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A [[counsel]] or a counsellor gives advice, more particularly in [[law|legal]] matters.
A [[counsel]] or a counsellor gives advice, more particularly in [[law|legal]] matters.
==Origins==
Middle English. con-, counseil, -ail, -ayl, a. Old French. conseil, cunseil, in AFr. counseil (= Pr. conselh, Cat. consell, Sp. consejo, Pg. conseglo, It. consiglio):L. consilium consultation, plan decided on as the result of consultation, advice, counsel, advising faculty, prudence; a deliberating [[body]], a council of [[state]], war, etc.; a counsellor: a [[word]] of the same type as colloquium, connubium, etc., f. consulre to deliberate, etc., f. con- together + *sal- a root found also in consul, consulto, and prob. cognate with Skr. sar- to go. The various [[senses]] are retained in French; but in [[English]], those meaning a deliberating body are now written COUNCIL, by confusion with [[Latin]] concilium.
<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''Counsel''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Counsel '''''this link'''''].</center>
==Definitions==
*I. 1. a. Interchange of opinions on a matter of procedure; consultation, deliberation. to take counsel: to consult, deliberate.
::b. Conference, [[conversation]]. Obs. rare.
:2. a. Opinion as to what ought to be done given as the result of consultation; aid or instruction for directing the [[judgement]]; advice, direction.
::b. spec. in [[Theology]]. One of the advisory declarations of [[Jesus|Christ]] and the [[apostles]], in mediæval theology reckoned as twelve, which are considered not to be [[universal]]ly binding, but to be given as a means of attaining greater [[moral]] [[perfection]]; so counsel of perfection, esp. in [[reference]] to [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Gospel_of_Matthew#Chapter_19 Matthew. xix. 21]; also transf.; evangelical counsels, the three obligations of voluntary poverty, chastity, and obedience to a religious superior (see quot. 1875).
::c. Phr. counsel of despair.
:3. The faculty of counselling or advising; judgement; prudence; sagacity in the devising of plans. Obs. or arch.
:4. That in which deliberation results; resolution, [[purpose]], [[intention]]; plan, design, scheme.
:5. a. A [[private]] or secret [[purpose]], [[design]], or opinion. Obs. (exc. as in d).
::b. A matter of confidence or secrecy; a secret; a confidence. Obs. (exc. as in d).
::c. in counsel: in private, in confidence. Obs.
::d. to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsel): to keep it secret (obs.). to keep (hold) counsel: to observe secrecy (arch. and dial.). to keep any one's counsel: to keep a secret which he has committed to one (arch. or obs.). to keep one's (own) counsel: to keep one's own secret, be reticent about one's intentions or opinions.
:6. of counsel with or for (a [[person]]), in, with or to (an [[act]], etc.): in the counsels, confidence, or secrets of; one of the advisers of (a person); privy to (an act). Obs.
*II. 7. a. An assembly or [[body]] of advisers. Obs. Now COUNCIL 4 and 6 q.v.
::b. A single [[person]] with whom one consults or advises; a counsellor. Obs.
:8. a. A body of legal advisers, engaged in the direction or conduct of a cause. (Usually a [[collective]] plural, but sometimes treated as a numeral plural; formerly, in ‘to desire the benefit of counsel’, ‘to be allowed counsel’, etc., treated as a collective sing.: cf. quot. 1681.) (In this sense erroneously stated in many legal [[text]]-books to be ‘an abbreviation of counsellor’.)
::b. as sing. (rarely with pl. counsels): A single legal adviser; a counsellor-at-law, advocate, or barrister.
==Legal Description==
The legal [[system]] in England uses the term counsel as an approximate synonym for a barrister-at-[[law]] ', and may apply it to mean either a single [[person]] who pleads a cause, or [[collective]]ly, the body of barristers engaged in a case. It seems uncertain as to whether the term also applies to a solicitor advocate. Some [[judge]]s and lawyers apply the term interchangeably between both barristers and solicitor advocates.
The legal [[system]] in England uses the term counsel as an approximate synonym for a barrister-at-[[law]] ', and may apply it to mean either a single [[person]] who pleads a cause, or [[collective]]ly, the body of barristers engaged in a case. It seems uncertain as to whether the term also applies to a solicitor advocate. Some [[judge]]s and lawyers apply the term interchangeably between both barristers and solicitor advocates.
In the United States of America, the term counselor-at-law designates, specifically, an attorney admitted to [[practice]] in all courts of [[law]]; but as the United States legal [[system]] makes no formal division of the legal profession into two classes, as in England, most US citizens use the term loosely in the same sense as lawyer, meaning one who versed in (or practising) law.
In the United States of America, the term counselor-at-law designates, specifically, an attorney admitted to [[practice]] in all courts of [[law]]; but as the United States legal [[system]] makes no formal division of the legal profession into two classes, as in England, most US citizens use the term loosely in the same sense as lawyer, meaning one who versed in (or practising) law.
In the United States and Canada, many large and midsize law firms have lawyers with the job title of "counsel", "special counsel" or "of counsel". These lawyers are employees of the firm like associates, although some firms have an independent contractor [[relationship]] with them. But unlike associates, and more like partners, they generally have their own clients, manage their own files, and supervise associates. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counsel]
In the United States and Canada, many large and midsize law firms have lawyers with the job title of "counsel", "special counsel" or "of counsel". These lawyers are employees of the firm like associates, although some firms have an independent contractor [[relationship]] with them. But unlike associates, and more like partners, they generally have their own clients, manage their own files, and supervise associates. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counsel]
==See also==
*'''''[[Exhortation]]'''''
[[Category: Law]]
[[Category: Law]]
