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Founder [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart_Brand Stewart Brand], in his 1968 CATALOG article, "We are as gods" said, "At a time when the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Left New Left] was calling for grass-roots [[political]] (i.e., referred) [[power]], Whole Earth eschewed [[politics]] and pushed grassroots direct power—[[tools]] and [[skills]]. At a time when [[New Age]] hippies were deploring the [[intellectual]] world of arid [[abstractions]], Whole Earth pushed [[science]], [[intellectual]] endeavor, and new [[technology]] as well as old. As a result, when the most empowering tool of the century came along—personal computers (resisted by the New Left and despised by the New Age)—Whole Earth was in the thick of the [[development]] from the beginning."
Founder [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart_Brand Stewart Brand], in his 1968 CATALOG article, "We are as gods" said, "At a time when the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Left New Left] was calling for grass-roots [[political]] (i.e., referred) [[power]], Whole Earth eschewed [[politics]] and pushed grassroots direct power—[[tools]] and [[skills]]. At a time when [[New Age]] hippies were deploring the [[intellectual]] world of arid [[abstractions]], Whole Earth pushed [[science]], [[intellectual]] endeavor, and new [[technology]] as well as old. As a result, when the most empowering tool of the century came along—personal computers (resisted by the New Left and despised by the New Age)—Whole Earth was in the thick of the [[development]] from the beginning."
[[File:Britannica11th.jpg|right|frame]]
*'''''[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Main_Page The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]'''''
''The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition'' (1910–1911) is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the day. This edition of the encyclopedia is now in the public domain, but the outdated nature of some of its content makes its use as a source for modern scholarship problematic. Some articles have special value and interest to modern scholars as cultural artifacts of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The 1911 eleventh edition was assembled under the leadership of American publisher Horace Everett Hooper. Hugh Chisholm, who had triumphantly edited the previous edition, was appointed editor in chief, with Walter Alison Phillips as his principal assistant editor.
Originally, Hooper bought the rights to the 25-volume ninth edition and persuaded the British newspaper The Times to issue its reprint, with eleven additional volumes (35 volumes total) as the tenth edition, which appeared in 1902. Hooper's association with The Times ceased in 1909, and he negotiated with the Cambridge University Press to publish the 29-volume eleventh edition. Though it is generally perceived as a quintessentially British work, the eleventh edition had substantial American influences, not only in the increased amount of American and Canadian content, but also in the efforts made to give it a more popular tone. American marketing methods also assisted sales. Some 11% of the contributors were American, and a New York office was established to run that side of the enterprise.
The initials of the encyclopedia's contributors appear at the end of each article (at the end of a section in the case of longer articles, such as that on China) and a key is given in each volume to these initials. Some articles were written by the best-known scholars of the day, such as Edmund Gosse, J. B. Bury, Algernon Charles Swinburne, John Muir, Peter Kropotkin, T. H. Huxley and William Michael Rossetti. Among the then lesser-known contributors were some who would later become distinguished, such as Ernest Rutherford and Bertrand Russell. Many articles were carried over from the ninth edition, some with minimal updating, some of the book-length articles divided into smaller parts for easier reference, yet others heavily abridged. The best-known authors generally contributed only a single article or part of an article. Most of the work was done by a mix of journalists, British Museum and other scholars. The 1911 edition for the first time included a number of female contributors, with 34 women contributing articles to the edition.
The eleventh edition introduced a number of changes to the format of the Britannica. It was the first to be published complete, instead of the previous method of volumes being released as they were ready. The type was kept in galleys and subject to continual updating until publication. It was the first edition of Britannica to be issued with a comprehensive index volume in which was added a categorical index, where like topics were listed. It was the first to break away from the convention of long treatise-length articles. Even though the overall length of the work was roughly the same as its predecessor, the number of articles had increased from 17,000 to 40,000. It was also the first edition of Britannica to contain biographies of living people.
The eleventh edition's articles are still of value and interest to modern readers and scholars, especially as a cultural artifact: the British Empire was at its very height, imperialism was largely unchallenged, much of the world was still ruled by monarchs, and the horrors of the modern world wars were still in the future. They are an invaluable resource for topics dropped from modern encyclopedias, particularly in biography and the history of science and technology. As a literary text, the encyclopedia holds value as a voice of early 20th-century prose. For example, it employs literary devices, such as the pathetic fallacy, which are not as common in modern texts.
==The Humanities==
==The Humanities==
===Architecture===
===Architecture===