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*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1a :  the [[quality]] or state of having [[existence]]

*1a :  the [[quality]] or state of having [[existence]]

*3:  a living thing; especially :  [[person]]  

*3:  a living thing; especially :  [[person]]  

==Description==

==Description==

In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology ontology] (the study of '''being''') being is anything that can be said to ''be'', either [[transcendentally]] or [[Immanence|immanently]] The nature of being varies by philosophy, giving different interpretations in the frameworks of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle Aristotle], [[materialism]], [[idealism]], [[existentialism]], [[Islam]], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxism Marxism].

In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology ontology] (the study of '''being''') being is anything that can be said to ''be'', either [[transcendentally]] or [[Immanence|immanently]] The nature of being varies by philosophy, giving different interpretations in the frameworks of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle Aristotle], [[materialism]], [[idealism]], [[existentialism]], [[Islam]], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxism Marxism].

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''[[Being]]''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Being '''''this link'''''].</center>

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''[[Being]]''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Being '''''this link'''''].</center>

Some philosophers deny that the concept of "being" has any [[meaning]] at all, since we only define an object's [[existence]] by its relation to other objects, and actions it undertakes. The term "[[I am]]" has no meaning by itself; it must have an action or relation appended to it. This in turn has led to the thought that "being" and [[nothing]]ness are closely related, developed in [[existential]] philosophy.

Some philosophers deny that the concept of "being" has any [[meaning]] at all, since we only define an object's [[existence]] by its relation to other objects, and actions it undertakes. The term "[[I am]]" has no meaning by itself; it must have an action or relation appended to it. This in turn has led to the thought that "being" and [[nothing]]ness are closely related, developed in [[existential]] philosophy.

Existentialist philosophers such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Sartre Sartre], as well as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_philosophy continental philosophers] such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegel Hegel] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidegger Heidegger] have also written extensively on the concept of being. Hegel distinguishes between the being of objects (being in itself) and the being of people (Geist).  Hegel, however, did not think there was much [[hope]] for delineating a "meaning" of being, because being stripped of all predicates is simply nothing.  

Existentialist philosophers such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Paul_Sartre Sartre], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_philosophy continental philosophers] such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegel Hegel] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidegger Heidegger] have also written extensively on the concept of being. Hegel distinguishes between the being of objects (being in itself) and the being of people (Geist).  Hegel, however, did not think there was much [[hope]] for delineating a "meaning" of being, because being stripped of all predicates is simply nothing.  

Heidegger, in his quest to re-pose the original pre-Socratic questions of Being (of why is there something rather than nothing), [[wondered]] at how to meaningfully ask the question of the meaning of being, since it is both the greatest, as it includes [[everything]] that is, and the least, since no particular thing can be said of it.  He distinguishes between different [[modes]] of beings: a privative mode is present-at-hand, whereas beings in a fuller sense are described as ready-to-hand.  The one who asks the question of Being is described as Da-sein ("there/here-being") or ''being-in-the-world''. Sartre, popularly understood as misreading Heidegger (an understanding supported by Heidegger's essay "Letter on Humanism" which responds to Sartre's famous address, "Existentialism is a Humanism"), employs modes of being in an attempt to ground his concept of [[freedom]] ontologically by distinguishing between being-in-itself and being-for-itself.

Heidegger, in his quest to re-pose the original pre-Socratic questions of Being (of why is there something rather than nothing), [[wondered]] at how to meaningfully ask the question of the meaning of being, since it is both the greatest, as it includes [[everything]] that is, and the least, since no particular thing can be said of it.  He distinguishes between different [[modes]] of beings: a privative mode is present-at-hand, whereas beings in a fuller sense are described as ready-to-hand.  The one who asks the question of Being is described as Da-sein ("there/here-being") or ''being-in-the-world''. Sartre, popularly understood as misreading Heidegger (an understanding supported by Heidegger's essay "Letter on Humanism" which responds to Sartre's famous address, "Existentialism is a Humanism"), employs modes of being in an attempt to ground his concept of [[freedom]] ontologically by distinguishing between being-in-itself and being-for-itself.

*As far as we can discern, the sole purpose of human existence is to kindle a light of meaning in the darkness of mere ''being''. - [[Carl Jung]]

*As far as we can discern, the sole purpose of human existence is to kindle a light of meaning in the darkness of mere ''being''. - [[Carl Jung]]

*"It depends not on [[consciousness]], but on ''being''; not on thought, but on ''life''; it depends on the individual's empirical development and manifestation of life, which in turn depends on the conditions existing in the world." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx Karl Marx], ''Individuality in Thought and Desire''

*"It depends not on [[consciousness]], but on ''being''; not on thought, but on ''life''; it depends on the individual's empirical development and manifestation of life, which in turn depends on the conditions existing in the world." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx Karl Marx], ''Individuality in Thought and Desire''

*Each [[human being]] while living [[life]] has moments of [[revelation]] in which the very fact of being feels [[intensely]] [[personal]] and intensely [[impersonal]] at once, when life seems a [[miracle]] and the [[knowledge]] of your own being and presence in this [[universe]] seems to be unfathomable. That is a little [[glimpse]] of how your [[indwelling spirit]] sees you. If you could see yourself through his eyes, you would witness the most wondrous, miraculous being conceivable, the fact that God can be [[personality]] and create personality as if it were billions of tiny mirrors expressing a slightly different side of his personality. Your personality is whole and yet it is a part of the Father's [[infinite]] personality. - [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=2001-11-25-Being#Lesson Ham]

*Each [[human being]] while living [[life]] has moments of [[revelation]] in which the very fact of being feels [[intensely]] [[personal]] and intensely [[impersonal]] at once, when life seems a [[miracle]] and the [[knowledge]] of your own being and presence in this [[universe]] seems to be unfathomable. That is a little [[glimpse]] of how your [[indwelling spirit]] sees you. If you could see yourself through his eyes, you would witness the most wondrous, miraculous being conceivable, the fact that God can be [[personality]] and create personality as if it were billions of tiny mirrors expressing a slightly different side of his personality. Your personality is whole and yet it is a part of the Father's [[infinite]] personality. - [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=2001-11-25-Being#Lesson Ham]

== External links ==

== External links ==

* [http://www.formalontology.it/being.htm Being in philosophy and linguistics]

* [https://www.formalontology.it/being.htm Being in philosophy and linguistics]

[[Category: Philosophy]]

[[Category: Philosophy]]