Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

partly from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] murther, from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO SAXON_PERIOD Old English] morthor; partly from Middle English murdre, from Anglo-French, of Germanic [[origin]]; akin to Old English morthor; akin to Old High German mord murder, [[Latin]] mort-, mors death, mori to die, mortuus dead, [[Greek]] brotos morta

partly from [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] murther, from [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO_SAXON_PERIOD Old English] morthor; partly from Middle English murdre, from Anglo-French, of Germanic [[origin]]; akin to Old English morthor; akin to Old High German mord murder, [[Latin]] mort-, mors death, mori to die, mortuus dead, [[Greek]] brotos morta

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century Before 12th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century Before 12th Century]

One of the oldest known prohibitions against murder appears in the Sumerian [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Ur-Nammu Code of Ur-Nammu] written sometime between 2100 and 2050 BC. The code states, "If a man commits a murder, that man must be killed." The payment of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weregild weregild] was an important legal [[mechanism]] in early Germanic society; the other common form of legal reparation at this time was blood [[revenge]]. If someone was killed, the [[guilty]] person would have to pay weregild to the [[victim]]'s [[family]].

One of the oldest known prohibitions against murder appears in the Sumerian [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Ur-Nammu Code of Ur-Nammu] written sometime between 2100 and 2050 BC. The code states, "If a man commits a murder, that man must be killed." The payment of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weregild weregild] was an important legal [[mechanism]] in early Germanic society; the other common form of legal reparation at this time was blood [[revenge]]. If someone was killed, the [[guilty]] person would have to pay weregild to the [[victim]]'s [[family]].

In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religion Abrahamic religions], the prohibition against murder is one of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Commandments Ten Commandments] given by [[God]] to Moses in ([https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Exodus#Chapter_.20 Exodus: 20v13]) and ([https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Deutoronomy#Chapter_.5 Deuteronomy 5v17]). The Vulgate and subsequent early [[English]] [[translations]] of the [[Bible]] used the term [[secret]]ly killeth his neighbour or smiteth his neighbour secretly rather than murder for the [[Latin]] ''clam percusserit proximum''.

In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religion Abrahamic religions], the prohibition against murder is one of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Commandments Ten Commandments] given by [[God]] to Moses in ([http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Exodus#Chapter_.20 Exodus: 20v13]) and ([http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Book_of_Deutoronomy#Chapter_.5 Deuteronomy 5v17]). The Vulgate and subsequent early [[English]] [[translations]] of the [[Bible]] used the term [[secret]]ly killeth his neighbour or smiteth his neighbour secretly rather than murder for the [[Latin]] ''clam percusserit proximum''.

Later editions such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_Literal_Translation Young's Literal Translation] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_English_Bible World English Bible] have translated the [[Latin]] occides simply as murder rather than the alternatives of kill, assassinate, fall upon or slay. [[Christian]] churches have some doctrinal [[differences]] about what forms of homicide are prohibited biblically, though all agree murder is.

Later editions such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_Literal_Translation Young's Literal Translation] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_English_Bible World English Bible] have translated the [[Latin]] occides simply as murder rather than the alternatives of kill, assassinate, fall upon or slay. [[Christian]] churches have some doctrinal [[differences]] about what forms of homicide are prohibited biblically, though all agree murder is.

In [[Islam]] according to the [[Qur'an]], one of the greatest sins is to kill a [[human being]] who has committed no fault. "For that cause We decreed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the [[earth]], it shall be as if he had killed all [[mankind]], and whoso saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind."[Qur'an 5:32] "Those who invoke not, with [[Allah]], any other god, nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred except for just cause, nor commit fornication; - and any that does this (not only) meets punishment. "[[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Dinner_Table Qur'an 25:68]]

In [[Islam]] according to the [[Qur'an]], one of the greatest sins is to kill a [[human being]] who has committed no fault. "For that cause We decreed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the [[earth]], it shall be as if he had killed all [[mankind]], and whoso saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind."[Qur'an 5:32] "Those who invoke not, with [[Allah]], any other god, nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred except for just cause, nor commit fornication; - and any that does this (not only) meets punishment. "[[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Dinner_Table Qur'an 25:68]]

The term '[[Assassin]]' derives from Hashshashin, a militant [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismailism Ismaili] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shia_Islam Shi-ite sect], active from the eighth to the fourteenth centuries. This [[mystic]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_society secret society] killed members of the Abbasid, Fatimid, Seljuq and Crusader elite for [[political]] and [[religious]] reasons. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thugee#The_practice Thuggee cult] that plagued India was devoted to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali Kali], the goddess of [[death]] and destruction. A very conservative estimate is that the Thugs murdered 1 million people between 1740 and 1840. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztecs Aztecs] believed that without regular offerings of blood the sun god Huitzilopochtli would withdraw his [[support]] for them and destroy the world as they knew it. According to Ross Hassig, author of Aztec Warfare, "between 10,000 and 80,400 persons" were sacrificed in the 1487 re-consecration of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pyramid_of_Tenochtitlan Great Pyramid of Tenochtitlan].

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: the [[crime]] of unlawfully killing a [[person]] especially with malice aforethought

*1: the [[crime]] of unlawfully killing a [[person]] especially with malice aforethought

:b : something outrageous or blameworthy <getting away with murder

:b : something outrageous or blameworthy <getting away with murder

==Description==

==Description==

'''Murder''' is the unlawful killing of another [[human being]] with "malice aforethought", and generally this [[state]] of [[mind]] distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide (such as manslaughter). As the loss of a human being inflicts enormous grief upon the [[individuals]] close to the victim, as well as the fact that the commission of a murder is highly detrimental to the [[good]] order within [[society]], most societies both present and in antiquity have considered it a most serious [[crime]] [[worthy]] of the harshest of [[punishment]]. In the US, a person convicted of murder is typically given a life sentence or the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_penalty death penalty] for such an [[act]]. A person who commits murder is called a murderer ; the term murderess, meaning a [[woman]] who murders, has largely fallen into disuse.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder]

'''Murder''' is the unlawful killing of another [[human being]] with "malice aforethought", and generally this [[state]] of [[mind]] distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide (such as manslaughter). As the loss of a human being inflicts enormous grief upon the [[individuals]] close to the victim, as well as the fact that the commission of a murder is highly detrimental to the [[good]] order within [[society]], most societies both present and in antiquity have considered it a most serious [[crime]] [[worthy]] of the harshest of [[punishment]]. In the US, a person convicted of murder is typically given a life sentence or the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_penalty death penalty] for such an [[act]]. A person who commits murder is called a murderer ; the term murderess, meaning a [[woman]] who murders, has largely fallen into disuse.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder]

 

[[Category: Law]]