Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

New Latin, from [[Greek]] ''anaisthēsia'' insensibility, from ''a''- + ''aisthēsis'' [[perception]], from ''aisthanesthai'' to perceive

New Latin, from [[Greek]] ''anaisthēsia'' insensibility, from ''a''- + ''aisthēsis'' [[perception]], from ''aisthanesthai'' to perceive

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century circa 1721]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century circa 1721]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: loss of sensation with or without loss of [[consciousness]]  

*1: loss of sensation with or without loss of [[consciousness]]  

==Description==

==Description==

'''Anesthesia''', or anaesthesia (from [[Greek]] αν-, an-, "without"; and αἴσθησις, aisthēsis, "sensation"), traditionally meant the condition of having sensation (including the [[feeling]] of [[pain]]) blocked or temporarily taken away. It is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology pharmacologically] induced and reversible state of [[amnesia]], analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes, decreased [[stress]] response, or all of these [[simultaneously]]. These effects can be obtained from a single [[drug]] which alone provides the correct combination of effects, or occasionally a combination of drugs (such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnotics hypnotics], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedatives sedatives], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralytic paralytics] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analgesics analgesics] to achieve very specific combinations of results. This allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and [[pain]] they would otherwise [[experience]]. An alternative definition is a "reversible lack of [[awareness]]," including a total lack of awareness (e.g. a general anesthetic) or a lack of awareness of a part of the body such as a spinal anesthetic. The pre-existing word anesthesia was suggested by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Sr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr]. in 1846 as a word to use to describe this state.

'''Anesthesia''', or anaesthesia (from [[Greek]] αν-, an-, "without"; and αἴσθησις, aisthēsis, "sensation"), traditionally meant the condition of having sensation (including the [[feeling]] of [[pain]]) blocked or temporarily taken away. It is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology pharmacologically] induced and reversible state of [[amnesia]], analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes, decreased [[stress]] response, or all of these [[simultaneously]]. These effects can be obtained from a single [[drug]] which alone provides the correct combination of effects, or occasionally a combination of drugs (such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnotics hypnotics], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedatives sedatives], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralytic paralytics] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analgesics analgesics] to achieve very specific combinations of results. This allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and [[pain]] they would otherwise [[experience]]. An alternative definition is a "reversible lack of [[awareness]]," including a total lack of awareness (e.g. a general anesthetic) or a lack of awareness of a part of the body such as a spinal anesthetic. The pre-existing word anesthesia was suggested by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Sr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr]. in 1846 as a word to use to describe this state.

Types of anesthesia include [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthesia local anesthesia], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_anaesthesia regional anesthesia], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthesia general anesthesia], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative dissociative anesthesia]. Local anesthesia inhibits sensory [[perception]] within a specific location on the [[body]], such as a tooth or the urinary bladder. Regional anesthesia renders a larger area of the body insensate by blocking transmission of [[nerve]] impulses between a part of the body and the spinal cord. Two frequently used types of regional anesthesia are [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia spinal anesthesia] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural epidural anesthesia]. General anesthesia refers to inhibition of sensory, motor and sympathetic nerve transmission at the level of the [[brain]], resulting in unconsciousness and lack of sensation. Dissociative anesthesia uses agents that inhibit transmission of nerve impulses between higher centers of the brain (such as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex cerebral cortex]) and the lower centers, such as those found within the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbic_system limbic system].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia]

Types of anesthesia include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthesia local anesthesia], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_anaesthesia regional anesthesia], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthesia general anesthesia], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative dissociative anesthesia]. Local anesthesia inhibits sensory [[perception]] within a specific location on the [[body]], such as a tooth or the urinary bladder. Regional anesthesia renders a larger area of the body insensate by blocking transmission of [[nerve]] impulses between a part of the body and the spinal cord. Two frequently used types of regional anesthesia are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia spinal anesthesia] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural epidural anesthesia]. General anesthesia refers to inhibition of sensory, motor and sympathetic nerve transmission at the level of the [[brain]], resulting in unconsciousness and lack of sensation. Dissociative anesthesia uses agents that inhibit transmission of nerve impulses between higher centers of the brain (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex cerebral cortex]) and the lower centers, such as those found within the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbic_system limbic system].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia]

[[Category: Health]]

[[Category: Health]]