Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

[[Latin]] hostīlis, < hostis [[enemy]]

[[Latin]] hostīlis, < hostis [[enemy]]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

==Definitiions==

==Definitiions==

*1a : deep-seated usually [[mutual]] ill will  

*1a : deep-seated usually [[mutual]] ill will  

*2: [[conflict]], [[opposition]], or [[resistance]] in [[thought]] or [[principle]]

*2: [[conflict]], [[opposition]], or [[resistance]] in [[thought]] or [[principle]]

==Description==

==Description==

'''Hostility''' (also called inimicality) is a form of [[angry]] internal [[rejection]] or [[denial]] in [[psychology]]. It is a part of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_construct_psychology personal construct psychology], developed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Kelly_(psychologist) George Kelly]. In everyday [[speech]] it is more commonly used as a synonym for [[anger]] and [[aggression]].

'''Hostility''' (also called inimicality) is a form of [[angry]] internal [[rejection]] or [[denial]] in [[psychology]]. It is a part of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_construct_psychology personal construct psychology], developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Kelly_(psychologist) George Kelly]. In everyday [[speech]] it is more commonly used as a synonym for [[anger]] and [[aggression]].

In [[psychological]] terms, Kelly defined hostility as the willful refusal to [[accept]] [[evidence]] that one's [[perceptions]] of the world are wrong. Instead of reconsidering, the hostile person attempts to [[force]] or [[coerce]] the world to fit their view, even if this is a forlorn [[hope]], and however harmful the cost.

In [[psychological]] terms, Kelly defined hostility as the willful refusal to [[accept]] [[evidence]] that one's [[perceptions]] of the world are wrong. Instead of reconsidering, the hostile person attempts to [[force]] or [[coerce]] the world to fit their view, even if this is a forlorn [[hope]], and however harmful the cost.

While testing [[theories]] against [[reality]] is a [[necessary]] [[part]] of life, and [[persistence]] in the face of [[failure]] is often a [[necessary]] part of [[invention]] or [[discovery]], in the case of hostility there is the distinction that the [[evidence]] is not assessed and a [[decision]] made to try again. Instead the [[evidence]] is suppressed or denied, and deleted from [[awareness]] - the unfavorable [[evidence]] which might suggest a prior [[belief]] is flawed is instead [[ignored]] and willfully avoided. [[Psychologically]], it can be said that [[reality]] is being held for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransom ransom], and in this sense hostility is a form of psychological [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extortion extortion] - an attempt to force [[reality]] to produce the desired feedback, in order that preconceptions become validated. In this sense, hostility is a [[response]] that forms part of discounting of unwanted cognitive [[dissonance]].  

While testing [[theories]] against [[reality]] is a [[necessary]] [[part]] of life, and [[persistence]] in the face of [[failure]] is often a [[necessary]] part of [[invention]] or [[discovery]], in the case of hostility there is the distinction that the [[evidence]] is not assessed and a [[decision]] made to try again. Instead the [[evidence]] is suppressed or denied, and deleted from [[awareness]] - the unfavorable [[evidence]] which might suggest a prior [[belief]] is flawed is instead [[ignored]] and willfully avoided. [[Psychologically]], it can be said that [[reality]] is being held for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransom ransom], and in this sense hostility is a form of psychological [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extortion extortion] - an attempt to force [[reality]] to produce the desired feedback, in order that preconceptions become validated. In this sense, hostility is a [[response]] that forms part of discounting of unwanted cognitive [[dissonance]].  

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]