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'''Eastern philosophy''' refers very broadly to the various [[philosophy|philosophies]] of [[India]], [[China]], [[Japan]], [[Korea]],and, to some extent, of [[Iran|Iran (Persia)]].

'''Eastern philosophy''' refers very broadly to the various [[philosophy|philosophies]] of [[India]], [[China]], [[Japan]], [[Korea]],and, to some extent, of [[Iran|Iran (Persia)]].

=== Hinduism ===

=== Hinduism ===

Hinduism ''Sanātana Dharma'', roughly Perennial Faith) is generally considered to be the oldest [[major world religions|major world religion]] [http://www.world-faiths.com/Hinduism/hinduism.htm World Faiths - Hinduism] and first among [[Dharmic religion|Dharma faiths]]. Hinduism is characterized by a diverse array of belief systems, practices and scriptures. It has its origin in ancient [[Vedic civilization|Vedic]] culture at least as far back as [[3000 BC]]. It is the third largest religion with approximately 1.05 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] followers worldwide, 96% of whom live in the [[Indian subcontinent]].  

Hinduism ''Sanātana Dharma'', roughly Perennial Faith) is generally considered to be the oldest [[major world religions|major world religion]] [https://www.world-faiths.com/Hinduism/hinduism.htm World Faiths - Hinduism] and first among [[Dharmic religion|Dharma faiths]]. Hinduism is characterized by a diverse array of belief systems, practices and scriptures. It has its origin in ancient [[Vedic civilization|Vedic]] culture at least as far back as [[3000 BC]]. It is the third largest religion with approximately 1.05 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] followers worldwide, 96% of whom live in the [[Indian subcontinent]].  

Hinduism rests on the spiritual bedrock of the [[Vedas]], hence Veda [[Dharma]], and their mystic issue, the [[Upanishads]], as well as the teachings of many great Hindu [[guru]]s through the ages. Many streams of thought flow from the six Vedic/Hindu [[Hindu philosophy|schools]], [[Bhakti yoga|Bhakti]] sects and [[Tantra]] Agamic schools into the one ocean of Hinduism, the first of the Dharma religions. Also, the sacred book [[Bhagavad Gita]] is one of the most revered texts among Hindus.

Hinduism rests on the spiritual bedrock of the [[Vedas]], hence Veda [[Dharma]], and their mystic issue, the [[Upanishads]], as well as the teachings of many great Hindu [[guru]]s through the ages. Many streams of thought flow from the six Vedic/Hindu [[Hindu philosophy|schools]], [[Bhakti yoga|Bhakti]] sects and [[Tantra]] Agamic schools into the one ocean of Hinduism, the first of the Dharma religions. Also, the sacred book [[Bhagavad Gita]] is one of the most revered texts among Hindus.

=== Jewish philosophy ===

=== Jewish philosophy ===

[[Jewish]] philosophy is continually shaped by the [[Torah]], [[Tanakh]], [[Talmud]], [[Midrash]] and Kabbalistic traditions.  Much of philosophy (Hashkafa) is also considered in reference to mussar: self-improvement and education to attain a higher purpose - to become close to the Creator. [http://www.shechem.org/torah/mesyesh/h1.htm  Luzzato, M.Ch.] ''פרק א'' מסילת ישרים  Philosophical discussions in the Talmud usually center around legal issues, and the legal implications of having a particular philosophy.  Midrash and [[Kabbalah]] follow a more overarching philosophical style which deal with issues such as ein sof - without end.  The main feature is that the Eternal Creator is a given and is One and unique.  Rambam (Maimonides) in is classic: Moreh Nevuchim (''Guide to the Perplexed''), clarifies this principal in Greco terms.

[[Jewish]] philosophy is continually shaped by the [[Torah]], [[Tanakh]], [[Talmud]], [[Midrash]] and Kabbalistic traditions.  Much of philosophy (Hashkafa) is also considered in reference to mussar: self-improvement and education to attain a higher purpose - to become close to the Creator. [https://www.shechem.org/torah/mesyesh/h1.htm  Luzzato, M.Ch.] ''פרק א'' מסילת ישרים  Philosophical discussions in the Talmud usually center around legal issues, and the legal implications of having a particular philosophy.  Midrash and [[Kabbalah]] follow a more overarching philosophical style which deal with issues such as ein sof - without end.  The main feature is that the Eternal Creator is a given and is One and unique.  Rambam (Maimonides) in is classic: Moreh Nevuchim (''Guide to the Perplexed''), clarifies this principal in Greco terms.

=== Legalism ===

=== Legalism ===

The 20th century [[Hindu]] [[guru]] [[Sri Aurobindo]] was influenced by [[German Idealism]] and his [[Integral yoga]] is regarded as a synthesis of Eastern and Western thought. The German [[phenomenology|phenomenologist]] [[Jean Gebser]]'s writings on the history of [[consciousness]] referred to a new planetary consciousness that would bridge this gap. Followers of these two authors are often grouped together under the term [[Integral thought]].

The 20th century [[Hindu]] [[guru]] [[Sri Aurobindo]] was influenced by [[German Idealism]] and his [[Integral yoga]] is regarded as a synthesis of Eastern and Western thought. The German [[phenomenology|phenomenologist]] [[Jean Gebser]]'s writings on the history of [[consciousness]] referred to a new planetary consciousness that would bridge this gap. Followers of these two authors are often grouped together under the term [[Integral thought]].

Swiss psychologist [[Carl Jung]]'s idea of [[synchronicity]] moves towards an Oriental view of [[causality]], as he states in the [http://www.iging.com/intro/foreword.htm foreword] to Richard Wilhelm's translation of the [[I Ching#Influence on Western culture|I Ching]] (Book of Changes).  He explains that this Chinese view of the world is based not on science as the west knows it, but on chance.

Swiss psychologist [[Carl Jung]]'s idea of [[synchronicity]] moves towards an Oriental view of [[causality]], as he states in the [https://www.iging.com/intro/foreword.htm foreword] to Richard Wilhelm's translation of the [[I Ching#Influence on Western culture|I Ching]] (Book of Changes).  He explains that this Chinese view of the world is based not on science as the west knows it, but on chance.

== See also ==

== See also ==

==References==

==References==

http://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_z_misc_shankara/doc_z_misc_shankara.html

https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_z_misc_shankara/doc_z_misc_shankara.html

== External links ==

== External links ==

* [http://www.dharmaWeb.org/ DharmaWeb.org]

* [https://www.dharmaWeb.org/ DharmaWeb.org]

* [http://www.atmajyoti.org/spirwrit.asp atmajyoti.org] Articles and commentaries on a wide range of topics related to practical Eastern Philosophy

* [https://www.atmajyoti.org/spirwrit.asp atmajyoti.org] Articles and commentaries on a wide range of topics related to practical Eastern Philosophy

* [http://www.utm.edu/staff/jfieser/vita/research/Eastphil.htm Jim Fieser: Intro to Eastern Philosophy]

* [https://www.utm.edu/staff/jfieser/vita/research/Eastphil.htm Jim Fieser: Intro to Eastern Philosophy]

* [http://i.webring.com/hub?ring=easternphilosoph Eastern Philosophy Webring]

* [https://i.webring.com/hub?ring=easternphilosoph Eastern Philosophy Webring]

* [http://www.kheper.net/topics/eastern/ Kheper Website: Eastern Philosophy]

* [https://www.kheper.net/topics/eastern/ Kheper Website: Eastern Philosophy]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: Eastern Philosophy]]

[[Category: Eastern Philosophy]]