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[[Image:lighterstill.jpg]] [[Image:Beauty low res.jpg|right|frame|<center>[[Euler|Euler's]] Relation</center>]]

[[Image:lighterstill.jpg]] [[Image:Beauty low res.jpg|right|frame|<center>[[ Euler]]'s Relation</center>]]

'''Beauty''', [[art]], is largely a matter of the unification of contrasts. Variety is essential to the concept of beauty. The supreme beauty, the height of [[finite]] art, is the drama of the unification of the vastness of the [[cosmic]] extremes of Creator and creature. Man finding God and God finding man--the creature becoming perfect as is the Creator--that is the supernal achievement of the supremely beautiful, the attainment of the apex of [[cosmic]] [[art]].[http://urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=http://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper56.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper56.html&line=155#mfs]

Beauty is the [[intellect]]ual recognition of the harmonious [[time]]-[[space]] synthesis of the far-flung diversification of [[phenomenon|phenomenal]] reality, all of which stems from pre-existent and [[eternal]] oneness.[https://urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=https://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper56.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper56.html&line=167#mfs]

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''Beauty''', follow [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Beauty this link].</center>

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''Beauty''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Beauty this link].</center>

 

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The foundations laid by Greek and Roman artists have also supplied the standard for male beauty in western [[civilization]]. The ideal Roman was defined as tall, muscular, long-legged, with a full head of thick hair, a high and wide forehead – a sign of [[intelligence]] – wide-set eyes, a strong browline, a strong perfect nose and profile, a smaller mouth, and a strong jaw line. This combination of factors would, as it does today, produce an impressive "grand" look of handsome masculinity.

The foundations laid by Greek and Roman artists have also supplied the standard for male beauty in western [[civilization]]. The ideal Roman was defined as tall, muscular, long-legged, with a full head of thick hair, a high and wide forehead – a sign of [[intelligence]] – wide-set eyes, a strong browline, a strong perfect nose and profile, a smaller mouth, and a strong jaw line. This combination of factors would, as it does today, produce an impressive "grand" look of handsome masculinity.

Beauty ideals may contribute to racial oppression. For example, a prevailing idea in American culture has been that black features are less attractive or desirable than white features. The idea that blackness was ugly was highly damaging to the psyche of African Americans, manifesting itself as internalized racism.[http://www.genderforum.uni-koeln.de/genderealisations/weedon.html] The black is beautiful cultural movement sought to dispel this notion.[http://www.bucks.edu/~docarmos/BCMnotes.html] Conversely, beauty ideals may also promote racial unity. Mixed race children are often perceived to be more attractive than their parents because their genetic diversity protects them from the inherited errors of their individual parents.  

Beauty ideals may contribute to racial oppression. For example, a prevailing idea in American culture has been that black features are less attractive or desirable than white features. The idea that blackness was ugly was highly damaging to the psyche of African Americans, manifesting itself as internalized racism.[https://www.genderforum.uni-koeln.de/genderealisations/weedon.html] The black is beautiful cultural movement sought to dispel this notion.[https://www.bucks.edu/~docarmos/BCMnotes.html] Conversely, beauty ideals may also promote racial unity. Mixed race children are often perceived to be more attractive than their parents because their genetic diversity protects them from the inherited errors of their individual parents.  

==Human beauty==

==Human beauty==

Beauty presents a standard of comparison, and it can cause resentment and dissatisfaction when not achieved. People who do not fit the "beauty ideal" may be ostracized within their communities. The television sitcom ''Ugly Betty'' documents the life of a girl faced with hardships due to society's unwelcoming attitudes toward those they deem unattractive. However, a person may also be targeted for harassment because of their beauty. In Malèna, a strikingly beautiful Italian woman is forced into poverty by the women of the community who refuse to give her work in fear that she may "woo" their husbands.

Beauty presents a standard of comparison, and it can cause resentment and dissatisfaction when not achieved. People who do not fit the "beauty ideal" may be ostracized within their communities. The television sitcom ''Ugly Betty'' documents the life of a girl faced with hardships due to society's unwelcoming attitudes toward those they deem unattractive. However, a person may also be targeted for harassment because of their beauty. In Malèna, a strikingly beautiful Italian woman is forced into poverty by the women of the community who refuse to give her work in fear that she may "woo" their husbands.

Researchers have found that good looking students get higher grades from their teachers than students with an ordinary appearance. Furthermore, attractive patients receive more personalized care from their doctors. Studies have even shown that handsome criminals receive lighter sentences than less attractive convicts. How much money a person earns may also be influenced by physical beauty. One study found that people low in physical attractiveness earn 5 to 10 percent less than ordinary looking people, who in turn earn 3 to 8 percent less than those who are considered good looking.. [http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/Careers/07/08/looks/ Do pretty people earn more?]" ''CNN News'', Time Warner. Discrimination against others based on their appearance is known as lookism.

Researchers have found that good looking students get higher grades from their teachers than students with an ordinary appearance. Furthermore, attractive patients receive more personalized care from their doctors. Studies have even shown that handsome criminals receive lighter sentences than less attractive convicts. How much money a person earns may also be influenced by physical beauty. One study found that people low in physical attractiveness earn 5 to 10 percent less than ordinary looking people, who in turn earn 3 to 8 percent less than those who are considered good looking.. [https://www.cnn.com/2005/US/Careers/07/08/looks/ Do pretty people earn more?]" ''CNN News'', Time Warner. Discrimination against others based on their appearance is known as lookism.

[[St. Augustine]] said of beauty "Beauty is indeed a good gift of God; but that the good may not think it a great good, God dispenses it even to the wicked." [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf102.iv.XV.22.html City of God Book 15 Chapter 22]

[[St. Augustine]] said of beauty "Beauty is indeed a good gift of God; but that the good may not think it a great good, God dispenses it even to the wicked." [https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf102.iv.XV.22.html City of God Book 15 Chapter 22]

==See also==

==See also==

   

   

==External links==

==External links==

* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_20050519.shtml BBC Radio 4's In Our Time programme on Beauty] (requires RealAudio)

* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_20050519.shtml BBC Radio 4's In Our Time programme on Beauty] (requires RealAudio)

* [http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-28 ''Dictionary of the History of Ideas'':] Theories of Beauty to the Mid-Nineteenth Century

* [https://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-28 ''Dictionary of the History of Ideas'':] Theories of Beauty to the Mid-Nineteenth Century

* [http://www.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/phil_Fak_II/Psychologie/Psy_II/beautycheck/english/prototypen/prototypen.htm beautycheck.de/english] Regensburg University - Characteristics of beautiful faces

* [https://www.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/phil_Fak_II/Psychologie/Psy_II/beautycheck/english/prototypen/prototypen.htm beautycheck.de/english] Regensburg University - Characteristics of beautiful faces