Changes

[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Biochemistry.jpg|right|frame]]

[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Biochemistry.jpg|right|frame]]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 1848]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 1848]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: [[chemistry]] that deals with the chemical compounds and [[processes]] occurring in [[organisms]]

*1: [[chemistry]] that deals with the chemical compounds and [[processes]] occurring in [[organisms]]

'''Biochemistry''', sometimes called ''biological chemistry'', is the [[study]] of [[chemical]] processes in living [[organisms]], including, but not limited to, living [[matter]]. Biochemistry governs all living [[organisms]] and living processes. By controlling [[information]] [[flow]] through biochemical signalling and the flow of chemical [[energy]] through [[metabolism]], biochemical processes give rise to the incredible [[complexity]] of life.  

'''Biochemistry''', sometimes called ''biological chemistry'', is the [[study]] of [[chemical]] processes in living [[organisms]], including, but not limited to, living [[matter]]. Biochemistry governs all living [[organisms]] and living processes. By controlling [[information]] [[flow]] through biochemical signalling and the flow of chemical [[energy]] through [[metabolism]], biochemical processes give rise to the incredible [[complexity]] of life.  

Much of biochemistry deals with the [[structures]] and [[functions]] of [[cellular]] components such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein proteins],[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate  carbohydrates], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid lipids], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid nucleic acids] and other [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule biomolecules] —although increasingly [[processes]] rather than [[individual]] [[molecules]] are the main [[focus]]. Over the last 40 years biochemistry has become so successful at [[explaining]] living [[processes]] that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research. Today the main [[focus]] of [[pure]] biochemistry is in [[understanding]] how [[biological]] [[molecules]] give rise to the [[processes]] that occur within living [[cells]], which in turn relates greatly to the [[study]] and [[understanding]] of whole [[organisms]].

Much of biochemistry deals with the [[structures]] and [[functions]] of [[cellular]] components such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein proteins],[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate  carbohydrates], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid lipids], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid nucleic acids] and other [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule biomolecules] —although increasingly [[processes]] rather than [[individual]] [[molecules]] are the main [[focus]]. Over the last 40 years biochemistry has become so successful at [[explaining]] living [[processes]] that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research. Today the main [[focus]] of [[pure]] biochemistry is in [[understanding]] how [[biological]] [[molecules]] give rise to the [[processes]] that occur within living [[cells]], which in turn relates greatly to the [[study]] and [[understanding]] of whole [[organisms]].

Among the vast [[number]] of different [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule biomolecules], many are [[complex]] and large molecules (called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolymer ''biopolymers'']), which are composed of similar repeating subunits (called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomer ''monomers'']). Each class of polymeric biomolecule has a different set of subunit types. For example, a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein protein] is a polymer whose subunits are selected from a set of 20 or more [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid amino acids]. Biochemistry studies the [[chemical]] [[properties]] of important biological molecules, like proteins, and in particular the chemistry of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme enzyme]-[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis catalyzed] reactions.

Among the vast [[number]] of different [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule biomolecules], many are [[complex]] and large molecules (called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolymer ''biopolymers'']), which are composed of similar repeating subunits (called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomer ''monomers'']). Each class of polymeric biomolecule has a different set of subunit types. For example, a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein protein] is a polymer whose subunits are selected from a set of 20 or more [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid amino acids]. Biochemistry studies the [[chemical]] [[properties]] of important biological molecules, like proteins, and in particular the chemistry of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme enzyme]-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis catalyzed] reactions.

The biochemistry of cell [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism metabolism] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system endocrine system] has been extensively described. Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code ([[DNA]], RNA), [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_synthesis protein synthesis], cell membrane transport, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction signal transduction].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry]

The biochemistry of cell [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism metabolism] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system endocrine system] has been extensively described. Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code ([[DNA]], RNA), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_synthesis protein synthesis], cell membrane transport, and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction signal transduction].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry]

[[Category: Biology]]

[[Category: Biology]]

[[Category: Chemistry]]

[[Category: Chemistry]]