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Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpgright|frame ==Origin== [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIO...'
[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Celtic_cross_design.jpg|right|frame]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English], from Old Norse or Old Irish; Old Norse kross, from Old Irish cros, from [[Latin]] cruc-, crux
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century 10th Century]
The [[word]] cross comes [[ultimately]] from [[Latin]] ''[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crux crux]'', a [[Roman]] [[torture]] device used for [[crucifixion]], via Old Irish cros. The word was introduced to [[English]] in the 10th century as the term for the instrument of the torturous [[execution]] of [[Jesus]] as described in the [[New Testament]], [[gradually]] replacing the earlier word [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rood ''rood''].
==Definitions==
*1a : a [[structure]] consisting of an upright with a transverse beam used especially by the ancient [[Romans]] for [[execution]]
:b often capitalized : the cross on which [[Jesus]] was crucified
*2a : [[crucifixion]]
:b : an affliction that tries one's [[virtue]], [[steadfastness]], or [[patience]]
*3: a cruciform sign made to invoke the [[blessing]] of [[Christ]] especially by touching the forehead, [[breast]], and shoulders
*4a : a device composed of an upright bar traversed by a [[horizontal]] one; specifically : one used as a [[Christian]] [[symbol]]
:b capitalized : the [[Christian]] [[religion]]
*5: a [[structure]] (as a [[monument]]) shaped like or surmounted by a cross
*6: a figure or mark formed by two intersecting lines crossing at their midpoints; specifically : such a mark used as a [[signature]]
*7: a cruciform badge, emblem, or decoration
*8: the [[intersection]] of two ways or lines : crossing
*9: annoyance, thwarting <a cross in [[love]]>
*10a : an [[act]] of crossing dissimilar [[individuals]]
:b : a crossbred [[individual]] or kind
:c : one that combines characteristics of two [[different]] types or [[individuals]]
*11a : a fraudulent or dishonest [[contest]]
:b : dishonest or illegal [[practices]] —used especially in the phrase on the cross
*12: a movement from one part of a theater [[stage]] to another
*13a : a punch thrown over the [[opponent]]'s lead in boxing
:b : an attacking pass in soccer played across the field from one side to the other or to the middle
*14: a security [[transaction]] in which a broker acts for both buyer and seller (as in the placing of a large lot of common stock) —called also cross-trade
==Description==
A '''cross''' is a [[geometrical]] figure consisting of two lines or bars [[perpendicular]] to each other, dividing one or two of the lines in half. The lines usually run [[vertically]] and [[horizontally]]; if they run obliquely, the [[design]] is technically termed a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltire saltire], although the arms of a saltire need not meet at right angles.
The cross is one of the most ancient [[human]] [[symbols]], and is used by many religions, such as [[Christianity]]. It is frequently a [[representation]] of the division of the world into four elements (Chevalier, 1997) or cardinal points, or alternately as the [[union]] of the [[concepts]] of [[divinity]], the vertical line, and the [[Humanity|world]], the [[horizontal]].
==History==
It is not known when the first cross image was made; after [[circles]], crosses are one of the first [[symbols]] drawn by [[children]] of all [[cultures]]. There are many cross-shaped incisions in European [[cult]] [[caves]], dating back to the earliest [[stages]] of human cultural [[development]] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_age stone age]. Like other [[symbols]] from this period, their use continued in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celt Celtic] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_peoples Germanic] cultures in Europe. For example, celtic coins minted many centuries before the [[Christian]] era may have an entire side showing this type of cross, sometimes with the cardinal points marked by [[concave]] depressions in the same style as in stone age carvings. Other coins may be showing the cross held by a rider on a horse and springing a fern leaf, sometimes identified as a [[Tree of Life]] [[symbol]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross]
[[Category: Religion]]
[[Category: Anthropology]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English], from Old Norse or Old Irish; Old Norse kross, from Old Irish cros, from [[Latin]] cruc-, crux
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century 10th Century]
The [[word]] cross comes [[ultimately]] from [[Latin]] ''[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crux crux]'', a [[Roman]] [[torture]] device used for [[crucifixion]], via Old Irish cros. The word was introduced to [[English]] in the 10th century as the term for the instrument of the torturous [[execution]] of [[Jesus]] as described in the [[New Testament]], [[gradually]] replacing the earlier word [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rood ''rood''].
==Definitions==
*1a : a [[structure]] consisting of an upright with a transverse beam used especially by the ancient [[Romans]] for [[execution]]
:b often capitalized : the cross on which [[Jesus]] was crucified
*2a : [[crucifixion]]
:b : an affliction that tries one's [[virtue]], [[steadfastness]], or [[patience]]
*3: a cruciform sign made to invoke the [[blessing]] of [[Christ]] especially by touching the forehead, [[breast]], and shoulders
*4a : a device composed of an upright bar traversed by a [[horizontal]] one; specifically : one used as a [[Christian]] [[symbol]]
:b capitalized : the [[Christian]] [[religion]]
*5: a [[structure]] (as a [[monument]]) shaped like or surmounted by a cross
*6: a figure or mark formed by two intersecting lines crossing at their midpoints; specifically : such a mark used as a [[signature]]
*7: a cruciform badge, emblem, or decoration
*8: the [[intersection]] of two ways or lines : crossing
*9: annoyance, thwarting <a cross in [[love]]>
*10a : an [[act]] of crossing dissimilar [[individuals]]
:b : a crossbred [[individual]] or kind
:c : one that combines characteristics of two [[different]] types or [[individuals]]
*11a : a fraudulent or dishonest [[contest]]
:b : dishonest or illegal [[practices]] —used especially in the phrase on the cross
*12: a movement from one part of a theater [[stage]] to another
*13a : a punch thrown over the [[opponent]]'s lead in boxing
:b : an attacking pass in soccer played across the field from one side to the other or to the middle
*14: a security [[transaction]] in which a broker acts for both buyer and seller (as in the placing of a large lot of common stock) —called also cross-trade
==Description==
A '''cross''' is a [[geometrical]] figure consisting of two lines or bars [[perpendicular]] to each other, dividing one or two of the lines in half. The lines usually run [[vertically]] and [[horizontally]]; if they run obliquely, the [[design]] is technically termed a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltire saltire], although the arms of a saltire need not meet at right angles.
The cross is one of the most ancient [[human]] [[symbols]], and is used by many religions, such as [[Christianity]]. It is frequently a [[representation]] of the division of the world into four elements (Chevalier, 1997) or cardinal points, or alternately as the [[union]] of the [[concepts]] of [[divinity]], the vertical line, and the [[Humanity|world]], the [[horizontal]].
==History==
It is not known when the first cross image was made; after [[circles]], crosses are one of the first [[symbols]] drawn by [[children]] of all [[cultures]]. There are many cross-shaped incisions in European [[cult]] [[caves]], dating back to the earliest [[stages]] of human cultural [[development]] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_age stone age]. Like other [[symbols]] from this period, their use continued in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celt Celtic] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_peoples Germanic] cultures in Europe. For example, celtic coins minted many centuries before the [[Christian]] era may have an entire side showing this type of cross, sometimes with the cardinal points marked by [[concave]] depressions in the same style as in stone age carvings. Other coins may be showing the cross held by a rider on a horse and springing a fern leaf, sometimes identified as a [[Tree of Life]] [[symbol]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross]
[[Category: Religion]]
[[Category: Anthropology]]