarchical]] government.

==See also==

==See also==

*'''''[[Bureaucracy]]'''''

*'''''[[Bureaucracy]]'''''

==References==

==References==

# Dubois, Hans F. W.; Fattore, Giovanni (2009). International Journal of Public Administration. 32(8). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 704-727. doi:10.1080/01900690902908760. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a913084156. "The field of public administration knows many concepts. By focusing on one such concept, this research shows how definitions can be deceptive..."  

# Dubois, Hans F. W.; Fattore, Giovanni (2009). International Journal of Public Administration. 32(8). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 704-727. doi:10.1080/01900690902908760. https://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a913084156. "The field of public administration knows many concepts. By focusing on one such concept, this research shows how definitions can be deceptive..."  

# Wilson, Woodrow, "The Study of Administration," Political Science Quarterly 2 (June 1887)

# Wilson, Woodrow, "The Study of Administration," Political Science Quarterly 2 (June 1887)

[[Category: Law]]

[[Category: Law]]

[[Category: Political Science]]

[[Category: Political Science]]