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[[Melancholia]] (from Greek μελαγχολία - melancholia "sadness, lit. black bile"), also lugubriousness, from the [[Latin]] lugere, to mourn; moroseness, from the Latin morosus, self-willed, fastidious habit; wistfulness, from old [[English]] wist: [[intent]], or saturnine, (see Saturn), in contemporary usage, is a [[mood]] disorder of non-specific [[depression]], characterized by low levels of [[enthusiasm]] and eagerness for activity.

[[Melancholia]] (from Greek μελαγχολία - melancholia "sadness, lit. black bile"), also lugubriousness, from the [[Latin]] lugere, to mourn; moroseness, from the Latin morosus, self-willed, fastidious habit; wistfulness, from old [[English]] wist: [[intent]], or saturnine, (see Saturn), in contemporary usage, is a [[mood]] disorder of non-specific depression, characterized by low levels of [[enthusiasm]] and eagerness for activity.

In a modern [[context]], "melancholy" applies only to the mental or emotional symptoms of depression or despondency; historically, "melancholia" could be [[physical]] as well as [[mental]], and melancholic conditions were classified as such by their common cause rather than by their properties.[1]

In a modern [[context]], "melancholy" applies only to the mental or emotional symptoms of depression or despondency; historically, "melancholia" could be [[physical]] as well as [[mental]], and melancholic conditions were classified as such by their common cause rather than by their properties.[1]

<center>For lessons on '''''Depression''''', follow [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Depression this link].</center>

<center>For lessons on '''''Depression''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Depression this link].</center>

Similarly, melancholia in ancient usage also encompassed mental disorders which might now be classed as [[schizophrenia]]s or [[bipolar disorders]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melancholia]

Similarly, melancholia in ancient usage also encompassed mental disorders which might now be classed as [[schizophrenia]]s or [[bipolar disorders]].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melancholia]

==Notes==

==Notes==

# G E Berrios (1988) Melancholia and depression during the 19th century. A conceptual History. British Journal of Psychiatry 153: 298-304

# G E Berrios (1988) Melancholia and depression during the 19th century. A conceptual History. British Journal of Psychiatry 153: 298-304

# Hanafy A. Youssef, Fatma A. Youssef and T. R. Dening (1996), "Evidence for the existence of schizophrenia in medieval Islamic society", History of Psychiatry 7: 55-62 [56].

# Hanafy A. Youssef, Fatma A. Youssef and T. R. Dening (1996), "Evidence for the existence of schizophrenia in medieval Islamic society", History of Psychiatry 7: 55-62 [56].

==External Links==

==External Links==

*[http://www2.hammer.ucla.edu/etc/durer/ Grunwald Center website: Durer's ''Melencolia'' and clinical depression, iconography and printmaking techniques]

*[https://www2.hammer.ucla.edu/etc/durer/ Grunwald Center website: Durer's ''Melencolia'' and clinical depression, iconography and printmaking techniques]

*[http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/2000/d/dowden53.html "Dürer's Melancholia": sonnet by Edward Dowden]

*[https://www.theotherpages.org/poems/2000/d/dowden53.html "Dürer's Melancholia": sonnet by Edward Dowden]

*[http://www.signandsight.com/features/710.html ''Melancholy and abstraction''], on the Berlin exhibition "Melancholy: Genius and Madness in Art"

*[https://www.signandsight.com/features/710.html ''Melancholy and abstraction''], on the Berlin exhibition "Melancholy: Genius and Madness in Art"

*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.did2222.0000.808 Diderot's historic writing on Melancholy - translated into English by Matthew Chozick]

*[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.did2222.0000.808 Diderot's historic writing on Melancholy - translated into English by Matthew Chozick]

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]